El Zócalo de la ciudad de México. Un acercamiento metodológico a la etnografía de una plaza

El objetivo de este artículo es describir un ejercicio de acercamiento metodológico y etnográfico a un espacio público de la ciudad de México: el Zócalo y su significación cultural. El artículo está estructurado en cuatro partes. En la primera presento el desarrollo de los métodos cualitativos que reflejan la complejidad del espacio urbano. Después de esta especie de introducción al objeto de estudio y a su ubicación en un contexto teórico, el siguiente apartado se dedica a la delimitación del campo u objeto de estudio, describo el comienzo del trabajo de campo con el uso de métodos de acercamiento. En el tercer apartado mostraré otros métodos cualitativos con mayor detalle: el análisis situacional, los mapas mentales y la fotopalabra. El artículo termina (como cuarta parte) con una reflexión sobre otro problema de los estudios urbanos, el de limitar la materia de la investigación, es decir, la cuestión de cómo y cuándo determinar la salida del campo

Inventive Methods. Künstlerische Ansätze in der ethnographischen Stadtforschung

In the field of contemporary urban research, there is a growing realization that urban configurations, collective imaginations as well as complex networks of power cannot be examined and interpreted adequately by applying only classical methods of social science. This text looks at different kinds of knowledge production within the research and exhibition project Global Prayers focusing on processes of research, the invention of ­methods, the collection and analysis of data, and their translation into formats for presentation. In the context of theoretical concepts on the role of ethnographic and artistic research, examples from the Global Prayers project are re-viewed to analyze several methodological procedures, such as multi-sited ethnography, sound recordings, enactments, and interventions as promising challenges for inventive urban research

Inventive Methods. Künstlerische Ansätze in der ethnographischen Stadtforschung

In the field of contemporary urban research, there is a growing realization that urban configurations, collective imaginations as well as complex networks of power cannot be examined and interpreted adequately by applying only classical methods of social science. This text looks at different kinds of knowledge production within the research and exhibition project Global Prayers focusing on processes of research, the invention of ­methods, the collection and analysis of data, and their translation into formats for presentation. In the context of theoretical concepts on the role of ethnographic and artistic research, examples from the Global Prayers project are re-viewed to analyze several methodological procedures, such as multi-sited ethnography, sound recordings, enactments, and interventions as promising challenges for inventive urban research

Inventive Methods. Künstlerische Ansätze in der ethnographischen Stadtforschung

In the field of contemporary urban research, there is a growing realization that urban configurations, collective imaginations as well as complex networks of power cannot be examined and interpreted adequately by applying only classical methods of social science. This text looks at different kinds of knowledge production within the research and exhibition project Global Prayers focusing on processes of research, the invention of ­methods, the collection and analysis of data, and their translation into formats for presentation. In the context of theoretical concepts on the role of ethnographic and artistic research, examples from the Global Prayers project are re-viewed to analyze several methodological procedures, such as multi-sited ethnography, sound recordings, enactments, and interventions as promising challenges for inventive urban research

Gemeinsam Karten lesen: kollektive Wissensproduktion in der Stadtforschung

Während in der heutigen Stadtforschung ausführlich über das Karten-Machen geschrieben wird, spielt das Karten-Lesen bei der kritischen Analyse kaum eine Rolle. Das Karten-Lesen selbst – gerade in einer Gruppe – ist jedoch ein zentraler Schritt im Prozess der (kollektiven) raumbezogenen Wissensproduktion. Am Beispiel des Workshops „Poner las cartas sobre la mesa“ (dt. „die Karten auf den Tisch legen“) in Mexiko-Stadt möchten wir diesen methodischen Ansatz im Umgang mit Karten diskutieren und weiter einsetzbar machen

Identidades urbanas

1 archivo PDF (381 páginas)Se intenta de-construir de manera analítica los fundamentos con los cuales es posible comprender y explicar las identidades urbanas. En consecuencia nos hemos centrado en aquellos aspectos teórico-metodológicos de la relación identidad-espacio que hacen referencia a la construcción o crisis de tales identidades

FoxP3 expression by retinal pigment epithelial cells: transcription factor with potential relevance for the pathology of age-related macular degeneration

Background: Forkhead-Box-Protein P3 (FoxP3) is a transcription factor and marker of regulatory T cells, converting naive T cells into Tregs that can downregulate the effector function of other T cells. We previously detected the expression of FoxP3 in retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells, forming the outer blood-retina barrier of the immune privileged eye. Methods: We investigated the expression, subcellular localization, and phosphorylation of FoxP3 in RPE cells in vivo and in vitro after treatment with various stressors including age, retinal laser burn, autoimmune inflammation, exposure to cigarette smoke, in addition of IL-1 beta and mechanical cell monolayer destruction. Eye tissue from humans, mouse models of retinal degeneration and rats, and ARPE-19, a human RPE cell line for in vitro experiments, underwent immunohistochemical, immunofluorescence staining, and PCR or immunoblot analysis to determine the intracellular localization and phosphorylation of FoxP3. Cytokine expression of stressed cultured RPE cells was investigated by multiplex bead analysis. Depletion of the FoxP3 gene was performed with CRISPR/Cas9 editing. Results: RPE in vivo displayed increased nuclear FoxP3-expression with increases in age and inflammation, long-term exposure of mice to cigarette smoke, or after laser burn injury. The human RPE cell line ARPE-19 constitutively expressed nuclear FoxP3 under non-confluent culture conditions, representing a regulatory phenotype under chronic stress. Confluently grown cells expressed cytosolic FoxP3 that was translocated to the nucleus after treatment with IL-1 beta to imitate activated macrophages or after mechanical destruction of the monolayer. Moreover, with depletion of FoxP3, but not of a control gene, by CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing decreased stress resistance of RPE cells. Conclusion: Our data suggest that FoxP3 is upregulated by age and under cellular stress and might be important for RPE function

metroZones Schule für städtisches Handeln: Urbanes Lernen im Kontext der Demonstration Never Mind the Papers (2015)

Der folgende Text bezieht sich auf Ereignisse im Jahr 2015, als die Straßen und Plätze Europas mit temporären Camps und Demonstrationen von Geflüchteten besetzt waren. Gleichzeitig mit der Überforderung, dem Versagen der staatlichen Institutionen bei der Sicherung der Grundbedürfnisse der Ankommenden, gab es massive Mobilisierung freiwilliger Unterstützung sowie neue Formen der Selbstorganisation und zahlreiche lokale Solidaritätsinitiativen. Als Teil der Berliner Gruppe metroZones habe ich im Jahr 2015 – unabhängig, aber doch parallel zu den Ereignissen an den Grenzen und in den Zentren Europas – das Modellprojekt „metroZones Schule für städtisches Handeln“ konzipiert und koordiniert. Die Idee der Schule war es, stadttheoretische Ansätze mit Methoden der Stadtforschung und aktivistischen Praktiken zusammenzubringen, sie zu diskutieren und zu erproben, mit dem Ziel die Stadtgesellschaft aktiv mitzugestalten. Im November 2015 verband sich die „metroZones Schule“ mit der damals aktuellen Situation der Geflüchteten bei der Demonstration „Never Mind the Papers“ an einem Wochenende in Hamburg

Identidades urbanas 

Se intenta de-construir de manera analítica los fundamentos con los cuales es posible comprender y explicar las identidades urbanas. En consecuencia nos hemos centrado en aquellos aspectos teórico-metodológicos de la ..