Development of cassava starch-avicel PH 101 for coprocess diluent of direct compression tablet

Cassava starch is tablet excipient with poor of both flowability and compressibility which can not be used as diluent of direct tablet compression. The purpose of this research was to develop co-process of cassava starch-Avicel PH 101 for diluent of direct compression tablet. To achieve this goal, the thing that has been done are : (1) isolation of cassava starch (2) co-processing of cassava starch-Avicel PH 101 (3) testing of mechanic-physic properties of co-process of cassava starch-Avicel PH 101 (4) evaluation of co-process of cassava starch-Avicel PH 101 as diluent of direct compression tablet. The results indicated that ratio cassava starch-Avicel PH 101 (60:40) provided co-process with the best of mechanical-physical and compression properties. The best of mechanical-physical properties were flowability about 6,70±0,28 g/dt and tapping index about 12,57±1,18.%. The best compression properties of cassava starch-Avicel PH 101 co-process were crushing strength about 4,97±0,23 kp and friability about 0,52±0,03.% with disintegration time and tablet uniformity fulfill with requirement of pharmacopoeia.Key words: cassava starch, Avicel PH 101, co-process, direct compression table

PERAN NEGARA DALAM KETAHANAN PERBANKAN SYARIAH DI MASA PANDEMI COVID-19

Perekonomian nasional bergantung pada gerak aktivitas ekonomi masyarakat. Pandemi COVID-19 telah mengubah gaya hidup hingga melesukan aktivitas perekonomian akibat adanya aturan pembatasan mobilitas masyarakat. Indonesia bahkan resmi resesi pada kuartal ketiga tahun 2020 pada pertumbuhan ekonomi -3.49%. Industri perbankan syariah yang menjadi salah satu lembaga intermediasi keuangan juga ikut terdampak meskipun tidak lebih parah dari perbankan konvensional. Tujuan penulisan artikel ini adalah untuk mengetahui peran negara dalam ketahanan perbankan syariah dimasa pandemi COVID-19. Adapun artikel disusun dengan pendekatan yuridis normatif dengan metode studi kepustakaan (literature review). Hasil pembahasan menunjukkan bahwa perbankan syariah mengalami perkembangan pada kuantitas aset sebesar Rp545,39 Triliun. Meskipun disisi lain operasi perbankan syariah juga mengalami perlambatan pertumbuhan seperti dalam pembiayaan yang disalurkan, dana pihak ketiga, dan kualitas aset, namun pertumbuhan aset perbankan syariah bahkan lebih tinggi yaitu 9,22% daripada perbankan konensional yang hanya tumbuh diangka 5%. Ketahanan perbankan syariah terhadap krisis pandemi COVID-19 ini tidak lepas dari peran negara. Berbagai regulasi yang dikeluarkan mampu menciptakan ketahanan dan bahkan mendorong pertumbuhan perbankan syariah

MELOXICAM SELF-NANOEMULSIFYING DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM: FORMULATION AND RELEASE KINETICS ANALYSIS

Objective: This study aimed to find the best SNEDDS meloxicam formula and analyze the release kinetics of meloxicam SNEDDS and non-SNEDDS using DDSolver.  Methods: Meloxicam SNEDDS was prepared using sunflower seed oil, Cremophor RH 40 as a surfactant, and polyethylene glycol (PEG) 400 as a co-surfactant.  Results: The best formula obtained subjected to the in vitro dissolution study was analyzed using DDSolver. The study shows one selected formula consists of 10% sunflower seed oil, 70% cremophor RH 40, and 20% PEG 400 with a 20.5 nm±12 nm droplet size. The dissolution study showed that SNEDDS could significantly increase the meloxicam release compared to the non-SNEDDS formulation. The kinetics of meloxicam release from SNEDDS formulations follow the Weibull release model (β = 1.00).  Conclusion: This study concludes that SNEDDS best prepared in sunflower seeds oil: Chremophor RH 40: PEG 400 ratio of 1: 7: 2 and has the potency to increase the solubility and dissolution of meloxicam

Phase Diagram and Thermodynamic Properties of Ketoprofen-Succinic Acid Binary Mixtures

The equilibrium phase diagram and thermodynamic properties of a mixture of drugs and additives are information related to various possible interaction processes between components. Therefore, we conducted a study of the phase diagrams and thermodynamic properties of binary mixtures of ketoprofen-succinic acid to estimate the types of interactions that may occur between these materials. The solid-liquid phase diagram of ketoprofen-succinic acid binary mixtures was determined by differential scanning calorimetry and composition of eutectic system was determined accurately using a Tamman diagram. The measurement of binary mixtures of ketoprofen-succinic acid with differential scanning calorimeter obtained the value of melting temperature and heat of fusion of ketoprofen- succinic acid system. The solid-liquid phase diagram of ketoprofen- succinic acid showed the formation of eutectic type phase diagram. The Tamman diagram showed accurately composition of the eutectic system of the Kp-SA binary mixtures at the mole fraction of Kp 0.87 and temperature 96.9oC.Keywords: ketoprofen, phase diagram, eutectic system, Tamman diagra

HUBUNGAN ANTARA CITRA TUBUH DAN HARGA DIRI PADA REMAJA AKHIR PENYANDANG CACAT TUNA DAKSA

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara citra tubuh dan harga diri pada remaja akhir penyandang cacat tuna daksa yang berada di Balai Besar Rehabilitasi Sosial Bina Daksa (BBRSBD) Prof. Dr Soeharso Surakarta. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah remaja akhir penyandang cacat tuna daksa yang berjumlah 50 orang. Metode pengambilan sampel yang digunakan yaitu teknik sampel jenuh. Alat ukur yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari 2 skala, yaitu skala citra tubuh dan skala harga diri. Skala citra tubuh terdiri dari 26 aitem pernyataan, koefisisen korelasi skor bergerak dari 0.333 – 0.795 dengan reliabilitas 0.934. Skala harga diri terdiri dari 35 aitem pernyataan, koefisien korelasi skor aitem total bergerak dari 0.339 – 0.744  dengan reliabilitas 0.935 Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa ada hubungan yang sangat signifikan antara citra tubuh dengan harga diri pada remaja akhir penyandang cacat tuna daksa, yaitu diketahui  rxy = 0,712 dengan p =0,000 (p <0,01). Sumbangan efektif citra tubuh  terhadap harga diri sebesar 50.8% sedangkan 49.2% merupakan kontribusi dari faktor-faktor lain. Analisis data menggunakan analisis product moment

Co-processing of the arrowroot-chitosan by spray drying

Starch is one of the most widely used excipient in the manufacture of solid dosage forms. One of few problems associated with starch is its poor flowability so  can’t  used  as  excipient  in  direct  compression  tablet.  The  purpose  of  these studies  was  to  develop  of  the  arrowroot  starch  for  use  as  excipient  in  direct compression  tablet.  The  arrowroot  starch  was  co-processing  with  chitosan  by spray  drying.  The  suspension  of  arrowroot  starch-chitosan  for  feed  in  spray drying were prepared with three different ratios (1:1, 2:1 and 3:1). The product of  co-processing  were  evaluated  for  morphology,  moisture  content,  viscosity, angle  of  repose,  flow  rate  of  granules,  bulk  density,  tapped  density  and  Carr’s index.  Results  showed  that  co-process  excipient  of  arrowroot  starch-chitosan have  spherical  in  shape,  moisture  content  in  the  range  of  4.70–5.10  % w/w, viscosity  in  the  range  of   1.77-2.17  mPas,  angle  of repose  was  found  to  be  &lt; 380, flow rate of granules in the range of 1,5 – 4,0 g/s, bulk density in the range of  0.47-0.59 g/mL,  tapped  density  in  the  range of 0.59–0.79  g/mL  l and Carr’s index in the range of 19.03-25.08 %.Key words: arrowroot starch, co-process excipient, direct compressio

Analisis Stabilitas Pipa "Flowline" Fleksibel Bawah Laut: Studi Kasus Platform A Menuju Platform B PT. X

Pada transportasi hasil minyak dan gas, pipa bawah laut adalah salah satu moda yang banyak digunakan. Pada penggunaan pipa bawah laut stabilitas menjadi hal yang harus diperhatikan. Stabilitas pipa bawah laut sangat diperlukan baik saat kondisi instalasi maupun kondisi operasi. Pipa bawah laut yang digunakan harus mampu menahan beban lingkungan terutama gelombang dan arus laut. Pada tugas akhir dilakukan analisis stabilitas pipa fleksibel bawah laut berdarkan DNV RP F109 tentang “On-Bottom Stability Design of Submarine Pipelines”. Analisis yang dilakukan meliputi analisis Stabilitas Lateral dan Stabilitas Vertikal. Berdasarkan analisis stabilitas, pipa bawah laut dapat dikatakan stabil apabila memiliki nilai factor keamanan kurang dari atau sama dengan 1, baik stabilitas vertikal maupun lateral. Selain itu pipa bawah laut dikatakan stabil apabila pergerakan lateralnya kurang dari 0.5 kali diameter untuk zona 2, dan 10 kali diameter untuk zona 1 sesuai dengan DNV RP F109. Besar gaya hidrodinamis arah horizontal pada kondisi instalasi adalah 4,77 N/m dan pada kondisi operasi adalah 23,31 N/m. Besar gaya hidrodinamis vertikal pada kondisi instalasi adalah 4,39 N/m dan pada kondisi operasi adalah 35,06 N/m. Hasil analisis stabilitas pipa menunjukkan bahwa dengan konfigurasi pemberat dengan jarak 10 meter dan massa concrete weight 663 kg pada tiap titiknya, memiliki kriteria desain vertikal 0,328 dan kriteria desain lateral 0,076. Dari hasil simulasi dinamis menggunakan OrcaFlex didapatkan nilai pergerakan lateral maksimum 32mm pada zona 1 dan 33,4mm pada zona 2. Sesuai DNV RP F109 konfigurasi ini memenuhi kriteria stabilitas dan pipa dapat dikatakan stabil. =========================================================================================================== In oil and gas transportation, offshore pipelines are one of the most widely used modes. On the use of offshore pipeline, stability becomes a thing to be considered. Offshore pipeline stability is necessary both during installation and operating conditions. Offshore pipeline must be able to withstand environmental loads, especially waves and ocean currents. In this final project, offshore flexible pipeline stability analysis undertaken under DNV RP F109 “On-Bottom Stability Design of Submarine Pipelines". The analyzes include Vertical Stability and Lateral Stability Analysis. Based on the stability analysis, the offshore pipeline can be said to be stable if it has a safety factor value of less than or equal to 1, both in vertical and lateral stability. In addition, subsea pipes are said to be stable if their lateral movement is less than 0.5 times the diameter for zone 2, and 10 times the diameter for zone 1 corresponds to DNV RP F109. Hydrodynamic force horizontal direction at installation condition is 4.77 N / m and at operating condition is 23.31 N / m. The vertical hydrodynamic force under installation conditions is 4.39 N / m and under operating conditions is 33.06 N / m. The results of pipe stability analysis showed that with the ballast configuration with a distance of 10 meters and mass concrete weight of 663 kg at each point, has a vertical design criterion of 0.328 and a lateral design criterion of 0.076. From the dynamic simulation result using OrcaFlex obtained the maximum 32mm lateral movement value at zone 1 and 33.4mm in zone 2. As per DNV RP F109 this configuration fulfill stability criteria and pipe can be said stable

ALIH KODE DAN CAMPUR KODE DALAM TUTURAN KOMENTATOR “GOJEK TRAVELOKA LIGA 1”

Wicaksono, Dwi Yudi. 2018. “ Code Switching and Code Mixing in Comentator Speech on Gojek Traveloka Liga 1”. Research Paper. Faculty of Humanities, Diponegoro University, Semarang. The first supervisor Drs. Ary Setyadi, M.S. and the second supervisor Drs. Hermintoyo, M.Pd. The discovery of languange deviations which can be categorized as Code switching and code mixing is the background of this research. The purpose of this research was to describe the form, type, and the causes of code switching and code mixing in comentator speech on Gojek Traveloka Liga 1. This research used descriptive qualitative method. Data were collected using recorded and noted technique. This research data are comentator speech that contain elements of code mixing in Gojek Traveloka Liga 1 match broadcast. The match that took place was PSM Makassar-Semen Padang and Persib Bandung-Semen Padang. The result of the code mixing research contained in the comentator speech on Gojek Traveloka Liga 1 are: (1) code mixing forms include insertions in the form of words, phrases, baster, and abbreviation; (2) type of code mixing includes internal code mixing and external code mixing. Internal code mixing in this research includes the insertion of Javanese language elements, while the external code mixing includes the insertion of English language; (3) causal code mixing factors include the desire of comentator to show his knowledge, informal situations had an impact to comentator to used informal language, limitations of the expression language in the language being used that requires an expression of a foreign language, and component consisted by setting and scene, participants, ends, act sequences, key, instrumentalities, norm of interaction, and genre. Keywords: code switching, code mixing, comentator, gojek traveloka liga 1

Pengaruh leverage, likuiditas, profitabilitas dan pertumbuhan penjualan terhadap financial Distress sektor properti dan real Estate yang terdaftar di bei

Financial distress is information about the decline in financial conditions that occurred before the bankruptcy in the company’s. Factors that influences the financial distress are leverage, liquidity, profitability and sales growth. This study analyzed the effect of leverage, liquidity, profitability and sales growth. The subjects of this study consist of property and real estate companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in the period 2013-2017 selected by census sampling. The method of analysis in this study using logistic regression. The result of regression analysis is profitability significant effect to financial distress, leverage significant to financial distress, liquidity significant to financial distress, and sales growth didn’t significant to financial distress. Keywords : Financial Distress, Leverage, Liquidity, Profitability, Sales Growt