1,162 research outputs found
Polarization perception device
A polarization perception device comprises a base and a polarizing filter having opposite broad sides and a centerline perpendicular thereto. The filter is mounted on the base for relative rotation and with a major portion of the area of the filter substantially unobstructed on either side. A motor on the base automatically moves the filter angularly about its centerline at a speed slow enough to permit changes in light transmission by virtue of such movement to be perceived as light-dark pulses by a human observer, but fast enough so that the light phase of each such pulse occurs prior to fading of the light phase image of the preceding pulse from the observer's retina. In addition to an observer viewing a scene in real time through the filter while it is so angularly moved, or instead of such observation, the scene can be photographed, filmed or taped by a camera whose lens is positioned behind the filter
Polarization Perception Device
A polarization perception device comprises a base and a polarizing filter having opposite broad sides and a centerline perpendicular thereto. The filter is mounted on the base for relative rotation and with a major portion of the area of the filter substantially unobstructed on either side. A motor on the base automatically moves the filter angularly about its centerline at a speed slow enough to permit changes in light transmission by virtue of such movement to be perceived as light-dark pulses by a human observer, but fast enough so that the light phase of each such pulse occurs prior to fading of the light phase image of the preceding pulse from the observer's retina. In addition to an observer viewing a scene in real time through the filter while it is so angularly moved, or instead of such observation, the scene can be photographed, filmed or taped by a camera whose lens is positioned behind the filter
Some effects produced by the action of eddy viscosity on the semidiurnal tidal wind near the mesopause /
Performance Differences in High Intensity Training Participants
High intensity training has become increasingly popular over the last 20 years with the advent of well-known training regimens such as P90X, CrossFit, Beachbody, PiYo, and Camp Gladiator. As such, it is important to understand the differences among individuals who participate in high intensity training. PURPOSE: The purpose of this research was to examine differences in Functional Movement Screen (FMS) scores, strength, power, and dynamic exercise in a cohort of male and female high intensity trained athletes (HIT). METHODS: A total of thirty participants (males, n=15; and females, n=15) (mean ± SD; age = 30.7 ± 9.9 years) with minimum two-years of HIT experience were recruited to participate in this study. On the first day of data collection each subject provided informed consent and then participated in a height and weight measurement, body composition measurement (7-site skinfold), FMS screening, and 1-Repetition Maximal (1-RM) lifts for deadlift (DL), shoulder press (SP), and power clean (PC). A minimum of 5 days later each subject performed a standardized test of dynamic exercise (DE) that involved performing as many repetitions as possible of 5 pullups, 10 pushups, and 15 unloaded squats in 20 minutes. Mann-Whitney U tests were performed to compare differences between the males and females for FMS scores and ANOVA was used to determine differences between the males and females for all other variables with p £ 0.05 for all analysis. RESULTS: Results of the Mann-Whitney tests comparing FMS scores between males and females indicated that the females had higher straight leg raise (SLR) scores (2.9 vs. 2.1, p= 0.001) and sum of all scores (FMSSUM) (16.9 vs. 15.4, p = 0.045) than the males. Results of the ANOVA indicated that the males demonstrated greater muscular strength per kilogram of body weight on the DL (1.99 vs. 1.65 kg/kgBW, p = 0.007) and the SP (0.833 vs. 0.513 kg/kgBW, p \u3c 0.001) exercises. Results of the ANOVA also indicated that the males demonstrated greater muscular power per kilogram of body weight on the PC (1.146 vs. 0.766, p \u3c 0.001) exercise. There was no statistically significant difference between groups for DE. CONCLUSION: The findings of this study support the need for a greater emphasis on mobility training, specifically the hips, for males that participate in high intensity training. Performance differences were shown between the genders for maximal muscular strength and power but not for dynamic exercise. These results indicate that these differences should be considered when designing training programs for maximal muscular strength and power training but same sport athletes of different gender could participate in the same dynamic exercise programming
Effects of Anosognosia on Perceived Stress and Cortisol Levels in Alzheimer's Disease
Anosognosia, or unawareness of one's own cognitive deficits, may cause issues when measuring perceived stress and cortisol levels in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI). The goal of this study was to examine the effects of anosognosia on perceived stress and salivary cortisol levels in normal elderly (NE) adults, MCI individuals, newly diagnosed AD patients, and long-lasting AD patients, suspected to show more anosognosia. An anosognosia index for perceived stress was computed by subtracting the score on the Perceived Stress Scale measured in the participants and their relative. Cortisol levels were measured four times a day over two nonconsecutive days. Greater anosognosia for dementia correlated with greater anosognosia for perceived stress in the group as a whole. However, no correlation between cortisol levels and either anosognosia for dementia or perceived stress was observed. Our results suggest that measuring perceived stress in AD patients may be influenced by anosognosia
Ramified rectilinear polygons: coordinatization by dendrons
Simple rectilinear polygons (i.e. rectilinear polygons without holes or
cutpoints) can be regarded as finite rectangular cell complexes coordinatized
by two finite dendrons. The intrinsic -metric is thus inherited from the
product of the two finite dendrons via an isometric embedding. The rectangular
cell complexes that share this same embedding property are called ramified
rectilinear polygons. The links of vertices in these cell complexes may be
arbitrary bipartite graphs, in contrast to simple rectilinear polygons where
the links of points are either 4-cycles or paths of length at most 3. Ramified
rectilinear polygons are particular instances of rectangular complexes obtained
from cube-free median graphs, or equivalently simply connected rectangular
complexes with triangle-free links. The underlying graphs of finite ramified
rectilinear polygons can be recognized among graphs in linear time by a
Lexicographic Breadth-First-Search. Whereas the symmetry of a simple
rectilinear polygon is very restricted (with automorphism group being a
subgroup of the dihedral group ), ramified rectilinear polygons are
universal: every finite group is the automorphism group of some ramified
rectilinear polygon.Comment: 27 pages, 6 figure
Spatial variation in the fine-structure constant -- new results from VLT/UVES
(abridged) We present a new analysis of a large sample of quasar
absorption-line spectra obtained using UVES (the Ultraviolet and Visual Echelle
Spectrograph) on the VLT (Very Large Telescope) in Chile. In the VLT sample
(154 absorbers), we find evidence that alpha increases with increasing
cosmological distance from Earth. However, as previously shown, the Keck sample
(141 absorbers) provided evidence for a smaller alpha in the distant absorption
clouds. Upon combining the samples an apparent variation of alpha across the
sky emerges which is well represented by an angular dipole model pointing in
the direction RA=(17.3 +/- 1.0) hr, dec. = (-61 +/- 10) deg, with amplitude
(0.97 +0.22/-0.20) x 10^(-5). The dipole model is required at the 4.1 sigma
statistical significance level over a simple monopole model where alpha is the
same across the sky (but possibly different to the current laboratory value).
The data sets reveal a number of remarkable consistencies: various data cuts
are consistent and there is consistency in the overlap region of the Keck and
VLT samples. Assuming a dipole-only (i.e. no-monopole) model whose amplitude
grows proportionally with `lookback-time distance' (r=ct, where t is the
lookback time), the amplitude is (1.1 +/- 0.2) x 10^(-6) GLyr^(-1) and the
model is significant at the 4.2 sigma confidence level over the null model
[Delta alpha]/alpha = 0). We apply robustness checks and demonstrate that the
dipole effect does not originate from a small subset of the absorbers or
spectra. We present an analysis of systematic effects, and are unable to
identify any single systematic effect which can emulate the observed variation
in alpha.Comment: 47 pages, 35 figures. Accepted for publication by Monthly Notices of
the Royal Astronomical Society. Please see
http://astronomy.swin.edu.au/~mmurphy/pub.html for an ASCII version of table
A1 and the full set of Voigt profile fits for appendix
RITUAL, TIME, AND ENTERNITY
It is argued here that the construction of time and eternity are among ritual's entailments. In dividing continuous duration into distinct periods ritual distinguishes two temporal conditions: (1) that prevailing in mundane periods and (2) that prevailing during the intervals between them. Differences in the frequency, length, and relationship among the rituals constituting different liturgical orders are considered, as are differences between mundane periods and ritual's intervals with respect to social relations, cognitive modes, meaningfulness, and typical interactive frequencies. Periods, it is observed, relate to intervals as everchanging to never-changing, and close relationships of never changing to eternity, eternity to sanctity, and sanctity to truth are proposed. In the argument that ritual's “times out of time” really are outside mundane time, similarities to the operations of digital computers and Herbert Simon's discussion of interaction frequencies in the organization of matter are noted.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/72989/1/j.1467-9744.1992.tb00996.x.pd
A transcriptomic snapshot of early molecular communication between Pasteuria penetrans and Meloidogyne incognita
© The Author(s). 2018Background: Southern root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid and White, 1919), Chitwood, 1949 is a key pest of agricultural crops. Pasteuria penetrans is a hyperparasitic bacterium capable of suppressing the nematode reproduction, and represents a typical coevolved pathogen-hyperparasite system. Attachment of Pasteuria endospores to the cuticle of second-stage nematode juveniles is the first and pivotal step in the bacterial infection. RNA-Seq was used to understand the early transcriptional response of the root-knot nematode at 8 h post Pasteuria endospore attachment. Results: A total of 52,485 transcripts were assembled from the high quality (HQ) reads, out of which 582 transcripts were found differentially expressed in the Pasteuria endospore encumbered J2 s, of which 229 were up-regulated and 353 were down-regulated. Pasteuria infection caused a suppression of the protein synthesis machinery of the nematode. Several of the differentially expressed transcripts were putatively involved in nematode innate immunity, signaling, stress responses, endospore attachment process and post-attachment behavioral modification of the juveniles. The expression profiles of fifteen selected transcripts were validated to be true by the qRT PCR. RNAi based silencing of transcripts coding for fructose bisphosphate aldolase and glucosyl transferase caused a reduction in endospore attachment as compared to the controls, whereas, silencing of aspartic protease and ubiquitin coding transcripts resulted in higher incidence of endospore attachment on the nematode cuticle. Conclusions: Here we provide evidence of an early transcriptional response by the nematode upon infection by Pasteuria prior to root invasion. We found that adhesion of Pasteuria endospores to the cuticle induced a down-regulated protein response in the nematode. In addition, we show that fructose bisphosphate aldolase, glucosyl transferase, aspartic protease and ubiquitin coding transcripts are involved in modulating the endospore attachment on the nematode cuticle. Our results add new and significant information to the existing knowledge on early molecular interaction between M. incognita and P. penetrans.Peer reviewedFinal Published versio
The Problem of Experience in the Study of Organizations
This paper deals with the fact that we cannot experience large organizations directly, in the same way as we can experience individuals or small groups, and that this non-experientiability has certain implications for our scientific theories of organizations. Whereas a science is animated by a constructive interplay of theory concepts and experience concepts, the study of organizations has been confined to theory concepts alone. Implications of this analysis for developing a science of organizations are considered.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/68303/2/10.1177_017084069301400102.pd
- …