Academia / Industry Collaborations towards the Functionalization of Aryl Azoles

Aryl azoles can be found in numerous active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). Milvexian is a Factor Xia inhibitor currently in phase III for the treatment of thrombotic events containing an ortho-substituted 1-aryl-1H-1,2,3-triazole moiety. During the process development of Milvexian, we assessed multiple approaches for the preparation of 4-chloro-1,2,3-triazole, intermediate 1. In this review article, we will detail how we initiated several academic collaborations to speed up the selection of the best synthesis for commercial manufacturing. Ultimately, those results not only helped us to achieve our goal but yielded general methodologies for the functionalization of azoles that extended even beyond our initial scope

Regioselective functionalization of aryl azoles as powerful tool for the synthesis of pharmaceutically relevant targets

Aryl azole scaffolds are present in a wide range of pharmaceutically relevant molecules. Their ortho-selective metalation at the aryl ring is challenging, due to the competitive metalation of the more acidic heterocycle. Seeking a practical access to a key Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (API) intermediate currently in development, we investigated the metalation of 1-aryl-1H-1,2,3-triazoles and other related heterocycles with sterically hindered metal-amide bases. We report here a room temperature and highly regioselective ortho-magnesiation of several aryl azoles using a tailored magnesium amide, TMPMgBu (TMP = 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidyl) in hydrocarbon solvents followed by an efficient Pd-catalyzed arylation. This scalable and selective reaction allows variation of the initial substitution pattern of the aryl ring, the nature of the azole moiety, as well as the nature of the electrophile. This versatile method can be applied to the synthesis of bioactive azole derivatives and complements existing metal-mediated ortho-functionalizations

A MicroRNA Linking Human Positive Selection and Metabolic Disorders

Postponed access: the file will be accessible after 2021-10-14Positive selection in Europeans at the 2q21.3 locus harboring the lactase gene has been attributed to selection for the ability of adults to digest milk to survive famine in ancient times. However, the 2q21.3 locus is also associated with obesity and type 2 diabetes in humans, raising the possibility that additional genetic elements in the locus may have contributed to evolutionary adaptation to famine by promoting energy storage, but which now confer susceptibility to metabolic diseases. We show here that the miR-128-1 microRNA, located at the center of the positively selected locus, represents a crucial metabolic regulator in mammals. Antisense targeting and genetic ablation of miR-128-1 in mouse metabolic disease models result in increased energy expenditure and amelioration of high-fat-diet-induced obesity and markedly improved glucose tolerance. A thrifty phenotype connected to miR-128-1-dependent energy storage may link ancient adaptation to famine and modern metabolic maladaptation associated with nutritional overabundance.acceptedVersio

Synthèse d'hétérocycles et réactions pallado-catalysées

new multicomponent reactions have been developed as well as a furane-ring opening.De nouvelle réactions multicomposants ont été mises au point. Une nouvelle ouverture de furane a par ailleurs été développée

Palladium catalyzed ring opening of furans as a route to α,β-unsaturated aldehydes

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Three-Component Nef-Huisgen Access to 1,2,4-Triazoles

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Pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine synthesis through activation of N-benzyl groups by distal amides

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Highly Enantiomerically Enriched Planar Chiral Cyclopentadienyl(indenyl)ruthenium Complexes

The functionalization of highly enantiomerically enriched planar chiral cyclopentadienyl(4-bromoindenyl)ruthenium complexes is detailed. Lithium/bromine exchange followed by an electrophilic quench using N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), trimethylsilyl chloride, benzaldehyde, acetone, or 1,2-diiodoethane afforded the corresponding enantiomerically enriched planar chiral complexes. Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling led to cyclopentadienyl(indenyl)ruthenium complexes bearing aryl and alkenyl groups in high yields. Similarly, in situ generation of the boronate intermediate using 9-MeO-9-BBN and a metalated species in the Suzuki–Miyaura reaction gave heteroaryl, alkynyl, and alkyl cyclopentadienyl(indenyl)ruthenium complexes with retention of configuration and enantiomeric excess

Three-component Ugi–Smiles couplings of cyclic imines

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Highly Enantiomerically Enriched Planar Chiral Cyclopentadienyl(indenyl)ruthenium Complexes

The functionalization of highly enantiomerically enriched planar chiral cyclopentadienyl­(4-bromoindenyl)ruthenium complexes is detailed. Lithium/bromine exchange followed by an electrophilic quench using <i>N</i>,<i>N</i>-dimethylformamide (DMF), trimethylsilyl chloride, benzaldehyde, acetone, or 1,2-diiodoethane afforded the corresponding enantiomerically enriched planar chiral complexes. Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling led to cyclopentadienyl­(indenyl)ruthenium complexes bearing aryl and alkenyl groups in high yields. Similarly, in situ generation of the boronate intermediate using 9-MeO-9-BBN and a metalated species in the Suzuki–Miyaura reaction gave heteroaryl, alkynyl, and alkyl cyclopentadienyl­(indenyl)ruthenium complexes with retention of configuration and enantiomeric excess