Creating personas for political and social consciousness in HCI design

Personas have become an important tool for Human-Computer Interaction professionals. However, they are not immune to limitations and critique, including stereotyping. We suggest that while some of the criticisms to personas are important, the use of personas is open to them in part because of an unquestioned focus on explicating user needs and goals in traditional persona research and creation. This focus, while helping designers, obscures some other potentially relevant aspects. In particular, when the goal of the product or software being designed is associated with social and political goals rather than with bringing a product to the market, it may be relevant to focus personas on political aspirations, social values and the will or capacity of personas to take action. We argue that it is possible when producing personas (and associated scenarios) to partially move away from representing needs and embrace personas which more explicitly represent political or social beliefs and values. We also suggest that a phenomenographic approach to user data analysis is one way to achieve this. We provide empirical evidence for our position from two large-scale European projects, the first one in the area of Social Innovation and the second in the area of eParticipation

Esquizofrenia - abordagens conceituais apontadas por enfermeiros e médicos da grande Florianópolis e identificadas nos autores de enfermagem psiquiátrica

Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências da Saúde. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Enfermage

COVID-19 and oral radiology

sem informação50218118

Mitochondrial function in the evolutionary origin of the female germ line

PhDOxidative phosphorylation couples ATP synthesis to respiratory electron transport. This coupling occurs in mitochondria, which carry DNA. Respiratory electron transport in the presence of molecular oxygen generates mutagenic reactive oxygen species (ROS) at a frequency that is itself increased by mutation. Damage to mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) therefore accumulates within the lifespan of individual organisms. Syngamy requires motility of one gamete, and this motility requires ATP. It has been proposed that that oxidative phosphorylation is absent in the special case of quiescent, template mitochondria, and that these remain sequestered in oocytes and female germ lines. Oocyte mtDNA is thus protected from damage. Here I present evidence that female gametes, which are immotile, repress mitochondrial DNA transcription, mitochondrial membrane potential (!!m), and ROS production. In contrast, somatic cells and male gametes are seen actively to transcribe mitochondrial genes for respiratory electron carriers, and to produce ROS. I find that this functional division of labour between sperm and egg is widely distributed within the animal kingdom, and characterised by contrasting mitochondrial size and morphology. If quiescent oocyte mitochondria alone retain the capacity for an indefinite number of accurate replications of mtDNA, then "female" can be defined as that sex which transmits genetic template mitochondria. Template mitochondria then give rise to mitochondria that perform oxidative phosphorylation in somatic cells and in male gametes of each new generation. Template mitochondria also persist within the female germ line, to populate the oocytes of daughters. Thus mitochondria are maternally inherited

The new dynamics of scientific knowledge and their impact on Psychology in Latin America

Este trabajo analiza las diversas transformaciones que se registraron en las nuevas formas de producción de conocimiento científico durante las últimas décadas con el objetivo de identificar las repercusiones en el terreno específico de la psicología en América Latina. En primer lugar, se revisan diferentes posiciones teóricas provenientes del campo de la sociología de la ciencia que dan cuenta de los cambios producidos en el contexto de la investigación científica en el mundo. Luego, se realiza un análisis retrospectivo del desarrollo de la psicología en América Latina con especial cobertura de los tópicos que reconocen modificaciones sustanciales: publicaciones científicas, formación de investigadores, agendas de investigación, entre otros. En su conjunto, se plantea que las diversas transformaciones operadas en el campo del conocimiento científico en los últimos tiempos han tenido su correlato en el desarrollo de la psicología en América Latina a través de la modificación de sus prácticas, temas y dinámicas de producción y circulación de conocimiento.This paper analyzes the various transformations that took place in the new ways to produce scientific knowledge in the last decades, with the purpose of identifying their repercussions on the specific field of Psychology in Latin America. First, we review the different theoretical stances emerging from the Sociology of Science field, which provide an account of the changes that took place in the context of scientific research around the world. Then, we perform a retrospective analysis of the evolution of Psychology in Latin America, with emphasis on topics that underwent substantial changes, such as scientific publications, research education, research agendas, etc. Taking them as a whole, we propose that the various transformations that take place in the field of scientific knowledge in recent times relate to the development of Psychology in Latin America because it modified the practice, the topics and the dynamics of production and dissemination of knowledge.Fil: Gallegos de San Vicente, Miguel Omar. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Psicologia; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Berra, Martina Paula. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Psicologia; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Benito, Ezequiel. Universidad Maimonides; ArgentinaFil: López López, Wilson. Pontificia Universidad Javeriana; Colombi

Mortalidade infantil e pré-natal: contribuições da clínica à luz de Canguilhem e Foucault

This review study aimed to verify how studies conducted in Brazil have related infant mortality to prenatal care and to present contributions of the clinic in the light of Canguilhem and Foucault for qualification of the care. An integrative literature review was conducted from searches in the databases SciELO, LILACS, MEDLINE and BDENF for the period 2000 to 2009. The relationship between infant mortality and prenatal care is related to the insufficient number of consultations or to the quality of the care provided. Even when the number of and routine consultations in the prenatal care were adequate, avoidable deaths were present. For the qualification of prenatal care, it is suggested that the clinical knowledge and other elements that comprise the process of human living are considered, in order that the clinical view is enlarged and articulated to the technologies available in the health system and, together, they are able to contribute to the reduction of infant mortality in Brazil.Este estudio de revisión tuvo por objetivo verificar cómo investigaciones realizadas en Brasil relacionan la mortalidad infantil y el prenatal, y presentar contribuciones de la clínica bajo el marco teórico de Canguilhem y Foucault para la calificación de la asistencia. Se realizó una revisión integradora de la literatura a partir de búsquedas en las bases de datos SciELO, LILACS, MEDLINE y BDENF, en el período de 2000 a 2009. La relación entre la mortalidad infantil y el prenatal se refiere al número insuficiente de consultas o a la calidad de la atención prestada. Mismo cuando el número y la rutina de consultas en el prenatal fueron adecuadas, las muertes evitables estuvieron presentes. Para la calificación de la asistencia ofrecida, se sugiere que sean considerados el conocimiento clínico y los demás elementos componentes del proceso del vivir humano, con la intención de que la perspectiva clínica sea ampliada y articulada a las tecnologías disponibles en el sistema de salud y, en conjunto, consigan contribuir para la reducción de la mortalidad infantil en Brasil.Neste estudo de revisão objetivou-se verificar como pesquisas realizadas no Brasil relacionam a mortalidade infantil e o pré-natal e apresentar contribuições da clínica à luz de Canguilhem e Foucault, para a qualificação da assistência. Realizou-se revisão integrativa de literatura a partir de buscas nas bases de dados SciELO, LILACS, MEDLINE e BDENF, no período de 2000 a 2009. A relação entre a mortalidade infantil e o pré-natal refere-se ao número insuficiente de consultas ou à qualidade do atendimento prestado. Mesmo quando o número e a rotina de consultas no pré-natal foram adequados, os óbitos evitáveis estiveram presentes. Para a qualificação da assistência oferecida, sugere-se que sejam considerados o conhecimento clínico e os demais elementos componentes do processo de viver humano, no intuito de que o olhar clínico seja ampliado e articulado às tecnologias disponíveis no sistema de saúde e, em conjunto, consigam contribuir para a redução da mortalidade infantil no Brasil