55 research outputs found
Una relaciĂłn complicada. Los juristas y AristĂłteles
The historians of Medieval political theory have overlooked the role of Roman and Canonical Laws in the formation of the Political Theory at the same time that they attributed considerable importance to the conflicts between the Papacy and the temporal power and to the councilistic discussion that took place within the Church. For that reason, they paid more attention to Aristotelian background than to juridical basis. But, actually, Aristotelian’s political theory was the foundation of only abstract discussions of intellectuals and within the environment of the University, whereas the political decisions were in hands of erudite jurists. That is the reason of the polemic statements of scholars and theologians, who felt themselves despised (inasmuch as their scientific status was concerned) by the holders of the political power.Los historiadores de la teorĂa polĂtica medieval han pasado por alto el rol de los derechos romano y canĂłnico en la formaciĂłn de la TeorĂa PolĂtica y, como contraparte, le han atribuido una importancia considerable a los conflictos entre el Papa y el poder temporal y a la discusiĂłn conciliar que ocurriĂł al interior de la Iglesia. Debido a esto, le prestaron más atenciĂłn al trasfondo teĂłrico aristotĂ©lico que a los fundamentos jurĂdicos involucrados. Sin embargo, en rigor, la teorĂa polĂtica aristotĂ©licas operĂł como base tan solo para algunas discusiones abstractas de los intelectuales y al interior del ambiente universatorio, mientras que las decisiones polĂticas eran, en verdad, tomadas por eruditos juristas. Esta es la razĂłn de las declaraciones polĂ©micas de escolares y teĂłlogos: estos se sentĂan desestimados (en lo referido al estatus cientĂfico de sus producciones) por aquellos que poseĂan el efectivo poder polĂtico
Ectopic Cushing' syndrome caused by a neuroendocrine carcinoma of the mesentery
BACKGROUND: ACTH overproduction within the pituitary gland or ectopically leads to hypercortisolism. Here, we report the first case of Cushing' syndrome caused by an ectopic ACTH-secreting neuroendocrine carcinoma of the mesentery. Moreover, diagnostic procedures and pitfalls associated with ectopic ACTH-secreting tumors are demonstrated and discussed. CASE PRESENTATION: A 41 year-old man presented with clinical features and biochemical tests suggestive of ectopic Cushing's syndrome. First, subtotal thyroidectomy was performed without remission of hypercortisolism, because an octreotide scan showed increased activity in the left thyroid gland and an ultrasound revealed nodules in both thyroid lobes one of which was autonomous. In addition, the patient had a 3 mm hypoenhancing lesion of the neurohypophysis and a 1 cm large adrenal tumor. Surgical removal of the pituitary lesion within the posterior lobe did not improve hypercortisolism and we continued to treat the patient with metyrapone to block cortisol production. At 18-months follow-up from initial presentation, we detected an ACTH-producing neuroendocrine carcinoma of the mesentery by using a combination of octreotide scan, computed tomography scan, and positron emission tomography. Intraoperatively, use of a gamma probe after administration of radiolabeled (111)In-pentetreotide helped identify the mesenteric neuroendocrine tumor. After removal of this carcinoma, the patient improved clinically. Laboratory testing confirmed remission of hypercortisolism. An octreotide scan 7 months after surgery showed normal results. CONCLUSION: This case underscores the diagnostic challenge in identifying an ectopic ACTH-producing tumor and the pluripotency of cells, in this case of mesenteric cells that can start producing and secreting ACTH. It thereby helps elucidate the pathogenesis of neuroendocrine tumors. This case also suggests that patients with ectopic Cushing's syndrome and an octreotide scan positive in atypical locations may benefit from explorative radioguided surgery using (111)In-pentetreotide and a gamma probe
Diversity of Staphylococcus aureus Isolates in European Wildlife
Staphylococcus aureus is a well-known colonizer and cause of infection among
animals and it has been described from numerous domestic and wild animal
species. The aim of the present study was to investigate the molecular
epidemiology of S. aureus in a convenience sample of European wildlife and to
review what previously has been observed in the subject field. 124 S. aureus
isolates were collected from wildlife in Germany, Austria and Sweden; they
were characterized by DNA microarray hybridization and, for isolates with
novel hybridization patterns, by multilocus sequence typing (MLST). The
isolates were assigned to 29 clonal complexes and singleton sequence types
(CC1, CC5, CC6, CC7, CC8, CC9, CC12, CC15, CC22, CC25, CC30, CC49, CC59, CC88,
CC97, CC130, CC133, CC398, ST425, CC599, CC692, CC707, ST890, CC1956, ST2425,
CC2671, ST2691, CC2767 and ST2963), some of which (ST2425, ST2691, ST2963)
were not described previously. Resistance rates in wildlife strains were
rather low and mecA-MRSA isolates were rare (n = 6). mecC-MRSA (n = 8) were
identified from a fox, a fallow deer, hares and hedgehogs. The common cattle-
associated lineages CC479 and CC705 were not detected in wildlife in the
present study while, in contrast, a third common cattle lineage, CC97, was
found to be common among cervids. No Staphylococcus argenteus or
Staphylococcus schweitzeri-like isolates were found. Systematic studies are
required to monitor the possible transmission of human- and livestock-
associated S. aureus/MRSA to wildlife and vice versa as well as the possible
transmission, by unprotected contact to animals. The prevalence of S.
aureus/MRSA in wildlife as well as its population structures in different
wildlife host species warrants further investigation
Modelling a Historic Oil-Tank Fire Allows an Estimation of the Sensitivity of the Infrared Receptors in Pyrophilous Melanophila Beetles
Pyrophilous jewel beetles of the genus Melanophila approach forest fires and there is considerable evidence that these beetles can detect fires from great distances of more than 60 km. Because Melanophila beetles are equipped with infrared receptors and are also attracted by hot surfaces it can be concluded that these infrared receptors are used for fire detection
Barriers and opportunities for implementation of a brief psychological intervention for post-ICU mental distress in the primary care setting – results from a qualitative sub-study of the PICTURE trial
Die Universität Jena in ihrer Stadt. Die Gründerjahre (1548-1580)
Die Universtität Jena in ihrer Stadt. Stationen einer dauerhaften Beziehung vom 16. bis zum 20. Jahrhundert. Eine Ringvorlesung des Historischen Instituts der Universität Jena und des Collegium Europaeum Jenens
Una relaciĂłn complicada. Los juristas y AristĂłteles
The historians of Medieval political theory have overlooked the role of Roman and Canonical Laws in the formation of the Political Theory at the same time that they attributed considerable importance to the conflicts between the Papacy and the temporal power and to the councilistic discussion that took place within the Church. For that reason, they paid more attention to Aristotelian background than to juridical basis. But, actually, Aristotelian’s political theory was the foundation of only abstract discussions of intellectuals and within the environment of the University, whereas the political decisions were in hands of erudite jurists. That is the reason of the polemic statements of scholars and theologians, who felt themselves despised (inasmuch as their scientific status was concerned) by the holders of the political power.Los historiadores de la teorĂa polĂtica medieval han pasado por alto el rol de los derechos romano y canĂłnico en la formaciĂłn de la TeorĂa PolĂtica y, como contraparte, le han atribuido una importancia considerable a los conflictos entre el Papa y el poder temporal y a la discusiĂłn conciliar que ocurriĂł al interior de la Iglesia. Debido a esto, le prestaron más atenciĂłn al trasfondo teĂłrico aristotĂ©lico que a los fundamentos jurĂdicos involucrados. Sin embargo, en rigor, la teorĂa polĂtica aristotĂ©licas operĂł como base tan solo para algunas discusiones abstractas de los intelectuales y al interior del ambiente universatorio, mientras que las decisiones polĂticas eran, en verdad, tomadas por eruditos juristas. Esta es la razĂłn de las declaraciones polĂ©micas de escolares y teĂłlogos: estos se sentĂan desestimados (en lo referido al estatus cientĂfico de sus producciones) por aquellos que poseĂan el efectivo poder polĂtico
The idea of a contract of government in the political theories on Empire of the 14th and 15th centuries
Marsilius of Padua is perhaps the most prominent but not the most influential representative of political theory in the 14th century. In his Defensor Pacis he avoids explicitely to construct a contractual base when he presents the development of political human communities. His Aristotelian anthropological view of man as a animal sociale et politicum relies more on human experiencia than on the Aristotelian inclinatio naturalis so vehemently stressed by Aquinas and his school. Therefore you c..
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