Pelatihan Pencegahan dan Penanggulangan Demam Berdarah Dengue

Pelatihan pencegahan dan penanggulangan Demam Berdarah Dengue telah dilakukan oleh tim pengabdi Universitas Kristen Maranatha di Kelurahan Sukagalih Bandung pada tanggal 4 Desember 2018. Tujuan pengabdian kepada masyarakat berupa pelatihan tersebut adalah agar masyarakat dapat mempunyai perilaku yang baik untuk mencegah peningkatan jumlah nyamuk penyebab Demam Berdarah Dengue. Hal ini disebabkan Indonesia termasuk negara beriklim tropis yang hampir pada setiap tahun dan di beberapa  kota ditemukan banyak penderita yang terinfeksi penyakit Demam Berdarah Dengue akibat cucukan nyamuk Aedes aegypti betina. Para peneliti merumuskan bahwa iklim dapat mempengaruhi perkembangan nyamuk Aedes aegypti, sementara peneliti lain menyimpulkan bahwa iklim tidak mempengaruhi hal tersebut. Terlepas dari polemik tersebut, pada kenyataannya yang terpenting untuk mengurangi bertambahnya jumlah nyamuk adalah perilaku masyarakat sehingga diperlukan pelatihan kepada masyarakat untuk pencegahan dan penganggulangan penyakit Demam Berdarah Dengue. Metode yang digunakan adalah ceramah, diskusi, dan peran aktif masyarakat. Hasil yang diperoleh sampai makalah ini dibuat adalah meningkatnya pengetahuan masyarakat terhadap pencegahan dan penanggulangan penyakit Demam Berdarah Dengue yang diperoleh dari kuesioner yang disebarkan. Simpulan yang diperoleh adalah pemahaman masyarakat tentang hal-hal mengenai penyakit Demam Berdarah Dengue telah meningkat dengan rata-rata pemahaman sebesar 85,6%

Antioxidant activity of panJe tea combination of pandan (Pandanus amaryllifolius) and jahe (Zingiber officinale)

Herbal tea are popular because of their potential herbal medicine, a blend of herbal ingredients, promised to provide a specific purpose. The main purpose is to determine antioxidant activity in herbal teas (pandan mixed ginger) and in their infusions, as well as to obtain more complex information about the tea products. In this study, DPPH radical scavenging, H2O2 scavenging, ABTS reduction, and FRAP reduction assay were carried out. These assays are proved that the IC50 values of ginger are higher than PanJe and pandan. For DPPH scavenging, H2O2 scavenging, FRAP scavenging, ABTS reduction activities, PanJe resulted IC50 14.69 μg/mL, 27.70 μg/mL, 7.09 μg/mL, and 411.28 µg/mL, while ginger yielded IC50 7.76 μg/mL, 13.23 μg/mL, 4.94 μg/mL ,and  125.95 respectively. Otherwise, the highest total phenolic and flavonoid of panje were shown at 1.60 ± 0.26 µg QE / 100% extract and 8.67 ± 0.80 µg QE/100% extract respectively. Based on these results, PanJe, pandan and ginger are concluded as an active natural product because it exhibited antioxidant activities from two mixed compounds

Apoptotic Potential of Secretome from Interleukin-Induced Natural Killer Cells toward Breast Cancer Cell Line by Transwell Assay

Breast cancer (BC) is the number one cause of deaths from cancer in women. Metastasis in BC is caused by immunosurveillance deficiency, including impairment of Natural Killer (NK) cell maturation, low NK activity, and decreasing cytotoxicity. This study was performed to improve activating receptors and cytotoxicity of NK cells using interleukin 15 (IL15) against BC cells. Human recombinant IL15 was used to induce NK cells. To evaluate the potential of IL15 in inducing NK cells, we measured the activating and inhibiting receptors (NKG2D, NKG2A), apoptotic potency of NK cells on BC cells (MCF7) using transwell assay. The IL15 inducer  on the NK cell were measured NKG2D, NKG2A gene expression with quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), (GzmB) secretion using ELISA, apoptotic gene expression of MCF7 using qPCR. IL15 increased NKG2D expression 4.01-9.13%, but IL15 could not affect toward NKG2A expression on NK cells. IL15-activated NK cells, inhibited BC cells proliferation, induced apoptotic BC cells 25.89-32.19%, induced apoptotic genes of BC cells bax, p53. IL15 increase NK activating receptor (NKG2D), inhibit BC cells proliferation, induce apoptotic percentage and induce apoptotic gene expression

Antioxidant activity of panJe tea combination of pandan (Pandanus amaryllifolius) and jahe (Zingiber officinale)

Herbal tea is popular because of its potential as medicine, a combination of herbal ingredients promises to produce new colors, flavors, and tastes. This study aimed to determine the antioxidant activities of an herbal tea combinations (pandan and jahe) called PanJe and compared it to the antioxidant single herbal tea namely Pandan tea (0.5 g dried pandan) and Ginger tea (2 g dried ginger). The PanJe tea was a combination of 0.5 g pandan tea and 2 g ginger tea. Pandan tea, ginger tea and PanJe tea are soaked for 5 minutes in 200 mL of boiling water. The antioxidant activities were assayed namely 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) free radical scavenger, and Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) assay. The flavonoid content used Quercetin Equivalent (QE), while the total phenol content used Gallic Acid Equivalent (GAE). DPPH, H2O2, ABTS scavenging activities and FRAP assay of PanJe tea was presented in median inhibitory concentration (IC50) value respectively 14.69, 27.70, 4.11 and 7.09%, while pandan tea resulted in IC50 value of 23.63, 27.19, 4.54 and 12.86%, and ginger tea resulted in IC50 value of 7.76, 13.23, 1.26 and 4.94%, respectively. These assays proved ginger tea had the highest antioxidant activities compared to PanJe tea and pandan tea which had the lowest antioxidant activities. Total phenolic and flavonoid of PanJe respectively were 0.035 µg GAE/mg and 0.006 µg QE/mg of PanJe tea meanwhile pandan tea respectively contain 0.002 µg GAE/mg, 0.0003 µg QE/mg of pandan tea and ginger tea contained 0.118 µg GAE/mg and 0.036 QE/mg of ginger tea. Compared to PanJe tea and pandan tea, ginger tea has the highest total phenol and flavonoid content. Conclusion ginger tea is higher antioxidant activities also a higher phenol and flavonoid content than PanJe tea

EFFECT OF FLAVONOIDS ON OXIDATIVE STRESS, APOPTOSIS, AND CELL MARKERS OF PERIPHERAL BLOOD-DERIVED ENDOTHELIAL PROGENITOR CELLS: AN IN VITRO STUDY

Objective: Circulating EPCs (endothelial progenitor cells) play a role in neovascularization and vascular repair. Oxidative stress impairs endothelial progenitor. Flavonoid is a phytochemical compound for antioxidant activity. Flavonoid effects toward oxidative stress, apoptosis, and expression of the cell markers on EPCs are not fully understood. This study was aimed to elucidate the effects of quercetin, kaempferol, and myricetin toward oxidative stress, apoptosis, and cell markers of peripheral blood-derived-EPCs. Methods: EPCs (endothelial progenitor cells) were isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNCs) using cultivation under EPCs spesific media. Oxidative stress in EPCs was induced by H2O2 and then treated by quercetin, kaempferol, and myricetin. Cytotoxicity was measured by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium (MTS) assay, while intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), apoptosis and characterization of cells, which expressed CD133 and KDR, was measured using flow cytometry. Results: Quercetin, kaempferol, and myricetin at concentration 12.50 µmol/l were not toxic on EPCs as the cells viability were 96.11±4.03%, 95.42±7.75%, and 94.22±9.49%, respectively. Flavonoids decreased intracellular ROS level in EPCs (quercetin: 14.38±1.47%, kaempferol: 20.21±6.25%, and myricetin: 13.88±4.02%) compared to EPCs treated with H2O2 (30.70%±1.04). Percetage of EPCs apoptosis was not significantly different among each treatment. Immunophenotyping showed the increasing of CD133 and KDR expression in EPCs treated with flavonoids. Conclusion: Quercetin, kaempferol, and myricetin were safe for EPCs, decreased ROS levels, and increased CD133 and KDR expression. However, the flavonoids did not significantly affect EPCs apoptosis

Efek Larvasida Ekstrak Etanol Daun Pandan Wangi (<i>Pandanus amaryllifolius</i> Roxb.) terhadap Larva Nyamuk <i>Culex</i> sp

Abstrak Salah satu cara pemberantasan nyamuk Culex yang merupakan vektor beberapa penyakit antara lain filariasis, Japanese encephalitis, St. Louis encephalitis, dan West Nile virus ialah dengan larvasida. Larvasida berbahan kimia (temephos) memiliki efek samping berbahaya bagi kesehatan dan lingkungan. Oleh sebab itu, dilakukan penelitian penggunaan daun pandan wangi (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb.) sebagai larvasida alami. Tujuan penelitian mengetahui apakah ekstrak etanol daun pandan wangi memiliki efek larvasida alami terhadap larva Culex sp. Penelitian dilakukan di Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Kristen Maranatha pada Februari–Juli 2016. Desain penelitian bersifat eksperimental laboratorik dengan metode rancangan acak lengkap. Efek larvasida ekstrak daun pandan wangi (EDPW) diuji terhadap 6 kelompok perlakuan (n=30, r=4) larva Culex sp. Kelompok I (EDPW 4%), II (EDPW 2%), III (EDPW 1%), IV (EDPW 0,5%), V (temephos sebagai kontrol positif), dan VI (akuades sebagai kontrol negatif). Data yang diambil ialah jumlah larva mati setelah pemberian bahan uji selama 24 jam. Analisis data dengan ANAVA dan uji Tukey HSD dengan nilai α=0,01. Hasil penelitian berupa persentase larva mati pada kelompok I (96,67%), II (79,17%), III (50%), dan IV (17,5%) menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan (p≤0,01) terhadap kelompok VI (1,67%). Tidak terdapat perbedaan signifikan (p>0,01) antara kelompok I dan V (100%). Simpulan, EDPW berefek sebagai larvasida terhadap larva nyamuk Culex sp dan EDPW 4% memiliki potensi setara dengan temephos. Abstract One way to eradicate Culex mosquitoes that are vector for several diseases such as filariasis, Japanese encephalitis, St. Louis encephalitis, and West Nile virus is with larvicide. Larvicide made from chemical (temephos) have harmful side effects to health and environment. Therefore research of fragnant pandan leaves (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb.) as natural larvicide was conducted. This study aims to find out whether fragnant pandan leaves ethanol extract has natural larvicide effect against Culex sp larvae. The study was conducted at Faculty of Medicine, Maranatha Christian University in February to July 2016. This study design was laboratoric experimental with complete randomized design. Larvicidal effect of fragnant pandan leaves extract (FPLE) was tested against 6 groups (n=30, r=4) Culex larvae. Group I (FPLE 4%), II (FPLE 2%), III (FPLE 1%), IV (0,5%), V (temephos as a positive control), and VI (aquadest as a negative control). The taken data was the number of larvae that died after administration of the substance for 24 hours. Data was analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey HSD test using α=0,01. The results of the study were the percentage of dead larvae in group I (96,67%), II (79,17%), III (50%), and IV (17,5%) showed a significant difference (p≤0,01) to group VI (1,67%). There were no significant difference (p>0,01) between group I and group V (100%). The conclusion of this study is there was an effect of FPLE as larvicide against Culex mosquito larvae and FPLE 4% had equivalent potential to temephos

Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Activity of Sea Cucumber ( Active Compounds against KEAP1 and iNOS Protein

Oxidative stress and inflammation have a role in the development of various diseases. Oxidative stress and inflammation are associated with many proteins, including Kelch ECH associating protein 1 (KEAP1) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) proteins. The active compounds contained in Holothuria scabra have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. This study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of sea cucumber’s active compounds by targeting KEAP1 and iNOS proteins. 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and nitric oxide (NO) scavenging activity of H. scabra extract were measured spectrophotometrically. The 3-dimensional (3D) structures of sea cucumber’s active compounds and proteins were obtained from the PubChem and Research Collaboratory for Structural Bioinformatics Protein Data Bank (RCSB PDB) databases. Molecular docking was performed using AutoDock Vina software. Molecular dynamics simulations were carried out using Yet Another Scientific Artificial Reality Application (YASARA) software with environmental parameters according to the cell’s physiological conditions. The membrane permeability test was performed using the PerMM web server. The methanol extract of H. scabra had a weak antioxidant activity against DPPH and strong activity against NO radical. Scabraside and holothurinoside G had the most negative binding affinity values when interacting with the active site of KEAP1 and iNOS proteins. Molecular dynamics simulations also showed that both compounds were stable when interacting with KEAP1 and iNOS. However, scabraside and holothurinoside G were difficult to penetrate the cell plasma membrane, which is seen from the high energy transfer value in the lipid acyl chain region of phospholipids. Scabraside and holothurinoside G are predicted to act as antioxidants and anti-inflammations, but in their implementation to in vitro and in vivo study, it is necessary to have liposomes or nanoparticles, or other delivery methods to help these 2 compounds enter the cell

Free Radical Scavenging Activity of Ethanolic Leaves Extract and Its Different Solvent Fractions of Piper betle L. In Vitro

Various diseases including cancer and cardiovascular diseases are induced by free radicals via lipid peroxidation, protein peroxidation, DNA damage, and cellular degeneration in the cells. Piper betle L., commonly called betel, belongs to the Piperaceae family. It originated from South and South East Asia, and has been used as a traditional medicine by people there due to its medicinal properties. In the present study, free radical scavenging activity of ethanolic leaves extract of Piper betle L. together with its different solvent fractions (hexane, ethyl acetate, butanol, and water) were evaluated by DPPH free radical scavenging assay. The ethanolic extract and the ethyl acetate fraction had shown very significant DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl) radical scavenging activity compared to the other fractions. In DPPH free radical scavenging assay, the IC50 value of the ethanolic extract and the ethyl acetate fraction were found to be 17.43µg/mL and 11.53 µg/mL, respectively. The free radical scavenging activity was assumed due to the total phenolic content. The total phenolic content was found to be highest in the ethanol extract (277.68 μg EGCG/mg) and the ethyl acetate fraction (559.38μg EGCG/mg). The results concluded that the ethanolic leaves extract of Piper betle L. and its ethyl acetate fraction have a considerably free radical scavenging activity. Keywords: Piper betle L., Piperaceae, free radical scavenging, DPP

Sinkronisasi Pangkalan Data Rumah Sakit dengan Aplikasi Open Source SymmetricDS

Health is an important supporting factor in the society.  One of the curative implementation of the healthcare is hospital.  Supporting system based on Information Technology of hospital is called Hospital Information System (SIRS) in which this system is mandatory in every hospital.  Unfortunately, this system is developed individually by the hospital so that the integration of the system in higher levels is difficult.  This research demonstrates integration of Hospital Information System in small scale using SymmetricDS Open Source database replication software.  It can be shown that the integration of Hospital Information System is highly possible to enable higher scale healthcare support system in the future