Jobgaranti-reform: Potentialer og udfordringer i en dansk kontekst

Den vedvarende arbejdsløshed i vestlige økonomier siden 1970´erne har medført en løbende reformering af arbejdsmarkederne. Herhjemme har indfundet sig en udbredt forståelse af, at de eksisterende udbudsorienterede redskaber med vægt på bl.a. rådighedspligt, opkvalificering og økonomiske incitamenter ikke er tilstrækkelige, hvorfor der er behov for en ny type reformer – populært betegnet som ”2. generationsreformer”. International forskning har analyseret konsekvenserne af at bruge statsligt garanteret beskæftigelse som sikkerhedsnet på arbejdsmarkedet. Denne artikel introducerer jobgaranti-reformen i den danske fagdebat og belyser dens fordele og udfordringer i forhold til arbejdsløse dimittender og andre ledighedsgrupper

The Danish schizophrenia registry

AIM OF DATABASE: To systematically monitor and improve the quality of treatment and care of patients with schizophrenia in Denmark. In addition, the database is accessible as a resource for research. STUDY POPULATION: Patients diagnosed with schizophrenia and receiving mental health care in psychiatric hospitals or outpatient clinics. During the first year after the diagnosis, patients are classified as incident patients, and after this period as prevalent patients. MAIN VARIABLES: The registry currently contains 21 clinical quality measures in relation to the following domains: diagnostic evaluation, antipsychotic treatment including adverse reactions, cardiovascular risk factors including laboratory values, family intervention, psychoeducation, postdischarge mental health care, assessment of suicide risk in relation to discharge, and assessment of global functioning. DESCRIPTIVE DATA: The recorded data are available electronically for the reporting clinicians and responsible administrative personnel, and they are updated monthly. The registry publishes the national and regional results of all included quality measures in the annual audit reports. External researchers may obtain access to the data for use in specific research projects by applying to the steering committee. CONCLUSION: The Danish Schizophrenia Registry represents a valuable source of informative data to monitor and improve the quality of care of patients with schizophrenia in Denmark. However, continuous resources and time devoted is necessary to maintain the integrity of the registry and the validity of the data

From Competition State to Green Entrepreneurial State: New challenges for Denmark

The 2019 Danish Climate Law marks a shift from the growth-focused competition state towards a mission-oriented entrepreneurial state that promises to bring the Danish way of life within planetary boundaries. In this article, we analyse the institutional challenges that arise when reorienting the state in this direction

Parasitic helminth infections and the control of human allergic and autoimmune disorders

The profile of global health today presents a striking reciprocal distribution between parasitic diseases in many of the world’s lower-income countries, and ever-increasing levels of inflammatory disorders such as allergy, autoimmunity and inflammatory bowel diseases in the more affluent societies. Attention is particularly focused on helminth worm parasites, which are associated with protection from allergy and inflammation in both epidemiological and laboratory settings. One mechanistic explanation of this is that helminths drive the regulatory arm of the immune system, abrogating the ability of the host to expel the parasites, while also dampening reactivity to many “bystander” specificities. Interest has therefore heightened into whether helminth parasites, or their products, hold therapeutic potential for immunological disorders of the developed world. In this narrative review, progress across a range of trials is discussed, together with prospects for isolating individual molecular mediators from helminths that may offer defined new therapies for inflammatory conditions

Helminth immunomodulation in autoimmune disease

Helminths have evolved to become experts at subverting immune surveillance. Through potent and persistent immune tempering, helminths can remain undetected in human tissues for decades. Redirecting the immunomodulating "talents" of helminths to treat inflammatory human diseases is receiving intensive interest. Here, we review therapies using live parasitic worms, worm secretions, and worm-derived synthetic molecules to treat autoimmune disease. We review helminth therapy in both mouse models and clinical trials and discuss what is known on mechanisms of action. We also highlight current progress in characterizing promising new immunomodulatory molecules found in excretory/secretory products of helminths and their potential use as immunotherapies for acute and chronic inflammatory diseases

Analysing Renewable Energy Finance as an Evolving Complex System: Lessons from Offshore Wind

The development of cost-competitive renewable energy technologies has transformed the viability of deep decarbonisation pathways. Nevertheless, the current pace of USD 0.3tn annual investments in renewable energy needs to be nearly quadrupled on average between 2021-2050 to comply with a 1.5-degree Celsius scenario (IRENA, 2021, 46, 100). Scholars have examined the central role of technological learning curves, but the crucial role of investment decisions to deploy low-carbon technologies remains under-examined. This dissertation applies complexity theory to understand renewable energy finance, which makes it possible to analyse the heterogeneity, interactions, and learning processes in the investor community that constrain and enable the deployment of new low-carbon technologies at a low cost of capital. This dissertation adds empirical grounding to the complexity theory of energy finance and makes up for the neglected role of the state as an entrepreneurial investor in energy technology. The dissertation uses offshore wind as a case by studying all investment deals from the first park commissioned in 1991 to the end of 2021 with an investment database compiled for the dissertation. Complexity theory and the fine-grained data material enable a longitudinal study of how investment patterns have evolved over the entire lifetime of a low-carbon technology. It, thereby, contributes towards an empirically grounded theory of how finance and investment influence sustainability transitions. The social network analysis and qualitative accounts of the interactions among investors reveal how offshore wind financing evolved as a complex system through five phases. It also shows how entrepreneurial state investors, including utility companies and investment banks, have been decisive in shaping the evolution towards a mature private investor community. These insights are used to propose a conceptual framework for integrating the role of finance into sustainability transition research and a policy framework for how public investments can be used in financial system governance