Feature Expansion for Sentiment Analysis in Twitter

The community's need for social media is increasing, since the media can be used to express their opinion, especially the Twitter. Sentiment analysis can be used to understand public opinion a topic where the accuracy can be measured and improved by several methods. In this paper, we introduce a hybrid method that combines: (a) basic features and feature expansion based on Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency (TF-IDF) and (b) basic features and feature expansion based on tweet-based features. We train three most common classifiers for this field, i.e., Support Vector Machine (SVM), Logistic Regression (Logit), and Naïve Bayes (NB). From those two feature expansions, we do notice a significant increase in feature expansion with tweet-based features rather than based on TF-IDF, where the highest accuracy of 98.81% is achieved in Logistic Regression Classifier

Methodology for Constructing Form Ontology

Form ontology was built to complement the knowledge   base   of   XReformer   system,   a   system   to generate web forms design automatically with case-based reasoning  (CBR)  approach.  Case  base  is  used  to  store cases of form design while the ontology is used to define forms and its elements and the relationship between them as well as between the elements itself. The ontology acts as a small-scale knowledge base that can grow to become a big one. The existing ontology development methodologies were too complicated and mature and they were feasible to apply on a large scale ontology. Certainly, it was not efficient to build a small-scale ontology with these highly- discipline  methodologies.  In  this  paper,  we  propose  a simple ontology development methodology but covers all important aspects of the development of ontologies, as an alternative to the existing methodologies

Measuring information credibility in social media using combination of user profile and message content dimensions

Information credibility in social media is becoming the most important part of information sharing in the society. The literatures have shown that there is no labeling information credibility based on user competencies and their posted topics. This study increases the information credibility by adding new 17 features for Twitter and 49 features for Facebook. In the first step, we perform a labeling process based on user competencies and their posted topic to classify the users into two groups, credible and not credible users, regarding their posted topics. These approaches are evaluated over ten thousand samples of real-field data obtained from Twitter and Facebook networks using classification of Naive Bayes (NB), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Logistic Regression (Logit) and J48 algorithm (J48). With the proposed new features, the credibility of information provided in social media is increasing significantly indicated by better accuracy compared to the existing technique for all classifiers

Diabetes Alters Intracellular Calcium Transients in Cardiac Endothelial Cells

Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a diabetic complication, which results in myocardial dysfunction independent of other etiological factors. Abnormal intracellular calcium ([Ca2+]i) homeostasis has been implicated in DCM and may precede clinical manifestation. Studies in cardiomyocytes have shown that diabetes results in impaired [Ca2+]i homeostasis due to altered sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase (SERCA) and sodium-calcium exchanger (NCX) activity. Importantly, altered calcium homeostasis may also be involved in diabetes-associated endothelial dysfunction, including impaired endothelium-dependent relaxation and a diminished capacity to generate nitric oxide (NO), elevated cell adhesion molecules, and decreased angiogenic growth factors. However, the effect of diabetes on Ca2+ regulatory mechanisms in cardiac endothelial cells (CECs) remains unknown. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of diabetes on [Ca2+]i homeostasis in CECs in the rat model (streptozotocin-induced) of DCM. DCM-associated cardiac fibrosis was confirmed using picrosirius red staining of the myocardium. CECs isolated from the myocardium of diabetic and wild-type rats were loaded with Fura-2, and UTP-evoked [Ca2+]i transients were compared under various combinations of SERCA, sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase (PMCA) and NCX inhibitors. Diabetes resulted in significant alterations in SERCA and NCX activities in CECs during [Ca2+]i sequestration and efflux, respectively, while no difference in PMCA activity between diabetic and wild-type cells was observed. These results improve our understanding of how diabetes affects calcium regulation in CECs, and may contribute to the development of new therapies for DCM treatment

May Measurement Month 2018: a pragmatic global screening campaign to raise awareness of blood pressure by the International Society of Hypertension

Aims Raised blood pressure (BP) is the biggest contributor to mortality and disease burden worldwide and fewer than half of those with hypertension are aware of it. May Measurement Month (MMM) is a global campaign set up in 2017, to raise awareness of high BP and as a pragmatic solution to a lack of formal screening worldwide. The 2018 campaign was expanded, aiming to include more participants and countries. Methods and results Eighty-nine countries participated in MMM 2018. Volunteers (≥18 years) were recruited through opportunistic sampling at a variety of screening sites. Each participant had three BP measurements and completed a questionnaire on demographic, lifestyle, and environmental factors. Hypertension was defined as a systolic BP ≥140 mmHg or diastolic BP ≥90 mmHg, or taking antihypertensive medication. In total, 74.9% of screenees provided three BP readings. Multiple imputation using chained equations was used to impute missing readings. 1 504 963 individuals (mean age 45.3 years; 52.4% female) were screened. After multiple imputation, 502 079 (33.4%) individuals had hypertension, of whom 59.5% were aware of their diagnosis and 55.3% were taking antihypertensive medication. Of those on medication, 60.0% were controlled and of all hypertensives, 33.2% were controlled. We detected 224 285 individuals with untreated hypertension and 111 214 individuals with inadequately treated (systolic BP ≥ 140 mmHg or diastolic BP ≥ 90 mmHg) hypertension. Conclusion May Measurement Month expanded significantly compared with 2017, including more participants in more countries. The campaign identified over 335 000 adults with untreated or inadequately treated hypertension. In the absence of systematic screening programmes, MMM was effective at raising awareness at least among these individuals at risk