Dickey-Lincoln School Lakes Project Environmental Impact Statement: Appendix H: Noise Impact Assessment

The overall project area can be described as a very quiet natural area remote from any major industrial activity, but subject to high traffic noise levels along the main road. Noise sensitive areas consist of low density residential areas in the villages and widely spaced residences along the main road. The estimated yearly average Ldn for all noise sensitive areas 1s 60 dB due to the close proximity of traffic to all residences. The yearly average Ldn decreases to 40 dB at 600 ft from the main road, and to 30 dB 1n the timberland areas

Recent shifts in coastline change and shoreline stabilization linked to storm climate change

Because cuspate coastlines are especially sensitive to changes in wave climate, they serve as potential indicators of initial responses to changing wave conditions. Previous work demonstrates that Cape Hatteras and Cape Lookout, NC, which are largely unaffected by shoreline stabilization efforts, have become increasingly asymmetric over the past 30 years, consistent with model predictions for coastline response to increases in Atlantic Ocean summer wave heights and resulting changes in the distribution of wave-approach angles. Historic and recent shoreline change observations for Cape Fear, North Carolina, and model simulations of coastline response to an increasingly asymmetric wave climate in the presence of beach nourishment, produce comparable differences in shoreline change rates in response to changes in wave climate. Results suggest that the effect of beach nourishment is to compensate for—and therefore to mask—natural responses to wave climate change that might otherwise be discernible in patterns of shoreline change alone. Therefore, this case study suggests that the effects of wave climate change on human-modified coastlines may be detectable in the spatial and temporal patterns of shoreline stabilization activities. Similar analyses of cuspate features in areas where the change in wave climate is less pronounced (i.e., Fishing Point, Maryland/Virginia) and where local geology appears to exert control on coastline shape (i.e., Cape Canaveral, Florida), suggest that changes in shoreline configuration that may be arising from shifting wave climate are currently limited to sandy wave-dominated coastlines where the change in wave climate has been most pronounced. However, if hurricane-generated wave heights continue to increase, large-scale shifts in patterns of erosion and accretion will likely extend beyond sensitive cuspate features as the larger-scale coastline shape comes into equilibrium with changing wave conditions

Immunological Response of Three Mouse Strains to Typhoid Vaccine and Vi Antigen

Vi-agglutinin, active cutaneous anaphylaxis and protective responses (ed(50)) of three mouse strains (CFW, NIH, and Balb/cAnN) to acetone-inactivated typhoid vaccine and soluble Vi antigen were compared. Seven days after immunization with either typhoid vaccine or Vi antigen the three strains of mice differed with respect to Vi-antibody titers. Significant differences were observed in the protective responses. Each mouse strain was significantly better protected by the intraperitoneal than by subcutaneous route of immunization. Active cutaneous anaphylaxis was more pronounced in showing strain differences in response to Vi antigen. The serological responses to Vi antigen of the strains of mice did not correlate with their protective response