Aspects of bone quality in the broiler chicken

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A study of mathematics instructional practices in foundation phase grade three classrooms in East London

This study describes the instructional practices of grade three teachers in their attempt to facilitate mathematical learning. The teachers’ practices are described in relation to the requirements of the revised National Curriculum Statement. In order to demarcate the field of investigation, the researcher provides an overview of the historical background of the study and draws attention to the knowledge interest of the investigation. The problem, the research questions, the assumptions of the study, the significance of the study, the rationale and the delimitation of the study are all set out in this chapter. A list of the major terms used in the study is also given. In concluding the chapter and outline of the issues discussed in each of the five chapters is given.Thesis (MEd) -- University of Fort Hare, 201

A study of mathematics instructional practices in foundation phase grade three classrooms in East London

This study describes the instructional practices of grade three teachers in their attempt to facilitate mathematical learning. The teachers’ practices are described in relation to the requirements of the revised National Curriculum Statement. In order to demarcate the field of investigation, the researcher provides an overview of the historical background of the study and draws attention to the knowledge interest of the investigation. The problem, the research questions, the assumptions of the study, the significance of the study, the rationale and the delimitation of the study are all set out in this chapter. A list of the major terms used in the study is also given. In concluding the chapter and outline of the issues discussed in each of the five chapters is given.Thesis (MEd) -- University of Fort Hare, 201

α_1L-adrenoceptors mediate contraction of human erectile tissue

α1-adrenoceptor antagonists can impact upon sexual function and have potential in the treatment of erectile dysfunction. Human erectile tissue contains predominantly α1A-adrenoceptors, and here we examined whether contractions of this tissue are mediated by the functional phenotype, the α1L-adrenoceptor. Functional experiments using subtype selective agonists and antagonists, along with radioligand ([3H]tamsulosin) binding assays, were used to determine the α1-adrenoceptor population. A61603, a α1A-adrenoceptor agonist, was a full agonist with a potency 21-fold greater than that of noradrenaline. The α1A- and α1D-adrenoceptor antagonist tamsulosin antagonized noradrenaline responses with high affinity (pKD = 9.7 ± 0.3), whilst BMY7378 (100 nM) (α1D-adrenoceptor antagonist) failed to antagonize responses. In contrast, relatively low affinity estimates were obtained for both prazosin (pKD = 8.2 ± 0.1) and RS17053 (pKD = 6.9 ± 0.2), antagonists which discriminate between the α1A- and α1L-adrenoceptors. [3H]Tamsulosin bound with high affinity to the receptors of human erectile tissue (pKD = 10.3 ± 0.1) with a receptor density of 28.1 ± 1.4 fmol mg−1 protein. Prazosin displacement of [3H]tamsulosin binding revealed a single homogenous population of binding sites with a relatively low affinity for prazosin (pKi = 8.9). Taken together these data confirm that the receptor mediating contraction in human erectile tissue has the pharmacological properties of the α1L-adrenoceptor. Keywords: Erectile tissue, α1-adrenoceptor subtypes, α1L-adrenoceptor, Tamsulosin, Prazosi

Media Attention on African Americans with Human Immunodeficiency Virus

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a disease that has captured the attention of the media in various ways and to varying degrees. One of the ongoing debates and areas of research in HIV that provide many opportunities for discovery is the disproportionate number of African Americans infected with HIV compared to the amount of attention they receive in the media. This manuscript addresses the question that has preoccupied the minds of many people: Why have African Americans infected with HIV received so little media attention? Analysis of this question suggests that there are many reasons for this lack of media attention. One reason in particular is the media tends to be much less attentive to diseases, such as HIV, that disproportionately burden blacks relative to whites. We also find that the media is reluctant to write about HIV in African Americans because it portrays them negatively. The media suggests that people are bombarded with negative news about African Americans and writing about them with regard to HIV only reinforces the negative. Finally, analysis reveals that in recent years African Americans with HIV have received more media attention due to the increase in rates of HIV in African Americans. This increase in media attention helps educate African Americans about the disease, reduces the stigma associated with it, and inspires African Americans to get tested and linked to care. In this way, African Americans with HIV can help the community stay virus-free

The hedgehog inhibitor cyclopamine reduces β-catenin-Tcf transcriptional activity, induces E-cadherin expression, and reduces invasion in colorectal cancer cells

© 2015 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. Colorectal cancer is a major global health problem resulting in over 600,000 deaths world-wide every year with the majority of these due to metastatic disease. Wnt signalling, and more specifically β-catenin-related transcription, has been shown to drive both tumorigenesis and the metastatic process in colorectal neoplasia, yet its complex interactions with other key signalling pathways, such as hedgehog, remain to be elucidated. We have previously shown that the Hedgehog (HH) signalling pathway is active in cells from colorectal tumours, and that inhibition of the pathway with cyclopamine induces apoptosis. We now show that cyclopamine treatment reduces β-catenin related transcription in colorectal cancer cell lines, and that this effect can be reversed by addition of Sonic Hedgehog protein. We also show that cyclopamine concomitantly induces expression of the tumour suppressor and prognostic indicator E-cadherin. Consistent with a role for HH in regulating the invasive potential we show that cyclopamine reduces the expression of transcription factors (Slug, Snail and Twist) associated with the epithelial-mesenchymal transition and reduces the invasiveness of colorectal cancer cells in vitro. Taken together, these data show that pharmacological inhibition of the hedgehog pathway has therapeutic potential in the treatment of colorectal cancer

The role of the multi-professional consultant practitioner in supporting workforce transformation in the UK

There is an urgent need to transform health and social care to take a whole systems approach to meet health and social care need and address health inequalities in partnership with citizens and communities to focus on what matters to them. Pivotal to this is transformation of the healthcare workforce to develop the capabilities required and offer career progression and development opportunities to attract and retain staff. The contribution that multi professional consultant practice roles can make as system leaders to this challenge is highlighted across the five domains of multi-professional consultant level practice: 1) strategic and enabling leadership; 2) learning, developing, improving practices; 3) embedded research and inclusive evaluation; plus 4) process consultancy combined with 5) the credibility of professional expertise. The interdependence of these domains is a crucial part of the role, and its inbuilt flexibility is an asset which enables changing priorities and community needs to be addressed in partnership with people. The multi-professional skillset also contributes to developing effective cultures of learning at every level of the health and care system. This feature enables change to be embedded sustainably through drawing on and valuing the contribution of all and developing good places to work – instrumental in both workforce retention and innovation. Multi-professional consultant practice roles are an invaluable resource that needs to be at the forefront of system transformation ARTICLES AJPP 3 Vol 3, No2 (2022) and recognised as catalytic for achieving strategic priorities by commissioners. This paper provides three consultant level practice case studies in pharmacy, nursing, and allied health practice to illustrate impact and outcomes on population health priorities. There is an urgent need to invest in workforce education and development if the future vision for people centred integrated health and social care is to be realised and sustained in the longer term. This requires investment in commissioning consultant practitioner roles as systems leaders and creating attractive career progression and development frameworks for practitioners to progress from enhanced to advanced to consultant practitioner level roles

Community resilience for a 1.5 °C world

Ten essentials are presented for community resilience initiatives in the context of achieving a 1.5 °C world: enhance adaptability; take account of shocks and stresses; work horizontally across issues; work vertically across social scales; aggressively reduce carbon emissions; build narratives about climate change; engage directly with futures; focus on climate disadvantage; focus on processes and pathways; and encourage transformations for resilience. Together the essentials highlight that resilience initiatives seeking to retain the status quo will be detrimental when they enable societies to cling to unsustainable activities. Instead, climate resilience initiatives need to be viewed more as a process of transformative social change, where learning, power, inequities and relationships matter. Finally, there is an urgent need for researchers to shift focus away from examining the nature of resilience to accelerating learning about fostering resilience in practice

Creatine supplementation research fails to support the theoretical basis for an effect on cognition: Evidence from a systematic review

Creatine supplementation has been put forward as a possible aid to cognition, particularly for vegans, vegetarians, the elderly, sleep deprived and hypoxic individuals. However, previous narrative reviews have only provided limited support for these claims. This is despite the fact that research has shown that creatine supplementation can induce increased brain concentrations of creatine, albeit to a limited extent. We carried out a systematic review to examine the current state of affairs. The review supported claims that creatine supplementation can increases brain creatine content but also demonstrated somewhat equivocal results for effects on cognition. It does, however, provide evidence to suggest that more research is required with stressed populations, as supplementation does appear to significantly affect brain content. Issues with research design, especially supplementation regimens, need to be addressed. Future research must include measurements of creatine brain content