Fundamental study in low-density gas dynamics Progress report, 1 Nov. 1968 - 30 Jun. 1969

Theoretical and experimental study of rarefied gas viscoseals in continuum to free molecular density range and speeds up to 30,000 rp

Picking Up Where \u3ci\u3eKatcoff\u3c/i\u3e Left Off: Developing a Framework for a Constitutional Military Chaplaincy

Under existing precedent, portions of the military chaplaincy program are unconstitutional. Although presenting at least the appearance of the “establishment” of religion, the military chaplaincy program has never been successfully challenged on constitutional grounds—despite its history of more than two centuries. The only court that has directly confronted the issue upheld the military chaplaincy based on what appears to be a counter-intuitive application of the Free Exercise Clause. Namely, the military chaplaincy program ensures the free exercise rights of service members who, because of their military service, would otherwise be deprived of access to religious services. And indeed, when a military assignment takes a service member to rural or international locations, that military assignment may reduce or eliminate the service member’s access to religious services. Consequently, the Free Exercise Clause at least allows the government to take action to alleviate those hindrances, which the government does by providing the military chaplaincy program. But those obstacles simply do not exist for many service members, for instance those assigned to non-deployable units in the urban United States who benefit from ready access to local religious resources. And with respect to these service members, the military’s chaplaincy program amounts to an impermissible advancement of religion and, as such, cannot survive constitutional muster. Thus because government-sponsored (or supported) religious accommodation is permissible only when government action encumbers religious free exercise, service members’ access to government religious resources must be more carefully circumscribed to those circumstances in which it is genuinely a government-imposed burden that the government’s military chaplains relieves. Therefore, to meet its constitutional obligations, the Department of Defense (DoD) must make some effort to distinguish between units that are and units that are not subject to a government-imposed burden on its members religious free exercise

Measured optical absorption coefficients for uranium plasmas

Absolute emissivities of uranium plasmas in gas driven shock tub

DeltaTick: Applying Calculus to the Real World through Behavioral Modeling

Certainly one of the most powerful and important modeling languages of our time is the Calculus. But research consistently shows that students do not understand how the variables in calculus-based mathematical models relate to aspects of the systems that those models are supposed to represent. Because of this, students never access the true power of calculus: its suitability to model a wide variety of real-world systems across domains. In this paper, we describe the motivation and theoretical foundations for the DeltaTick and HotLink Replay applications, an effort to address these difficulties by a) enabling students to model a wide variety of systems in the world that change over time by defining the behaviors of that system, and b) making explicit how a system\''s behavior relates to the mathematical trends that behavior creates. These applications employ the visualization and codification of behavior rules within the NetLogo agent-based modeling environment (Wilensky, 1999), rather than mathematical symbols, as their primary building blocks. As such, they provide an alternative to traditional mathematical techniques for exploring and solving advanced modeling problems, as well as exploring the major underlying concepts of calculus

Bistatic LIDAR experiment proposed for the shuttle/tethered satellite system missions

A new experiment concept has been proposed for the shuttle/tethered satellite system missions, which can provide high resolution, global density mappings of certain ionospheric species. The technique utilizes bistatic LIDAR to take advantage of the unique dual platform configuration offered by these missions. A tuned, shuttle-based laser is used to excite a column of the atmosphere adjacent to the tethered satellite, while triangulating photometic detectors on the satellite are employed to measure the fluorescence from sections of the column. The fluorescent intensity at the detectors is increased about six decades over both ground-based and monostatic shuttle-based LIDAR sounding of the same region. In addition, the orbital motion of the Shuttle provides for quasi-global mapping unattainable with ground-based observations. Since this technique provides such vastly improved resolution on a synoptic scale, many important middle atmospheric studies, heretofore untenable, may soon be addressed

Fundamental study in low-density gas dynamics Progress report, 1 Nov. 1967 - 1 Nov. 1968

Rarefied gas dynamics, nozzle flow, and filterin

Development of a spectroscopic shock tube

Gas spectroscopic tube and component equipment instrumentation for radiative transfer experiment

A Call for a Humanistic Stance Toward K–12 Data Science Education

There is growing interest in how to better prepare K–12 students to work with data. In this article, we assert that these discussions of teaching and learning must attend to the human dimensions of data work. Specifically, we draw from several established lines of research to argue that practices involving the creation and manipulation of data are shaped by a combination of personal experiences, cultural tools and practices, and political concerns. We demonstrate through two examples how our proposed humanistic stance highlights ways that efforts to make data personally relevant for youth also necessarily implicate cultural and sociopolitical dimensions that affect the design and learning opportunities in data-rich learning environments. We offer an interdisciplinary framework based on literature from multiple bodies of educational research to inform design, teaching and research for more effective, responsible, and inclusive student learning experiences with and about data

“I Feel Like It’s One of Those Things that Everyone Feels the Same Way About, No One Wants to Discuss It”: A Qualitative Examination of Female College Students’ Pap Smear Experience

The purpose of this study was to examine female college students’ Pap smear experience and communication with their provider before, during, and after the exam. In fall 2019, 158 female college students completed an online survey with closed and open-ended questions. Open-ended responses from participants reporting a previous Pap smear (n=36) were qualitatively analyzed to generate themes to explain female college students’ Pap smear experience and communication behavior with their provider before, during, and after the exam. The main themes identified included: Uncomfortable, Low Patient Engagement, Provider Support, and Provider Trust. Female college students overwhelmingly reported discomfort around the exam and were unaware of how to communicate with their provider; however, participants reported satisfaction with their care when the provider offered support and guidance. Findings suggest a need to develop strategies to address discomfort and enhance female college students’ communication skills with providers concerning the Pap smear exam

Phase 2 trial of montelukast for prevention of pain in sickle cell disease.

Cysteinyl leukotrienes (CysLTs) are lipid mediators of inflammation. In patients with sickle cell disease (SCD), levels of CysLTs are increased compared with controls and associated with a higher rate of hospitalization for pain. We tested the hypothesis that administration of the CysLT receptor antagonist montelukast would improve SCD-related comorbidities, including pain, in adolescents and adults with SCD. In a phase 2 randomized trial, we administered montelukast or placebo for 8 weeks. The primary outcome measure was a >30% reduction in soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (sVCAM), a marker of vascular injury. Secondary outcome measures were reduction in daily pain, improvement in pulmonary function, and improvement in microvascular blood flow, as measured by laser Doppler velocimetry. Forty-two participants with SCD were randomized to receive montelukast or placebo for 8 weeks. We found no difference between the montelukast and placebo groups with regard to the levels of sVCAM, reported pain, pulmonary function, or microvascular blood flow. Although montelukast is an effective treatment for asthma, we did not find benefit for SCD-related outcomes. This clinical trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT01960413