Oxygen Hyperbaric Exposure Induces GLUT4 Expression Reduction and No Folliculogenesis Alterations in Rat PCOS with Insulin Resistance Model

Objectives: To know effect of hyperbaric oxygen therapy to GLUT4 expression and folliculogenesis in rat PCOS with insulin resistent model.Materials and Methods: this is an analytic experimental study used 30 rats induced by testosterone propionate injection 1 mg/100 g body weight daily for 28 consecutive days as a PCOS with insulin resistent model. Animal models divided into 3 groups. Negative control was not given treatment, positive control was given placebo. Treatment group was given hyperbaric oxygen 2.4 ATA 90 minutes 2x5 days. GLUT4 expression determined by immunohystochemistry to m. Gastrocnemius. Hematoxylin Eosin staining to rat ovaries were performed to know differentiation in folliculogenesis. The results were then compared.Results: There were significant decrease of GLUT4 expression in treatment group (mean0,84+0,47)compared to negative and positive control (mean3,96+3,16and3,36+2,17). There were no different folliculogenesis in these groups.Conclusion: Hyperbaric oxygen 2.4 ATA 90 minutes 2x5 days induce decrease of GLUT4 expression and no alterations in folliculogenesis in rat PCOS with insulin resistent model, therefore can not yet be used as alternative therapy in PCOS

ES-06 Effect of Rat Bone Marrow Stem Cell Administration to Rats (Rattus norvegicus) Using Infertile Model on Oocyte Apoptosis

Effect of Rat Bone Marrow Stem Cell Administration to Rats (Rattus norvegicus) Using Infertile Model on Oocyte Apoptosi

Theurapeutic Effectiveness of Rat Bone Marrow Stem Cells in Poly Cystic Ovary Syndrome Mice Model on Folliculogenesis, TGF-β, GDF-9 Expression, and Estrogen, TNF- and Androgen Levels

Objectives: to identify therapeutic effectiveness of Rat Bone Marrow stem cell in PCOS rats model on folliculogenesis, TGF-beta and GDF-9 expression and on estrogen, TNF-a and androgen levels.Material and Methods: this study is a laboratory experimental research with using animal testing. PCOS was induced by the administration of testosterone propionate hormone into 30 mice. The subjects of this study are divided into 2 groups: stem cell group and control group. The mice were injected with testosterone then vaginal swab was performed to determine the mice cycle. After determining mice in anestrous cycle, stem cell was injected. TNF-a was measured with immunohistochemistry and androgen was examined using ELISA. The data was measured by student t-test.Result: The average number of TNF-a expression in control group was lower than stem cell group (5.35 vs 2.34; p= 0.0026). The average androgen level for stem cell group was lower than mean for control group (2.31 vs 0.40; p= 0.0026).Conclusion: In this study of polycystic model mice, stem cell decreased the expression of TNF-a and androgen leve

Perbedaan Jumlah Sel Neuron Cerebrum dan Cerebellum Mus musculus pada Kehamilan Remaja dan Dewasa

Teenage pregnancy contributes to emotional stress higher than adult women Pregnancy in adolescents will trigger negative thoughts and feelings of fear that become the root cause of stress reactions. The onset of stress will trigger the occurrence of Axis HPA activity and the release of corticotrophin releasing hormone (CRH) by the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus, then stimulate the production of adrenencorticotropic hormone (ACTH) by the anterior pituitary gland. ACTH will stimulate glucocorticoids (cortisol) from the adrenal gland cortex to increase the production of CRH in the placenta and give an effect of increasing cortisol in the maternal, as well as the amount of cortisol in the fetus will also increase because it follows the blood placenta barrier. This affects the growth and development of the fetal brain, so that the process of proliferation and differentiation, migration, organization and synaptogenesis and myelination in brain cells. The growth of the brain decreases which affects the number of neuron cells. This study aims to analyze the differences in the number of neuron cells in the cerebrum and cerebellum Mus musculus newly born in adolescent and adult pregnancy. The division of the study group consisted of two groups, namely the adolescent and adult pregnancy groups each of 16 individuals. Taking the examination sample is by taking each of the 3 children from the parent with the heaviest, medium and lowest weights. Then the Mus musculus children were sacrificed by anesthesia and decapitation, then Hematoxilin-Eosin preparations were made from the child's brain. The next step is to examine Hematoxilin-Eosin to calculate the number of neuron cells in the cerebrum and cerebellum with the analysis of the Independent T test showing significant differences between the control and treatment groups with a value of p = 0,000 (p <0.05). Then the analysis of the number of brain neuron cells using the Mann Whitney test showed a difference that the control group was higher than the adolescent group

Comparison of Morula and Blastula Embryo Vitrification by Using Cryoprotectant Ethylene Glycol, Propanediol, DMSO and Insulin Transferrin Selenium

Vitrification is freezing method with low temperature (-196ºC) using high concentrations of cryoprotectants with a view to preventing the formation of ice crystals that can damage cells and decrease the viability of the embryo blastomeres. Embryos post warming which has low viability when transferred to a recipient will decrease the pregnancy rate. Intracellular cryoprotectants used in vitrification is ethylene glycol, propanediol, or DMSO. The third type of cryoprotectants has different capacities to protect the morula and blastocyst stage embryos. This study aims to decide the exact type of cryoprotectants in protecting the morula and blastocyst stage embryos when vitrification process. Research methods were divided into three groups of cryoprotectants that group treatment 1 (P1): Ethylene Glycol 30% + Sucrose 1 M + Insulin Transferrin Selenium 15 mL, group treatment 2 (P2): Propanediol 30% + Sucrose 1 M + Insulin Transferrin Selenium 15 mL, treatment Group 3 (P3): DMSO 30% + Sucrose 1 M + Insulin Transferrin Selenium 15 mL. The data obtained were analyzed by one-way ANOVA. Results of research that use Propanediol at the morula stage embryo vitrification is not significantly different from the Ethylene glycol but significantly different from DMSO. Then use Ethylene Glycol at the blastocyst stage embryo vitrification significantly different with Propanediol and DMSO and DMSO Propanediol but usage is no different. The conclusion of this study is Propanediol used as cryoprotectants in the vitrification process morula stage embryos, while ethylene glycol used as cryoprotectants the blastocyst stage embryo vitrification process.Keywords: vitrification; ethylene glycol; propanediol; DMSO; morula; blastocys

MUSIK MOZART MEMILIKI EKSPRESI SYNAPSIN 1 TERTINGGI PADA CEREBRUM DAN CEREBELLUM RATTUS NORVEGICUS BARU LAHIR DIBANDINGKAN DENGAN GAMELAN JAWA, SUNDA DAN BALI SELAMA KEHAMILAN

Stimulation classical music has been shown to influence the increase in brain function and the development of child intelligence. Mozart's classical music has a frequency that can stimulate the growth of synaptic tissue. This research was analyze differences in the expression of synapsin 1 cerebrum and cerebellum Rattus norvegicus was born from mothers exposed to Mozart music, traditional Javanese gamelan music, Sundanese, Balinese and who were not exposed to music during pregnancy. This research was using methods experimental with post test only control group design. The treatment was given to Rattus norvegicus animals from pregnancy day to 10-19, for 1 hour in a soundproof room, intensity of 65 dB. On the 20th day of pregnancy, Rattus norvegicus was sacrificed and 3 of the heaviest, medium and lowest Rattus norvegicus children were selected and the heads of Rattus norvegicus children were decapitated and brain dissection and synapsin 1 expression was calculated using an immunohistochemical method and analyzed with appropriate statistics. Result There were significant differences in the expression of newborn synapsin 1 Rattus norvegicus cerebrum between groups with a value of p = 0.042 (mean in the control group IRS: 2.04 ± 0.26, in the Mozart group IRS: 3.84 ± 1.66, Javanese gamelan group IRS: 2.64 ± 0.51, Sundanese gamelan group IRS: 2.92 ± 0.41, and in the Balinese gamelan group IRS: 2.52 ± 1.18) and so in the cerebellum with a value of p = 0.001 (mean in the control group IRS: 2.02 ± 0.30, in the Mozart group IRS: 4.72 ± 0.54, the Javanese gamelan group was IRS: 3.20 ± 0.82, the Sundanese gamelan group was IRS: 3.12 ± 0.83, and in the Bali gamelan group IRS: 2.08 ± 0.30). Conclusion There are differences in the expression of synapsin 1 of the Rattus norvegicus offspring exposed to Mozart music, gamelan traditional music Javanese, Sundanese and Balinese in the cerebellum but there are no differences in the cerebrum during pregnancy. The highest synapsin expression was in the Mozart group

THE EFFECT OF PSYCHOLOGICAL STRESS ON MPF INTRAFOLLICULAR

Objective: The aim of the study is to investigate the influence of cortisol and Heat Shock Protein 70 (HSP70) on the stressed mice to maturationpromoting factor (MPF) expression intrafollicular.Methods: Experimental laboratory with Randomized Post Test Only Control Group Design was carried out on intrafollicular mice. Divided into twogroups, experimental and control groups. The experimental group was given a 95 dB 4 hours/day noisy exposure for 5 days which was analogous topsychological stress in humans and the control group was not given noisy exposure. Furthermore, both groups were examined for cortisol levels toensure stress in mice. Heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) expression was examined as the main regulatory protein for stress response and Maturationpromoting factor (MPF) expression which is a mediator for oocyte maturation.Results: Psychological stress by 95 dB/4 hours/day noisy exposure for 5 days significantly increased serum cortisol levels in experimental group(p=0.000) and HSP70 expression (p=0.000). The effect of Increased cortisol levels and HSP70 expression significantly decrease in MPF expression(p=0.000).Conclusion: The study concluded that psychological stress could be seen by increasing cortisol and HSP70 expression affected to decreasing MPFexpression intrafollicula

Curcumin improves growth factors expression of bovine cumulus-oocyte complexes cultured in peritoneal fluid of women with endometriosis

Background: Peritoneal fluid (PF) from infertile women with endometriosis contains inflammatory mediators that may interfere with folliculogenesis. Objective: The aim was to evaluate the effects of curcumin on growth factors expression by evaluating Growth Differentiation Factor-9 (GDF-9), Kit Ligand (KitL), and Tumor Necrosis Factor-9 (GDF-9), Kit Ligand (KitL), and Tumor Necrosis Factor (COC)s cultured with PF from infertile women with endometriosis. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 21 infertile women (aged between 20 and 40 years) who refered to Dr Sutomo Hospital from January to July 2015 were enrolled. COCs were aspirated from antral follicles of bovine ovaries. PF was collected from infertile women with endometriosis undergoing laparoscopy for infertility evaluation. Curcumin, a strong anti-inflammatory turmeric, was added in Tissue Culture Medium 199 (TCM199) and PF for culture medium. Bovine COCs were cultured into three groups of the medium: 1. TCM199, 2. TCM199 + PF, and 3. TCM199 + PF + curcumin. GDF9, KitL, and TNFα expressions were examined using immunohistochemistry technique. Results: GDF-9 expression of bovine COCs cultured in PF with curcumin addition (2.67 ± 0.98) was found to increase compared to those cultured without curcumin (0.50 ± 0.67) (p ≤ 0.001). It was similar to KitL expression of bovine COCs cultured with curcumin (2.67 ± 1.23), which increased compared to those without curcumin (0.33 ± 0.49) (p ≤ 0.001). A significant difference in TNFα expression was noted between groups with or without curcumin (p ≤ 0.001). Conclusion: In the culture of PF from infertile women with endometriosis, curcumin addition improves the growth factors expression of bovine COCs. The increase of GDF9 and KitL expressions will improve folliculogenesis. Key words: Curcumin, Bovine, GDF9, Kit Ligand, TNF

Effect of Metformin on Bcl-2/Bax Expression Ratio and Endometrial Implants: A Mouse Model in Endometriosis Study

Background: Endometriosis is a gynaecological disorder characterised by the presence of endometrial tissue outside the uterine cavity. Apoptosis, regulated by the balance of Bcl-2/Bax, plays an important role in the endometrial improvement. Metformin, an insulin sensitizer that is known to have beneficial effect in the endometriosis treatment, is expected to lower Bcl-2/Bax expression ratio and reduce endometrial implants.Objective: To explore the effect of metformin on the Bcl-2/Bax expression ratio and endometrial implant area of endometriosis-induced mice.Methods: This experimental study used 3-month old 33 BALB/c mice of endometriosis that were randomly and equally divided into three groups (P0, P1, and P2). On the 15th day, the P0 group was first terminated for Bcl-2/Bax examination and the size of endometrial implants. The P1 group was given aquabidest, whereas the P2 group was given metformin 4 mg/day for 14 days. The immunohistochemistry of Bcl-2/Bax expression were performed from cavum abdomen and pelvis peritoneal tissues of the mice and measured by the Remmele Scale Index, whereas the extracted mice’ endometrial implants were analysed with computer tracing method. All data normality test was calculated with Shapiro-Wilk test. The mean difference test of all groups was analysed using the one-way ANOVA test, whereas the mean difference test between groups was completed using the Unpaired T-test (LSD/Least Significance Difference).Results: The Bcl-2/Bax expression ratio and endometrial implant area in the P2 group were significantly lower compared to P0 and P1 (p0.05)Conclusion: Metformin may be a potential effective drug treatment for endometriosis by decreasing Bcl-2/Bax expression ratio and endometrial implants