DURABILITY OF RUNNING SHOES WITH EVA AND PU MIDSOLE

Running shoes may play an important role in preventing injuries by absorbing external shock due to ground impact (Cook et al., 1990; Verdejo and Mills, 2004). Shoe age maybe an important factor in running injuries. One prospective study showed that running injury was associated with shoe age (Taunton et al., 2003). In recent years, different types of foam materials have been developed for running shoe midsoles. Two common types of foam materials, Ethylene Vinyl Acetate (EVA) and Polyurethane (PU), are now widely used in running shoe midsoles. The purpose of the present study was to examine the durability of running shoes with common types of EVA and PU midsole materials

Impurity state in the vortex core of d-wave superconductors: Anderson impurity model versus unitary impurity model

Using an extended Anderson/Kondo impurity model to describe the magnetic moments around an impurity doped in high-$T_{\text{c}}$ d-wave cuprates and in the framework of the slave-boson meanfield approach, we study numerically the impurity state in the vortex core by exact diagonalization of the well-established Bogoliubov-de Gennes equations. The low-energy impurity state is found to be good agreement with scanning tunnelingmicroscopy observation. After pinning a vortex on the impurity site, we compare the unitary impurity model with the extended Anderson impurity model by examining the effect of the magnetic field on the impurity state. We find that the impurity resonance in the unitary impurity model is strongly suppressed by the vortex; while it is insensitive to the field in the extended Anderson impurity model.Comment: 8 pages, 3 figure

Naringin supplementation affects performance, carcass traits, meat quality and oxidative stability of finishing pigs

Naringin is a major flavanone derivate that has many important biological functions in animals. However, its effect on pigs is unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of naringin supplementation on performance, carcass traits, meat quality and oxidative stability in finishing pigs. Ninety-six pigs, with an average initial body weight of 66.2 ± 0.63 kg, were randomly divided into four groups. One group was fed a basal diet without supplementation (control), and the three others were fed diets supplemented with 0.5, 1.0 or 1.5 g naringin /kg DM of feed for 50 days. Each treatment was replicated six times with four pigs per replicate. Feed and water were available ad libitum. The 0.5 g/kg naringin treatment group had an improved loin eye muscle area, reduced serum triglycerides and were leaner compared with the other groups. Pigs in the 1.5 g/kg naringin treatment had higher pH45min values and inosine monophosphate concentrations, and lower MyHC IIb mRNA expression in muscle than the other groups. MyHC IIa mRNA expression was significantly up-regulated in all naringin-supplemented diet groups. Naringin significantly increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and total anti-oxidative capacity in meat, as well as SOD and glutathione peroxidase activity in the liver. These results indicate that the dietary addition of naringin at 0.5 g/kg improved carcass characteristics, while 1.5 g/kg improved the oxidative stability and pork quality in finishing pigs. Keywords: antioxidant capacity; carcass characteristics; naringin-supplemented diets; pork qualit

Sorption of Eu(III) on Attapulgite Studied by Batch, XPS and EXAFS Techniques.

The effects of pH, ionic strength and temperature on sorption of Eu(III) on attapulgite were investigated in the presence and absence of fulvic acid (FA) and humic acid (HA). The results indicated that the sorption of Eu(III) on attapulgite was strongly dependent on pH and ionic strength, and independent of temperature. In the presence of FA/HA, Eu(III) sorption was enhanced at pH 7. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis suggested that the sorption of Eu(III) might be expressed as ≡X3Eu0 ≡SwOHEu3+ and ≡SOEu-OOC-/HA in the ternary Eu/HA/attapulgite system. The extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) analysis of Eu-HA complexes indicated that the distances of d(Eu-O) decreased from 2.451 to 2.360 Å with increasing pH from 1.76 to 9.50, whereas the coordination number (N) decreased from ~9.94 to ~8.56. Different complexation species were also found for the different addition sequences of HA and Eu(III) to attapulgite suspension. The results are important to understand the influence of humic substances on Eu(III) behavior in the natural environment

Impactos del riego con aguas cloacales en las propiedades del suelo de una granja en China: Una revisión

El agua limpia es un recurso valioso y juega un rol importante en mantener los desarrollos económico y social. La limitación de recursos hídricos ciertamente no permitirá un desarrollo sostenible de las industrias básicas en China en un futuro cercano, considerando su gran población y potencial de consumo. La aplicación de aguas cloacales, hasta cierto punto, se observó como un camino alternativo para resolver el problema de la escasez de agua en agricultura en algunas áreas (tales como en el Norte de China). Sin embargo, acompañado con una implementación extensiva de riego con aguas cloacales, algunos problemas se hicieron obvios, especialmente aquellos relacionados con la contaminación y destrucción de granjas. En este manuscrito se revisaron los efectos del riego con aguas cloacales en granjas en China sobre algunas características físicas (densidad aparente del suelo, resistencia del suelo a la penetración y capacidad de campo), químicas (pH, materia orgánica del suelo, nitrógeno, fósforo, potasio, metales pesados y contaminantes orgánicos) y biológicas de suelo (microorganismos del suelo, y actividad enzimática). Esto se basó en el grado actual de utilización del riego con aguas cloacales de las granjas de China. Se propusieron algunas sugerencias posibles con respecto a las perspectivas de desarrollo en el futuro. Esta revisión será benéfica para promover un desarrollo saludable del riego con aguas cloacales y proveer un apoyo teórico para el reclamo y un gran uso eficiente de los efluentes en China.Fresh water is a valuable nonrenewable resource and plays an important role in maintaining economic and social development. Considering its large population and consumption potential, water resource deficits will certainly not allow a sustainable development of basic industries in China in the near future. Application of sewage irrigation, to some extent, was regarded as an alternative way to solve the problem of agricultural water shortage in some areas (such as North China). However, accompanied with an extensive implementation of sewage irrigation, some problems with sewage irrigation became gradually obvious in agriculture, especially those related with pollution and destruction of farmlands. In this paper, the effects of sewage irrigation on soil physical (soil bulk density, soil resistance to penetration and field capacity), chemical (pH, soil organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, heavy metal and organic pollutants) and biological characteristics (soil microorganisms and enzyme activities) were systematically reviewed on farmlands in China, based on the current utilization status of China’s farmland sewage irrigation. Some feasible suggestions were put forward to the development prospects in the future. This review will be beneficial for promoting a healthy development of sewage irrigation and providing a theoretical support for reclamation and a high efficiency use of effluents in China.Fil: Li, Q.K.. Yellow River Conservancy Commission. Yellow River Institute of Hydraulic Research; ChinaFil: Tang, J.. Henan Institute of Science and Technology. School of Resource and Environment ; ChinaFil: Wang, T.. Henan Bureau of Geo-Exploration & Mineral Development. Third Institute of Geo-exploration Institute; ChinaFil: Wu, D.. Henan Institute of Science and Technology. School of Resource and Environment ; ChinaFil: Busso, Carlos Alberto. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Centro de Recursos Naturales Renovables de la Zona Semiárida. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Centro de Recursos Naturales Renovables de la Zona Semiárida; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Agronomía; ArgentinaFil: Jiao, R.F.. Henan Institute of Science and Technology. School of Resource and Environment ; ChinaFil: Ren, J.X.. Henan Institute of Science and Technology. School of Resource and Environment ; Chin

Thermodynamic properties of the d-density wave order in cuprates

We solve a popular effective Hamiltonian of competing $d$-density wave and d-wave superconductivity orders self-consistently at the mean-field level for a wide range of doping and temperature. The theory predicts a temperature dependence of the $d$-density wave order parameter seemingly inconsistent with the neutron scattering and $\mu$SR experiments of the cuprates. We further calculate thermodynamic quantities, such as chemical potential, entropy and specific heat. Their distinct features can be used to test the existence of the $d$-density wave order in cuprates.Comment: changed to 4 pages and 4 figures. More reference added. Accepted by Phys. Rev.

Probing the superconducting pairing symmetry from spin excitations in BiS2_2 based superconductors

Starting from a two-orbital model and based on the random phase approximation, spin excitations in the superconducting state of the newly discovered BiS$_2$ superconductors with three possible pairing symmetries are studied theoretically. We show that spin response is uniquely determined by the pairing symmetry. Possible spin resonance excitations might occur for the d-wave symmetry at an incommensurate momentum about $(0.7\pi,0.7\pi)$. For the p-wave symmetry the transverse spin excitation near $(0,0)$ is enhanced. For the s-wave pairing symmetry there is no spin resonance signature. These distinct features may be used for probing or determining the pairing symmetry in this newly discovered compound.Comment: 4 pages, 5 figure

Activity model and computer aided system for defining sheet metal process planning

This paper focuses on the problem of choosing the manufacturing route and characteristics in sheet metal processes, a very important element in computer aided process planning (CAPP) systems. At present, decisions concerning the operations, die, machine and process parameters used in sheet metal are based on experience. One of the objectives of this work has been to develop an activity model to help define sheet metal processes. This activity model allows focusing on the second objective, which is to implement a computer aided system to select and define the parameters of the process definition in the case of drawing operations with sheet metal. The result is the selection of parameters related to the operations chosen, the kinds of operations, the sequence of these operations and the lay-out die dimensions for the product. A range of parts were evaluated. They were chosen because they were considered to be representative cases. The results obtained by the system are compared with the values proposed in reference manuals, and by experienced experts. The work has served to determine how to adjust the computer aided system. Applying the method helps to make the right decisions about the sheet metal operations related to drawing processes. The experiments have led to a reduction in processing times