An extension to the filtered-x LMS algorithm with logarithmic transformation

© 2015 IEEE. Active control of impulsive noise has been of increasing interest due to high impact of such noise on humans. The algorithm with logarithmic transformation, developed by Wu, et al. has been found particularly interesting. In this paper this idea is continued, and an extension to this algorithm is proposed to improve its convergence properties and allow for successful control if the noise has also another type of noise together with the impulses. A number of simulations are performed to validate the algorithm and compare it with algorithms leading in the literature. Additionally to simulated benchmark impulsive noises, real recordings are considered, which bring another insight into efficiency of the algorithms

Defect structure of Czochralski silicon co-implanted with helium and hydrogen and treated at high temperature - pressure

Effect of stress created by Ar hydrostatic pressure (HP) up to 1.1 GPa during annealing at the high temperature (HT) 1070 K (HT-HP treatment) on microstructure of Czochralski grown silicon co-implanted with helium and hydrogen Si:(He,H) using the same doses of He+ and H₂+ (DH,He= 5·10¹⁶ cm⁻², at energy 50 and 150 keV, respectively) was investigated by means of X-ray (synchrotron) diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and electrical measurements. The nanostructured sponge-like buried layers are formed in Si:(He,H) by annealing / high pressure treatment. Decreased interference, diffuse scattering and individual contrast are observed in the synchrotron topograms for HT-HP treated Si:(He,H). The treatment at 723 K and HP results in an additional donor formation as a sequence of the implantation-disturbed layer. The HP-mediated (retarded) out-diffusion of hydrogen and helium is in part responsible for the effects observed

Engineering an aldehyde dehydrogenase toward its substrates, 3-hydroxypropanal and NAD(+), for enhancing the production of 3-hydroxypropionic acid

3-Hydroxypropionic acid (3-HP) can be produced via the biological route involving two enzymatic reactions: dehydration of glycerol to 3-hydroxypropanal (3-HPA) and then oxidation to 3-HP. However, commercial production of 3-HP using recombinant microorganisms has been hampered with several problems, some of which are associated with the toxicity of 3-HPA and the efficiency of NAD(+) regeneration. We engineered a-ketoglutaric semialdehyde dehydrogenase (KGSADH) from Azospirillum brasilense for the second reaction to address these issues. The residues in the binding sites for the substrates, 3-HPA and NAD(+), were randomized, and the resulting libraries were screened for higher activity. Isolated KGSADH variants had significantly lower Km values for both the substrates. The enzymes also showed higher substrate specificities for aldehyde and NAD(+), less inhibition by NADH, and greater resistance to inactivation by 3-HPA than the wild-type enzyme. A recombinant Pseudomonas denitrificans strain with one of the engineered KGSADH variants exhibited less accumulation of 3-HPA, decreased levels of inactivation of the enzymes, and higher cell growth than that with the wild-type KGSADH. The flask culture of the P. denitrificans strain with the mutant KGSADH resulted in about 40% increase of 3-HP titer (53 mM) compared with that using the wild-type enzyme (37 mM)

Przegląd algorytmów aktywnej redukcji hałasu impulsowego

Active noise control is gaining popularity in recent years. Especially, active control of impulsive noise is of great interest. Due to specific nature of such noise, standard approach to active control is not satisfying. This paper reviews existing algorithms specifically developed for impulsive noise control. Performance of the algorithms is verified using computer simulations and several noise signals.Aktywna redukcja hałasu zyskuje na popularności w ostatnich latach. Z powodu specyfiki hałasu impulsowego, standardowe podejście do aktywnej redukcji nie jest zadawalające. Niniejsza praca przedstawia algorytmy stworzone specjalnie na potrzeby redukcji hałasu impulsowego, który ze względu na swoją specyfikę nie jest poprawnie tłumiony przez klasyczne algorytmy redukcji hałasu. W pierwszym punkcie przedstawiona jest ogólnie idea aktywnej redukcji hałasu. W drugim punkcie opisany jest hałas impulsowy: charakterystyka, wpływ na człowieka oraz technika modelowania. W trzecim punkcie przedstawiony został podstawowy algorytm aktywnej redukcji hałasu oraz jego modyfikacje stworzone do aktywnej redukcji hałasu impulsowego. W czwartym punkcie przedstawione zostały wyniki porównujące przedstawione algorytmy. Porównanie algorytmów wykonane zostało za pomocą symulacji komputerowej z wykorzystaniem modeli rzeczywistych torów akustycznych oraz dwóch rodzajów hałasu: modelowanego i rzeczywistego nagrania. W ostatnim punkcie zostały przedstawione wnioski z prezentowanej pracy

Land management in Poland

Land management constitutes an integral component of planned spatial management that binds it with the entity, which is responsible for land management, charging it with particular obligations, including those specified in the Surveying and Mapping Law of 17 May 1989. The Law entails such issues as the national land information system, land and building registry (property cadastre), state survey and mapping resources and the infrastructure inventory. According to the Law, data included in the land and building registry constitute a basis for business planning and spatial planning, as well as of public statistics, taxation and benefits, with proper marking of properties in the Land Registers. Data included in the Land and Building Registers and Infrastructure Registers, together with other data collected in the state survey and mapping resources, constitute a basis for the national land information system. The requirements of a good subjective and objective land division are met by the classification implemented by the Regulation of the Minister of Regional Development and Building of 29 March 2001 Concerning Land and Building Registry. The capability to use resources allocated by the European Union will be of fundamental importance for the development of Poland in 2007-2013. That capability will depend on the practical application of institutional instruments and solutions. Therefore, it is necessary to recommend to the Polish communes the databases, as well as land and property information, which are essential for land management, including the metadata databases on the existing and projected Spatial Databases and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) maintained by the initiative of the Chief National Surveyor