454 research outputs found
Magnetic impurity resonance states and symmetry of the superconducting order parameter in iron-based superconductors
We investigate the effect of magnetic impurities on the local quasiparticle
density of states (LDOS) in iron-based superconductors. Employing the
two-orbital model where 3 electron and hole conduction bands are hybridizing
with the localized -orbital of the impurity spin, we investigate how various
symmetries of the superconducting gap and its nodal structure influence the
quasiparticle excitations and impurity bound states. We show that the bound
states behave qualitatively different for each symmetry. Most importantly we
find that the impurity-induced bound states can be used to identify the nodal
structure of the extended s-wave symmetry () that is actively
discussed in ferropnictides.Comment: 7 pages, 5 figures, theory part is extended, figures are replace
Neither predator nor prey:What trafficking discourses miss about masculinities, mobility and work
Within trafficking discourses, men appear as predatory and exploitative, while boys appear as victims. This flattens the complexities of social life and obscures the ways that constructs of masculinity frame the trajectories of labour migrants and their brokers. This article challenges those discourses, drawing on research with two groups of labour migrants characterized as âvictims of traffickingâ, as well as with âtraffickersâ who help them to move and work. The first are adolescents moving from Benin to the gravel quarries of Abeokuta, Nigeria. The second are adults from across West Africa who have made the illegal journey to Italy, where they live in âghettosâ and work as gang labourers on harvests. In each case, migrants and their brokers come from the same or similar communities; (shared) ideals of masculinity structure their mobility and labour. Gendered transitions towards adulthood, the pressure to attain riches and status and a duty of responsibility to those younger and less successful are important. A focus on their masculinities takes us beyond âvictim-perpetratorâ dyads.</p
Off-street sex workers and victim-orientated policymaking at the local level: Denial of agency and consequences of victimhood
UDP-glucose promotes neutrophil recruitment in the lung
In addition to their role in glycosylation reactions, UDP-sugars are released from cells and activate widely distributed cell surface P2Y 14 receptors (P2Y 14 R). However, the physiological/pathophysiological consequences of UDP-sugar release are incompletely defined. Here, we report that UDP-glucose levels are abnormally elevated in lung secretions from patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) as well as in a mouse model of CF-like disease, the ÎČENaC transgenic (Tg) mouse. Instillation of UDP-glucose into wild-type mouse tracheas resulted in enhanced neutrophil lung recruitment, and this effect was nearly abolished when UDP-glucose was co-instilled with the P2Y 14 R antagonist PPTN [4-(piperidin-4-yl)-phenyl)-7-(4-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl-2-naphthoic acid]. Importantly, administration of PPTN to ÎČENaC-Tg mice reduced neutrophil lung inflammation. These results suggest that UDP-glucose released into the airways acts as a local mediator of neutrophil inflammation
Secret seducers - True tales of pimps in the red light district of Amsterdam
At the end of the 1990s, a moral panic erupted in the Netherlands about the phenomenon of what came to be known as 'loverboys'. The suspicion was that a growing number of Dutch girls were being groomed by handsome young men who employed all sorts of devious methods to prepare their girlfriends for life as a prostitute. Stories about a new generation of pimps, often of Moroccan origin, regularly appeared in the Dutch media. In this article, based on ethnographic fieldwork on pimps operating in the red-light district of Amsterdam, we describe the ways in which these young men operate and how they justify their behaviour. On the basis of empirical research we intend to present a more realistic picture of what goes on in the prostitution industry and highlight the discrepancy between what is reported in the media and what is actually happening in the prostitution sector. We also examine the background to the moral panic about loverboys and the ways in which these young men were supposedly able to induce many young girls into becoming prostitutes
Female Perpetrators in Internal Child Trafficking in China: An empirical study
Through an empirical study, this article explores the overall profile of female traffickers of children in China and their role and performance in the trafficking processes. Its contribution to the human-trafficking literature lies in its focus on female perpetrators in particular. The article provides an overview of the international literature on female traffickers as well as contemporary knowledge about internal child trafficking in China. Empirical data from incarcerated traffickers suggest that portraying female traffickers as active players of criminal networks obscures the structural problems affecting female child traffickers. The short-term result is that the problems of female offenders are ignored, and the long-term impact is policy making that is disconnected from the lived experiences of an important population. From a gender perspective, this study suggests that female child traffickers are offenders as well as victims of social and gender inequalities in Chinaâs reform era. This study also proposes that internal child trafficking in China should be brought in the international and Anglo-American debates surrounding human trafficking
On our own terms : the working conditions of internet-based sex workers in the UK
The sex industry is increasingly operated through online technologies, whether this is selling services online through webcam or advertising, marketing or organising sex work through the Internet and digital technologies. Using data from a survey of 240 internet-based sex workers (members of the National Ugly Mug reporting scheme in the UK), we discuss the working conditions of this type of work. We look at the basic working patterns, trajectories and everyday experiences of doing sex work via an online medium and the impact this has on the lives of sex workers. For instance, we look at levels of control individuals have over their working conditions, prices, clientele and services sold, and discuss how this is mediated online and placed in relation to job satisfaction. The second key finding is the experience of different forms of crimes individuals are exposed to such as harassment and blackmail via the new technologies. We explore the relationship internet-based sex workers have with the police and discuss how current laws in the UK have detrimental effects in terms of safety and access to justice. These findings are placed in the context of the changing landscape of sex markets as the digital turn determines the nature of the majority of commercial sex encounters. These findings contribute significantly to the populist coercion/choice political debates by demonstrating levels and types of agency and autonomy experienced by some sex workers despite working in a criminalized, precarious and sometimes dangerous context
Experiencing stigma as sex work researchers in professional and personal lives
Researchers have demonstrated the challenges associated with sex work research; negotiating the stigma attached to its subject matter, the perceived dangerousness of participants, and the barriers faced in reaching hidden populations. By reflecting upon our separate research experiences and drawing upon a body of reflexive sex work research, this article explores how, as sex work researchers, we experienced stigma not only in our professional roles as researchers, but also in our personal lives. We apply Goffman's (1968) notion of stigma by association; and consider how stigma often associated with prostitution became transposed onto us. In particular, we compare and contrast our separate experiences of conducting sex work research to demonstrate our similar experiences of stigma by association
Just married: the synergy between feminist criminology and the Tripartite Cybercrime Framework
This article is a theoretical treatment of feminist epistemology of crime, which advocates the centrality of gender as a theoretical starting point for the investigating of digital crimes. It does so by exploring the synergy between the feminist perspectives and the Tripartite Cybercrime Framework (TCF) (which argues that three possible factors motivate cybercrimes â socioeconomic, psychosocial, and geopolitical) to critique mainstream criminology and the meaning of the term âcybercrimeâ. Additionally, the article examines gender gaps in online harassment, cyberâbullying, cyberâfraud, revenge porn, and cyberâstalking to demonstrate that who is victimised, why, and to what effect are the critical starting points for the analysis of the connections between gender and crimes. In turn, it uses the lens of intersectionality to acknowledge that, while conceptions of gender and crime interact, they intersect with other categories (e.g., sexuality) to provide additional layers of explanation. To nuance the utilitarian value of the synergy between the TCF and the feminist perspectives, the focus shifts to a recent case study (which compared socioeconomic and psychosocial cybercrimes). The article concludes that, while online and offline lives are inextricably intertwined, the victimisations in psychosocial cybercrimes may be more gendered than in socioeconomic cybercrimes. These contributions align the TCF to the feminist epistemology of crime in their attempt to move gender analysis of digital crimes âfrom margin to centreâ
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