CISG and Arbitration Clauses: Issues of Intent and Validity

CISG and Arbitration Clauses: Issues of Intent and Validit

Criminal law principles in the fight against crime

The purpose of the article is to analyze the criminal law principles in the fight against crime, to introduce a distinction between them and general principles of the State. The subject of the study is the criminal law principles in the fight against crime. Methodology. The following methods were used to achieve the goal of the Article: formal logic; description; historical and legal; comparative law; dogmatic. Results of the research. The paper analyzes and criticizes the criminal law principles in the fight against crime. Their essence and significance in the general context of combating crime are highlighted. Each principle is analyzed separately in the context of their relationship with the general principles of criminal law policy of the State. Practical meaning. It is proposed not to consider the principle of justice as criminal law one, but to place it within the framework of general philosophical principles and categories such as kindness, decency, humanism, humanity, honesty, etc. Value / originality. It is confirmed that the law on criminal liability must be fair, and therefore effective, which stems from the very matter of justice as a socio-philosophical category

DEVELOPMENT OF SIMPLIFIED METHOD OF ESTIMATION OF DEFORMATION PROCESSING OF CENTRAL ZONES OF ROLLOUT SECTION FROM CONTINUOUS COLLECTION IN ROLLING IN CALIBERS

Development of a simplified method of estimation of deformation processing of central zones of rollout section from continuous collection in rolling in calibers

АКУШЕРСЬКІ ТА ПЕРИНАТАЛЬНІ УСКЛАДНЕННЯ У ВАГІТНИХ З ХОРІОАМНІОНІТОМ

Despite the development of innovative technologies, chorioamnionitis remains a pressing problem in modern obstetrics. The aim of our study was to determine the frequency of obstetric and perinatal complications in pregnant women with chorioamnionitis. The objective of our study was to determine the frequency of obstetrics and perinatal complications in pregnant women with chorioamnionitis. Study groups were formed: Group I (main) - 100 pregnant women with chorioamnionitis, Group II (control) - 100 women with physiological pregnancy. The condition of the mother-placenta-fetus system and the functional fetal condition were assessed by Doppler ultrasound and cardiotocography. The analysis of perinatal consequences in pregnant women with chorioamnionitis was performed, in particular, a retrospective study of perinatal mortality. In the main group of patients were observed the structural changes in placenta 3.9 times more than in group II, oligohydramnios and polyhydramnios 6.9 and 5.6 times more, respectively, intrauterine growth retardation stage I was observed in 11.0% of studied in the main group, intrauterine growth retardation stage II and III were found only in pregnant women of group I (54.0% and 6.0%), respectively. In the hemodynamic disorders structure is dominated by stage II, the degree ofdisorders is 62.0%, only in women with chorioamnionitis were observed disorders in the system "mother-placenta-fetus" stage III - 9.0%.Cardiotocography analysis defined signs of fetal cardiac reactivity in 85.0% of patients. The pathological course of childbirth significantly prevailed in the studied of the main group. Intrauterine infection was diagnosed in 21.0% of cases. Early neonatal sepsis was observed in 9 (42.9%) cases, necrotizing enterocolitis in 5 (23.8%) newborns, congenital pneumonia - 7 (33.3%) cases. In the structure of antenatal fetal death, chorioamnionitis in pregnant women was diagnosed in 63.6% of patients, in the structure of early neonatal mortality - 58.3% of cases. The results of the study indicate that intraamniotic infection is a risk factor for the development of pathological pregnancy and labor with relevant perinatal complications.Despite the development of innovative technologies, chorioamnionitis remains a pressing problem in modern obstetrics. The aim of our study was to determine the frequency of obstetric and perinatal complications in pregnant women with chorioamnionitis. The objective of our study was to determine the frequency of obstetrics and perinatal complications in pregnant women with chorioamnionitis. Study groups were formed: Group I (main) - 100 pregnant women with chorioamnionitis, Group II (control) - 100 women with physiological pregnancy. The condition of the mother-placenta-fetus system and the functional fetal condition were assessed by Doppler ultrasound and cardiotocography. The analysis of perinatal consequences in pregnant women with chorioamnionitis was performed, in particular, a retrospective study of perinatal mortality. In the main group of patients were observed the structural changes in placenta 3.9 times more than in group II, oligohydramnios and polyhydramnios 6.9 and 5.6 times more, respectively, intrauterine growth retardation stage I was observed in 11.0% of studied in the main group, intrauterine growth retardation stage II and III were found only in pregnant women of group I (54.0% and 6.0%), respectively. In the hemodynamic disorders structure is dominated by stage II, the degree ofdisorders is 62.0%, only in women with chorioamnionitis were observed disorders in the system "mother-placenta-fetus" stage III - 9.0%.Cardiotocography analysis defined signs of fetal cardiac reactivity in 85.0% of patients. The pathological course of childbirth significantly prevailed in the studied of the main group. Intrauterine infection was diagnosed in 21.0% of cases. Early neonatal sepsis was observed in 9 (42.9%) cases, necrotizing enterocolitis in 5 (23.8%) newborns, congenital pneumonia - 7 (33.3%) cases. In the structure of antenatal fetal death, chorioamnionitis in pregnant women was diagnosed in 63.6% of patients, in the structure of early neonatal mortality - 58.3% of cases. The results of the study indicate that intraamniotic infection is a risk factor for the development of pathological pregnancy and labor with relevant perinatal complications

Nonprofit organizations in Russia: management features and government support

The article examines the management of nonprofit organizations in the area of prevention and correction of socially dangerous forms of citizens' behavior. The study is of great interest since such organizations have a wide range of tools for addressing social problems of deviant behavior in society. The methodology of this study predetermined the use of system, monographic, structural and logical research methods, along with the interview techniques. Statistical data and interview surveys showed that the state provided little support to organizations under examination. Their main sources of income are customer funds and private donations, which creates barriers to their development. Based on the research results, the authors concluded that the state should support nonprofit organizations in the field of prevention and correction of socially dangerous forms of citizens' behavior, as they: 1) facilitate the implementation of interests of a large number of participants in public life; 2) address the needs of various segments of the population which require additional support and protection; 3) provide services that meet the specific needs of socially vulnerable groups requiring additional support and protection. Nonprofit executives should develop special tools to improve the quality of social services and increase organizational capital

Regional education system: development characteristics, competitive environment and the need for state support

The modern system of preschool education is unique in its multidimensional nature of services since in a preschool educational institution a child is provided with upbringing, training, supervision, and care. The child's future academic performance largely depends on his preschool education. The article examines key indicators featuring the development of preschool education in the Krasnodar Region. The purpose of this study is to summarize the results of improvements in education, to determine the main guidelines for further activities. Today in the Russian Federation there are no mechanisms for a comprehensive quantitative assessment of the activities of preschool educational institutions; the assessment is implemented mainly using the method of expert estimates. Therefore, specialists of the education management bodies and heads of the educational institutions can compare the preschool educational institutions only based on these scattered data. The authors propose the following directions of state support for the development of the regional education system: 1) to determine the list of services on the market; provide a description and define their sourcing; 2) to develop an annually updated system of accounting for unmet needs of the population in preschool educational services;  3) to create a system for the development of entrepreneurship in the field of preschool education, given the support from public authorities

Influence of carmoisine on the viability of Bradyrhizobium japonicum in vitro and physiological indices of soybean under symbiosis conditions

The effect of carmoisine (azorubin) on the viability and reproduction of Bradyrhizobium japonicum (Kirchner, 1896), Jordan, 1982 in vitro and on the physiological parameters of soybean plants under conditions of symbiosis with the bacteria was studied. Sensitivity to carmoisine of selected strains of B. japonicum – 634b, 646, 614, M8, PC07, PC09, PC10 and Tn5-mutants of B. japonicum 646 – B20, B78, B144 was studied by the "hole method". It was determined that B. japonicum strains are not sensitive to carmoisine in concentrations of 0.25-1.0%, because when growing rhizobia on the surface of mannitol-yeast agar, the zones of inhibition of culture growth around the "holes" with solutions of synthetic colorant were absent. In pot experiments, the physiological response of Glycine max (L.) Merr. plants of the Almaz variety to inoculation was studied by biological preparations based on B. japonicum B78 and PC07 with carmoisine in their composition. It was shown that the studied biological products had no negative impact on plant growth and development compared to the control, and on the contrary, it contributed to the activization of biosynthetic processes, e.g., the soybean stems linear growth, the growth of aboveground mass and root system, and the chlorophylls and carotenoids accumulation during growing season

DNA Repair is Involved in Mechanism of Drug Sensibilization to Ionizing Radiation of Different Quality

It was shown that chemical compounds inhibit the process of cell recovery irradiated with sparsely and densely ionizing radiations. For both types of radiation, it was demonstrated that the irreversible component of radiation damage increases with increasing in drugs concentration, while the recovery constant, characterizing the probability of recovery per unit time, does not depend on the conditions of irradiation. This means that DNA repair is involved in mechanism of drug sensibilisation to ionizing radiation of different quality, which is associated with the formation of additional irreversible damage but not with damage of recovery processes as it was traditionally suggested. The obtained data indicate the prospects of chemical compounds using after irradiation of cells with ionizing radiations of different quality. Keywords: ionizing radiation, survival, irreversible component, recovery constant, bleocin, doxorubicin, endoxan, fluorourozil, cisplatin