Astrocyte calcium dysfunction causes early network hyperactivity in Alzheimer's disease

Dysfunctions of network activity and functional connectivity (FC) represent early events in Alzheimer's disease (AD), but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Astrocytes regulate local neuronal activity in the healthy brain, but their involvement in early network hyperactivity in AD is unknown. We show increased FC in the human cingulate cortex several years before amyloid deposition. We find the same early cingulate FC disruption and neuronal hyperactivity in AppNL-F mice. Crucially, these network disruptions are accompanied by decreased astrocyte calcium signaling. Recovery of astrocytic calcium activity normalizes neuronal hyperactivity and FC, as well as seizure susceptibility and day/night behavioral disruptions. In conclusion, we show that astrocytes mediate initial features of AD and drive clinically relevant phenotypes

Hymenoptera of Canada

A summary of the numbers of species of the 83 families of Hymenoptera recorded in Canada is provided. In total, 8757 described species are recorded compared to approximately 6000 in 1979, which is a 46% increase. Of the families recognized in 1979, three have been newly recorded to Canada since the previous survey: Anaxyelidae (Anaxyleoidea), Liopteridae (Cynipoidea), and Mymarommatidae (Mymarommatoidea). More than 18,400 BINs of Canadian Hymenoptera are available in the Barcode of Life Data Systems (Ratnasingham and Hebert 2007) implying that nearly 9650 undescribed or unrecorded species of Hymenoptera may be present in Canada (and more than 10,300 when taking into account additional species that have not been DNA barcoded). The estimated number of unrecorded species is very similar to that of 1979 (10,637 species), but the percentage of the fauna described/recorded has increased from 36% in 1979 to approximately 45% in 2018. Summaries of the state of knowledge of the major groups of Hymenoptera are presented, including brief comments on numbers of species, biology, changes in classification since 1979, and relevant taxonomic references

Les Episyron des Iles Philippines (Hymenoptera: Pompilidae, Pompilinae)

SUMMARY The author investigates the species of the genus Episyron Schioedte occurring in the Philippines. Six species, instead of eight originally recorded, are revised. Two lectotypes (E. vagabundum Smith, 1858 and Anoplius lepidohirtus Turner, 1910) are designated; five specific synonyms are newly established (E. saussurei Banks, 1934 = E. binghami Banks, 1934; Pompilus cognatus Smith, 1865 and Anoplius lepidohirtus Turner, 1910 = E. pilifrons Smith, 1859; Pompilus capitosus Smith, 1879 = E. vagabundum Smith, 1858; E. smithi Banks, 1934 = Paracyphononyx incognitus Cameron, 1891). Three new combinations are established (Pompilus cognatus Smith, 1864 = E. cognatus and Pompilus capitosus Smith, 1879 = E. capitosus; E. smithi Banks, 1934 = Paracyphononyx smithi). Distributional and biological data are given and a key to species ( ♀ only) provided. Dans une courte note (1938: 40) consacrée aux Pompilides de Singapore ainsi que dans un travail plus important sur ceux des Iles Philippines (1934), Nathan Banks a réservé plusieurs pages à l'étude du genre Episyron Schioedte, y décrivant notamment un certain nombre d'espèces nouvelles. Le catalogue des Hyménoptères des Iles Philippines de Baltazar (1966) présente une liste des espèces du genre absolument conforme à celle que l'on peut tirer des travaux de Banks. Grâce à l'assistance de MM. les Dr. A. S. Menke et Κ. V. Krombein (National Museum of Natural History, Washington (USNM)) et de Ms. Marilyn M. Pearce (Museum of Comparative Zoology Cambridge (MCZ)), j'ai eu récemment l'opportunité d'étudier les matériaux, y compris les types, examinés autrefois par Banks ainsi qu'un certain nombre de spécimens de même origine, cédés en échange à d'autres institutions: Rijksmuseum va

Eoferreola anatolica PRIESNER

Eoferreola anatolicaPRIESNER R e c o r d s: female Ardabil: Moghan, 20.VIII.68, leg. Abai (col. Tehran); female Golestan: Golestan National Park, Almeh, 1650m. 17-18.VII.1996, leg. Ebrahimi (col. Tehran); female Golestan Golestan National Park, Cheshmehkhan, 1060m., 29. VI.2001, leg. Ebrahimi (col. Tehran); female Azarbaijan-e Gharbi, Ghooshchi, 1970m., 19. VI.1970, Pazuki (col. Tehran). R e m a r k Eoferreola can be identified with the key of WAHIS & SCHMID- EGGER (2002).Published as part of Ebrahimi, E., Schmid, C. & Wahis, R., 2008, New records of Pompilidae (Hymenoptera) from Iran, pp. 1435-1442 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 40 (2) on page 1439, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.543114

Evagetes fabrei SMISSEN

Evagetes fabreiSMISSEN R e c o r d s: female Tehran: Taleghan, Kalanak 1800m. alt., 26.VI.1991, leg. Ebrahimi/Badii (col. Tehran). R e m a r k: The species was recently described by SMISSEN (2003) with three females from Turkey (Konya env.; Hakkari env.). The author mentions two further specimens from Iran (Elburs, Polur) and Turkmenistan (Ashabad), which could not be identified finally because of damage. With the recent finding, Evagetes fabrei is confirmed for the fauna of Iran.Published as part of Ebrahimi, E., Schmid, C. & Wahis, R., 2008, New records of Pompilidae (Hymenoptera) from Iran, pp. 1435-1442 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 40 (2) on page 1439, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.543114

Cryptocheilus discolor

Cryptocheilus discolor (FABRICIUS) R e c o r d s: female Khorasan: daregaz, Tandureh, 600m, 4.VIII.1971, leg. Ayatolahi / Pazuki (col. Tehran), female Khorasan: Sarakhs, Bezangan, Daryacheh-e Kolbibi, 200m., 8.IV.1997, leg. V. Nazari (col. Tehran); female Kordestan: Bijar, 9.VII.1967, leg. Dezfulian (col. Tehran); female Khorasan,?, 1942, (col. Tehran); female Khorasan, Mashhad, Torogh, 8.IV.1973, Ayatolahi (col. Tehran) - female 50 km S Koramant (Schmid-Egger in prep.) R e m a r k: The female is not distinguishable from Cryptocheilus semicastaneus MORAWITZ, males can be recognized by a different propodeal structure. Both taxa are separated by distribution pattern: Cryptocheilus discolor occurs in the Mediterranean area and Turkey, Cryptocheilus semicastaneus is restricted to Central Asia east of the Caspian Sea. Until now, we could not examine males of these species from Iran, so the true identity of these findings in Iran is not verified. Iran represents the transition area between Cryptocheilus semicastaneus and Cryptocheilus discolor.Published as part of Ebrahimi, E., Schmid, C. & Wahis, R., 2008, New records of Pompilidae (Hymenoptera) from Iran, pp. 1435-1442 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 40 (2) on page 1438, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.543114

Ctenagenia ozbeki WAHIS

Ctenagenia ozbekiWAHIS R e c o r d s: female Fars, Dasht-e Arjan, 1900m., 14.IX.1974, Abai (col. Tehran). R e m a r k: The species was recently described from southeastern Turkey, Afghanistan and Pakistan (WAHIS 2002).Published as part of Ebrahimi, E., Schmid, C. & Wahis, R., 2008, New records of Pompilidae (Hymenoptera) from Iran, pp. 1435-1442 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 40 (2) on page 1439, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.543114

New records of Pompilidae (Hymenoptera) from Iran

Ebrahimi, E., Schmid, C., Wahis, R. (2008): New records of Pompilidae (Hymenoptera) from Iran. Linzer biologische Beiträge 40 (2): 1435-1442, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.543114