Developing LCA-based benchmarks for sustainable consumption - for and with users

This article presents the development process of a consumer-oriented, illustrative benchmarking tool enabling consumers to use the results of environmental life cycle assessment (LCA) to make informed decisions. Active and environmentally conscious consumers and environmental communicators were identified as key target groups for this type of information. A brochure presenting the benchmarking tool was developed as an participatory, iterative process involving consumer focus groups, stakeholder workshops and questionnaire-based feedback. In addition to learning what works and what does not, detailed suggestions on improved wording and figures were obtained, as well as a wealth of ideas for future applications

Olkaluun yläosan murtumien luutumisongelmat ja niiden hoito

Tiivistelmä. Olkaluun yläosan murtuma on yleisimpiä murtumia ja pääasiassa sen hoito on konservatiivinen kantositeellä. Sen esiintyvyys on jopa 10 % kaikista murtumista. Luutumattomuus on sen yksi harvinainen komplikaatio, jonka esiintyvyys on noin 1,2 %. Tärkeimpiä riskitekijöitä luutumattomuuden kehittymiselle ovat tupakointi, luun huono laatu, liitännäissairaudet, kuten ylipaino, luun metaboliset sairaudet ja huono ravitsemus sekä huono hoitomyönteisyys. Luutumattomuus rajoittaa käden toimintakykyä ja aiheuttaa kipua. Luutumattoman murtuman hoito on yleensä operatiivinen. Vaihtoehtoja ovat avoin korjaus ja sisäinen kiinnittäminen (ORIF) tai tekonivel. Ydinkanavan sisäistä pohjeluusiirrettä (intramedullaarinen fibula-allografti) käyttämällä on saatu yli 90 % luutuminen ja hyvä toiminnallinen tulos tutkimuksissa. Tässä tutkimuksessa selvitettiin ydinkanavan sisäisen pohjeluusiirteen hyötyä Oulun yliopistollisessa sairaalassa hoidettujen potilaiden avulla. Vuosina 2006–2020 hoidettiin 44 potilasta, joista 38 valikoitui mukaan tutkimukseen. Ydinkanavan sisäistä pohjeluusiirrettä käytetiin 21 potilaan hoidossa ja 17 potilasta hoidettiin ilman pohjeluusiirrettä. Keskimääräiset seuranta-ajat olivat 4,9 kk ja 5,9 kk. Potilaiden kliiniset tiedot kerättiin Lesu- ja Esko-tietojärjestelmistä. Arvio luutumisesta perustui ortopedin vastaanotolla tekemään arvioon röntgen-kuvasta. Potilaiden toimintakykyä ja elämänlaatua kartoitettiin postoperatiivisesti DASH- ja 15Dkyselykaavakkeilla. Pohjeluusiirreryhmässä luutuminen todettiin 90,5 % ja ilman siirrettä hoidetuilla 70,6 %. DASH-pisteiden keskiarvot olivat ryhmissä 50,4 ja 58,4. 15D-pisteet vastaavissa ryhmissä olivat 0,8488 ja 0,7939. Tulosten perusteella ydinkanavan sisäisen pohjeluusiirre on tehokas hoitomenetelmä, kun tarkastellaan luutumista, käden toimintakykyä ja potilaan elämänlaatua verrattuna hoitoon ilman pohjeluusiirrettä. Vastaavat tulokset saatiin myös 53–64-vuotiaiden ikäryhmässä. 65–74-vuotiaiden pohjeluusiirreryhmässä DASH-pisteet olivat matalammat ja 15D-pisteet korkeammat, kuin 53–64-vuotiaiden. Tämän perusteella pohjeluusiirre on toimiva hoitomenetelmä myös tässä ikäryhmässä. Ikäryhmien normaaleihin DASH- ja 15Dpisteiden viitearvoihin pohjeluusiirteellä hoidetut ikäryhmät eivät kuitenkaan yltäneet

Novel Data Acquisition System for Silicon Tracking Detectors

We have developed a novel data acquisition system for measuring tracking parameters of a silicon detector in a particle beam. The system is based on a commercial Analog-to-Digital VME module and a PC Linux based Data Acquisition System. This DAQ is realized with C++ code using object-oriented techniques. Track parameters for the beam particles were reconstructed using off-line analysis code and automatic detector position alignment algorithm. The new DAQ was used to test novel Czochralski type silicon detectors. The important silicon detector parameters, including signal size distributions and signal to noise distributions, were successfully extracted from the detector under study. The efficiency of the detector was measured to be 95 %, the resolution about 10 micrometers, and the signal to noise ratio about 10.Comment: Talk from the 2003 Computing in High Energy and Nuclear Physics (CHEP03), La Jolla, Ca, USA, March 2003, 6 pages, LaTeX, 5 eps figures. PSN TUGP00

Markers associated with genomic instability, immunogenicity and immune therapy responsiveness in Metaplastic carcinoma of the breast : Expression of gamma H2AX, pRPA2, P53, PD-L1 and tumor infiltrating lymphocytes in 76 cases

Peer reviewe

Inhibitory effect of lignin on the hydrolysis of xylan by thermophilic and thermolabile GH11 xylanases

BACKGROUND: Enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass into platform sugars can be enhanced by the addition of accessory enzymes, such as xylanases. Lignin from steam pretreated biomasses is known to inhibit enzymes by non-productively binding enzymes and limiting access to cellulose. The effect of enzymatically isolated lignin on the hydrolysis of xylan by four glycoside hydrolase (GH) family 11 xylanases was studied. Two xylanases from the mesophilic Trichoderma reesei, TrXyn1, TrXyn2, and two forms of a thermostable metagenomic xylanase Xyl40 were compared. RESULTS: Lignin isolated from steam pretreated spruce decreased the hydrolysis yields of xylan for all the xylanases at 40 and 50 °C. At elevated hydrolysis temperature of 50 °C, the least thermostable xylanase TrXyn1 was most inhibited by lignin and the most thermostable xylanase, the catalytic domain (CD) of Xyl40, was least inhibited by lignin. Enzyme activity and binding to lignin were studied after incubation of the xylanases with lignin for up to 24 h at 40 °C. All the studied xylanases bound to lignin, but the thermostable xylanases retained 22–39% of activity on the lignin surface for 24 h, whereas the mesophilic T. reesei xylanases become inactive. Removing of N-glycans from the catalytic domain of Xyl40 increased lignin inhibition in hydrolysis of xylan when compared to the glycosylated form. By comparing the 3D structures of these xylanases, features contributing to the increased thermal stability of Xyl40 were identified. CONCLUSIONS: High thermal stability of xylanases Xyl40 and Xyl40-CD enabled the enzymes to remain partially active on the lignin surface. N-glycosylation of the catalytic domain of Xyl40 increased the lignin tolerance of the enzyme. Thermostability of Xyl40 was most likely contributed by a disulphide bond and salt bridge in the N-terminal and α-helix regions. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT: [Image: see text] SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13068-022-02148-4

For hazelnut allergy, component testing of Cor a 9 and Cor a 14 is relevant also in birch-endemic areas

Non peer reviewe

Developing a digital learning version of a mentorship training programme

This article describes the experience of one university team in developing, delivering and evaluating an online Nursing and Midwifery Council-approved mentorship programme for nurses and midwives who support pre-registration students in practice. Although the authors are confident of the quality of the educational provision, this article does not discuss this programme as an exemplar of best practice, but aims to share the learning gained from the experience of introducing a digital learning version of a mentorship course

Prenatal Maternal Smoking and Tourette Syndrome: A Nationwide Register Study

Peer reviewe

Low childhood high density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and subsequent risk for chronic inflammatory bowel disease

Background and aims: Several genetic and environmental risk factors have been linked to chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The incidence of IBD has significantly increased in developed countries during last decades. The aim of the present study was to examine childhood risk factors for subsequent IBD diagnosis in a longitudinal cohort study of children and adolescents. Methods: A Finnish study population consisting of 3551 children and adolescents originally evaluated as part of the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns study in 1980. At baseline, participant BMI, insulin, lipid, C-reactive protein and blood pressure levels, socioeconomic position, dietary habits, and physical activity, were evaluated. In addition, information was gathered on rural residency, severe infections, breast feeding, parental smoking and birth weight. Subsequent IBD diagnosis status was evaluated based on nationwide registries on hospitalisations and drug imbursement decisions. Results: Altogether, 49 participants (1.4%) had IBD diagnosed during the 34 years of register follow-up, of which 31 had ulcerative colitis, 12 Crohn's disease and 6 undetermined colitis. In univariate analyses, significant correlations were observed between childhood HDL-cholesterol (risk ratio (95% CI) for 1-SD change (0.58 (0.42-0.79)) and CRP concentrations (1.20 (1.01-1.43)) with IBD. The inverse association between HDL-cholesterol and IBD remained significant (0.57 (0.39-0.82)) in a multivariable model including data on age, sex and CRP. In addition, a weighted genetic z-score of 71 single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with elevated HDL-cholesterol levels was significantly lower in IBD patients, p = 0.01). Conclusion: Low childhood HDL-cholesterol levels are associated with subsequent IBD diagnosis. In addition, a genetic risk score associated with low HDL-cholesterol levels predict later IBD suggesting that HDL-cholesterol metabolism might have a role in the pathogenesis of IBD. (C) 2018 Editrice Gastroenterologica Italiana S.r.l. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Peer reviewe

Complete mitochondrial genomes and nuclear ribosomal RNA operons of two species of Diplostomum (Platyhelminthes: Trematoda): a molecular resource for taxonomy and molecular epidemiology of important fish pathogens

© 2015 Brabec et al. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http:// creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. The attached file is the published version of the article