Remaking American Greatness

Op Eds, or opinion editorials, are typically published in daily newspapers and can raise awareness about a particular topic or aim to persuade others. For this project each student wrote an op-ed in which they presented their opinion or thoughts about the issue of islamophobic discourse coming from Republican candidates, especially Donald Trump

Sweets Syndrome: A Case Report

Title: Add Sweet’s Syndrome to your dermatologic differential Authors: Dr. Elizabeth Deyo, Dr. Mike Waddick Context: Sweet’s Syndrome, an uncommon acute painful inflammatory rash, can be easily misdiagnosed. Early recognition and treatment can speed clinical recovery for patients with this difficult condition. Objective: Here we describe an interesting case report of Sweet’s Syndrome in one of our patients in order to help providers remember this diagnosis on their dermatologic differential diagnosis. Case report synopsis: Our 44 year old male HIV positive patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus presents with athralgias, chills, malaise and a plaque-like rash on the back of his neck, head and right wrist. Course: Lab work-up with blood culture, crp, cbc, cmp, HIV viral load, RPR, and biopsy were performed. The biopsy confirmed neutrophilic dermatosis consistent with Sweet’s Syndrome. The patient was started on treatment after biopsy results returned. The patient had rapid improvement with treatment. Treatment: Prednisone 30mg daily for 7 days, then tapered over 5 weeks. Conclusion: Sweet’s Syndrome, an acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis, is an uncommon inflammatory skin condition characterized by the abrupt onset of painful erythematous papules, plaques or nodules and systemic symptoms. The disease is classified into classical (idiopathic), malignancy-associated and drug-induced Sweet’s Syndrome. While uncommon, primary care physicians should be familiar with the clinical presentation, diagnosis and initial management of this disease; and add it to their differential diagnosis when faced with acute painful rashes as described above. Key points include the diagnostic criteria, clinical appearance, and initial treatment of Sweet’s Syndrome.https://digitalcommons.psjhealth.org/milwaukie_family/1006/thumbnail.jp

Disruption of Microtubules Sensitizes the DNA Damage-induced Apoptosis Through Inhibiting Nuclear Factor κB (NF-κB) DNA-binding Activity

The massive reorganization of microtubule network involves in transcriptional regulation of several genes by controlling transcriptional factor, nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) activity. The exact molecular mechanism by which microtubule rearrangement leads to NF-κB activation largely remains to be identified. However microtubule disrupting agents may possibly act in synergy or antagonism against apoptotic cell death in response to conventional chemotherapy targeting DNA damage such as adriamycin or comptothecin in cancer cells. Interestingly pretreatment of microtubule disrupting agents (colchicine, vinblastine and nocodazole) was observed to lead to paradoxical suppression of DNA damage-induced NF-κB binding activity, even though these could enhance NF-κB signaling in the absence of other stimuli. Moreover this suppressed NF-κB binding activity subsequently resulted in synergic apoptotic response, as evident by the combination with Adr and low doses of microtubule disrupting agents was able to potentiate the cytotoxic action through caspase-dependent pathway. Taken together, these results suggested that inhibition of microtubule network chemosensitizes the cancer cells to die by apoptosis through suppressing NF-κB DNA binding activity. Therefore, our study provided a possible anti-cancer mechanism of microtubule disrupting agent to overcome resistance against to chemotherapy such as DNA damaging agent

CNS activity of Pokeweed Anti-viral Protein (PAP) in mice infected with Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus (LCMV)

BACKGROUND: Others and we have previously described the potent in vivo and in vitro activity of the broad-spectrum antiviral agent PAP (Pokeweed antiviral protein) against a wide range of viruses. The purpose of the present study was to further elucidate the anti-viral spectrum of PAP by examining its effects on the survival of mice challenged with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV). METHODS: We examined the therapeutic effect of PAP in CBA mice inoculated with intracerebral injections of the WE54 strain of LCMV at a 1000 PFU dose level that is lethal to 100% of mice within 7–9 days. Mice were treated either with vehicle or PAP administered intraperitoneally 24 hours prior to, 1 hour prior to and 24 hours, 48 hours 72 hours and 96 hours after virus inoculation. RESULTS: PAP exhibits significant in vivo anti- LCMV activity in mice challenged intracerebrally with an otherwise invariably fatal dose of LCMV. At non-toxic dose levels, PAP significantly prolonged survival in the absence of the majority of disease-associated symptoms. The median survival time of PAP-treated mice was >21 days as opposed to 7 days median survival for the control (p = 0.0069). CONCLUSION: Our results presented herein provide unprecedented experimental evidence that PAP exhibits antiviral activity in the CNS of LCMV-infected mice

Prevention and Mitigation of Acute Radiation Syndrome in Mice by Synthetic Lipopeptide Agonists of Toll-Like Receptor 2 (TLR2)

Bacterial lipoproteins (BLP) induce innate immune responses in mammals by activating heterodimeric receptor complexes containing Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2). TLR2 signaling results in nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB)-dependent upregulation of anti-apoptotic factors, anti-oxidants and cytokines, all of which have been implicated in radiation protection. Here we demonstrate that synthetic lipopeptides (sLP) that mimic the structure of naturally occurring mycoplasmal BLP significantly increase mouse survival following lethal total body irradiation (TBI) when administered between 48 hours before and 24 hours after irradiation. The TBI dose ranges against which sLP are effective indicate that sLP primarily impact the hematopoietic (HP) component of acute radiation syndrome. Indeed, sLP treatment accelerated recovery of bone marrow (BM) and spleen cellularity and ameliorated thrombocytopenia of irradiated mice. sLP did not improve survival of irradiated TLR2-knockout mice, confirming that sLP-mediated radioprotection requires TLR2. However, sLP was radioprotective in chimeric mice containing TLR2-null BM on a wild type background, indicating that radioprotection of the HP system by sLP is, at least in part, indirect and initiated in non-BM cells. sLP injection resulted in strong transient induction of multiple cytokines with known roles in hematopoiesis, including granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), keratinocyte chemoattractant (KC) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). sLP-induced cytokines, particularly G-CSF, are likely mediators of the radioprotective/mitigative activity of sLP. This study illustrates the strong potential of LP-based TLR2 agonists for anti-radiation prophylaxis and therapy in defense and medical scenarios

Neighborhood Sustainability: the Genesis of Three EcoDistricts within Portland, Oregon

This research aims to gain a better understanding for how the processes, goals, and actions are formulated and implemented throughout three EcoDistricts within Portland, Foster Green, Living Cully, and South of Market (SoMa). More specifically, this study will analyze how these districts are formed around three different drivers in the push for sustainability. The research will use case studies to provide insight into exactly what those drivers might be, whether they be citizens, institutions, etc., and then what this means for on-the-ground results. As EcoDistricts currently reside as the most well-known example for neighborhood sustainability in Portland, and arguably across the United States, this research will analyze the EcoDistricts process and look to infer how this translates to general neighborhood-scale efforts. Challenges and possible solutions will then be brought forth to help set up future research into the field. This paper will draw out the major themes present in neighborhood-scale literature that suggest successful sustainable efforts. I will then use this research to provide context for Portland\u27s biggest neighborhood-scale effort, EcoDistricts. Through the analysis of SoMa, Foster Green, and Living Cully, I will then draw on the successes and failures of the districts, tie them back to the literature, and finish by analyzing what this means for future discussion around neighborhood-scale sustainability efforts. Methods of research include qualitative content analysis, interviews, and extensive scholarly research to ascertain a full understanding of the processes, goals, and actions within the three varying EcoDistricts

Healthy residential developments: reducing pollutant exposures for vulnerable populations with multiple chemical sensitivities

Many serious illnesses are linked to everyday exposures to toxic chemicals. In the U.S., most chemical exposure comes from common consumer products such as pesticides, fragranced products, cleaning supplies, and building materials--products so widely used that people consider them "safe." As the links between everyday toxic exposures and potential health effects become better understood, evidence increasingly shows that reducing exposures can create a healthier society. Although some individuals may choose to build a healthy home and maintain a healthy household, they are still exposed to pollutants at their residences from the actions of others, such as to pesticides that are used by neighbors, businesses, and governments. They need healthy residential developments in environmentally healthy communities. This research investigates "healthy residential developments," defined as a property that aims to reduce pollutant exposures to the extent required by vulnerable populations, which for this research are individuals with multiple chemical sensitivities (MCS). Through a case study approach, this research investigates two exemplars of healthy residential developments, and explains how and why they form and continue. It also examines their implementation methods, and implications for planning and policy. Primary data collection methods included in-person interviews, telephone interviews, and site visits. Research strategies included the analysis of interview data, and categorical aggregation using thematic categories within and across cases. The categories focused on factors of formation and continuation for the two healthy residential developments. Findings include the challenges of people disabled with MCS to find safe housing; the importance of planning to address these challenges; the role of individuals, funding, and zoning in the formation of healthy residential developments; the role of funding, safe maintenance, and property management in their continuation; and, the need for affordable and safe housing for vulnerable populations. Future research can address the need to develop methods to create and sustain healthy residential developments, understand and reduce sources of exposure that initiate and trigger chemical sensitivity, and investigate experiences and implementation strategies in other countries.Ph.D.Committee Chair: Steinemann, Anne; Committee Member: Caress, Stanley; Committee Member: Immergluck, Daniel; Committee Member: Norton, Bryan; Committee Member: Vidal, Avi

The significance of the scale characteristics in evaluation of the lizard genera Gerrhonotus, Elgaria, and Barisia

Volume: 34Start Page: 257End Page: 26