Smutna lektura. Geograficzno-kulturowy trójkąt Lévi-Straussa

Autorka podejmuje się reinterpretacji klasycznej książki, wpisującej się w kanon kształcenia antropologów, a jednocześnie czytanej jako zapis wspomnień z terenu: Smutku tropików Lévi-Straussa. Dowodzi, że w sposobie, w jaki dokonuje się w niej narracyjna ewokacja sensów uobecnia się teoria strukturalna. Klucza do odczytania tekstu dostarcza trójkąt kulinarny – koncepcja zaczerpnięta przez Lévi-Straussa z lingwistycznego ujęcia systemu fonologicznego. W Smutku tropików Brazylia, Europa i Indie współtworzą trójkąt analogiczny do tego, który tworzyło surowe warzone i zepsute w trójkącie kulinarnym. Ten układ widoczny jest w sposobie repartycji znaczeń i wartości. Pobyt w Indiach, poczynione tam obserwacje i notatki mogły zasymulować proces tworzenia wspomnieniowej książki

Can older people remember medication reminders presented using synthetic speech?

Reminders are often part of interventions to help older people adhere to complicated medication regimes. Computer-generated (synthetic) speech is ideal for tailoring reminders to different medication regimes. Since synthetic speech may be less intelligible than human speech, in particular under difficult listening conditions, we assessed how well older people can recall synthetic speech reminders for medications. 44 participants aged 50-80 with no cognitive impairment recalled reminders for one or four medications after a short distraction. We varied background noise, speech quality, and message design. Reminders were presented using a human voice and two synthetic voices. Data were analyzed using generalized linear mixed models. Reminder recall was satisfactory if reminders were restricted to one familiar medication, regardless of the voice used. Repeating medication names supported recall of lists of medications. We conclude that spoken reminders should build on familiar information and be integrated with other adherence support measures. © The Author 2014. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the American Medical Informatics Association. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: [email protected] numbered affiliations see end of article

NATALIA BLOCH, Bliscy nieznajomi. Turystyka i przezwyciężanie podporządkowania, Poznań: Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM 2018

Recenzja książki Natalii Bloch, Bliscy nieznajomi. Turystyka i przezwyciężanie podporządkowania w postkolonialnych Indiac

Skeletal Muscle and the Effects of Ammonia Toxicity in Fish, Mammalian, and Avian Species: A Comparative Review Based on Molecular Research

Typically, mammalian and avian models have been used to examine the effects of ammonia on skeletal muscle. Hyperammonemia causes sarcopenia or muscle wasting, in mammals and has been linked to sarcopenia in liver disease patients. Avian models of skeletal muscle have responded positively to hyperammonemia, differing from the mammalian response. Fish skeletal muscle has not been examined as extensively as mammalian and avian muscle. Fish skeletal muscle shares similarities with avian and mammalian muscle but has notable differences in growth, fiber distribution, and response to the environment. The wide array of body sizes and locomotion needs of fish also leads to greater diversity in muscle fiber distribution and growth between different fish species. The response of fish muscle to high levels of ammonia is important for aquaculture and quality food production but has not been extensively studied to date. Understanding the differences between fish, mammalian and avian species’ myogenic response to hyperammonemia could lead to new therapies for muscle wasting due to a greater understanding of the mechanisms behind skeletal muscle regulation and how ammonia effects these mechanisms. This paper provides an overview of fish skeletal muscle and ammonia excretion and toxicity in fish, as well as a comparison to avian and mammalian species

Hypnosis to reduce fear of falling in hospitalized older adults: a feasibility randomized controlled trial

Abstract Background Fear of falling is associated with numerous negative health outcomes in older adults and can limit the rehabilitation process. Hypnosis is now recognized as an effective treatment for a variety of conditions, especially anxiety and pain, which can be integrated safely with conventional medicine. The objective of this study was to assess the feasibility and acceptability of a hypnosis intervention in hospitalized older adults to reduce fear of falling. Methods In this feasibility randomized controlled trial, 32 older patients, hospitalized in geriatric rehabilitation wards, were randomly allocated (1:1 ratio) to either an intervention group (hypnosis, 2 sessions, one per week, plus usual rehabilitation program) or a control group (usual rehabilitation program only). Clinical assessors and statistician were blinded to group allocation. Primary outcomes were recruitment rate, retention rate, and adherence to the intervention. Exploratory outcomes, analyzed according to the intention-to-treat principle, included impact of hypnosis on fear of falling (assessed by a new scale perform-FES), functional status, in-hospital falls, and length of hospital stay. Results Recruitment rate was 1.3 patients per week. The recruitment of the population sample was achieved in 5.5 months. The retention rate did not differ significantly between groups and a good adherence to the hypnosis intervention was achieved (77% of patients received the full intervention). No adverse event related to the hypnosis intervention was observed. Regarding exploratory clinical outcomes, no differences were found between groups on any outcome. Conclusion Hypnosis is feasible and well accepted in a geriatric hospitalized population undergoing rehabilitation. Further pilot work should be conducted, with an increased number of hypnosis sessions, before conducting a full-scale trial to conclude whether, or not, hypnosis is effective to reduce fear of falling. Trial registration NCT04726774