TACTILE MAPS BASED ON 3D PRINTING TECHNOLOGY

The authors present the research seeking evaluating and developing aspects of interpretation and perception of geospace by modern tactile maps based on 3D printing. There are three newly introduced types of tactile maps. Map of type A is a tactile map printed by 3D printing technology as traditional relief tactile map with 5 mm thick background using both positive and negative relief with labelling by Braille letters. Map of type B is an inverse form of tactile map printed by 3D printing technology which will be used for casting type A tactile maps. Finally map of type C is a sound tactile map derived from map of type A posed onto box with digital voice records of geoinformation (attributes, navigations etc.) activated by touch on maps surface. The paper also describes present situation in tactile maps production and steps in recent testing the new type maps

Modelling public transport accessibility with Monte Carlo stochastic simulations: A case study of Ostrava

Activity-based micro-scale simulation models for transport modelling provide better evaluations of public transport accessibility, enabling researchers to overcome the shortage of reliable real-world data. Current simulation systems face simplifications of personal behaviour, zonal patterns, non-optimisation of public transport trips (choice of the fastest option only), and do not work with real targets and their characteristics. The new TRAMsim system uses a Monte Carlo approach, which evaluates all possible public transport and walking origin-destination (O-D) trips for k-nearest stops within a given time interval, and selects appropriate variants according to the expected scenarios and parameters derived from local surveys. For the city of Ostrava, Czechia, two commuting models were compared based on simulated movements to reach (a) randomly selected large employers and (b) proportionally selected employers using an appropriate distance-decay impedance function derived from various combinations of conditions. The validation of these models confirms the relevance of the proportional gravity-based model. Multidimensional evaluation of the potential accessibility of employers elucidates issues in several localities, including a high number of transfers, high total commuting time, low variety of accessible employers and high pedestrian mode usage. The transport accessibility evaluation based on synthetic trips offers an improved understanding of local situations and helps to assess the impact of planned changes.Web of Science1124art. no. 709

Land Use/Cover, Vulnerability Index and Exposer Intensity

This research paper mainly focus on vulnerability and exposer intensity due to land use change in Olomouc, Czech Republic. Assessment of vulnerability with exposer intensity to land use change is an important step for enhancing the understanding and decision-making to reduce vulnerability. This research work includes quantification of Exposure Index (EI), Sensitivity Index (SI) and Adaptive Capacity Index (AI). EI is based on intensity of land use change, SI and AI based on natural factors such as elevation, slope, vegetation and land cover. Vulnerability Index (VI) derived on the quantification of SI and AI and compared among three decades from 1991, 2001 and 2013. Comparing of EI and VI for last three decades, water have lowest vulnerability index and settlements have highest vulnerability index due to high socio-economic activities. Agriculture has highest exposer index and second highest vulnerability, which show its high rate of exploitation and production. In the study areas, vulnerability tends to increase with the increase of exposure to land use change, but can peak off once the land use start to benefit socio-economically from development. Only in this way we can enhance the adaptive capacity of study area to use change of land

Assessing Land Cover Change Trajectories in Olomouc, Czech Republic

Olomouc is a unique and complex landmark with widespread forestation and land use. This research work was conducted to assess important and complex land use change trajectories in Olomouc region. Multi-temporal satellite data from 1991, 2001 and 2013 were used to extract land use/cover types by object oriented classification method. To achieve the objectives, three different aspects were used: (1) Calculate the quantity of each transition; (2) Allocate location based landscape pattern (3) Compare land use/cover evaluation procedure. Land cover change trajectories shows that 16.69% agriculture, 54.33% forest and 21.98% other areas (settlement, pasture and water-body) were stable in all three decade. Approximately 30% of the study area maintained as a same land cove type from 1991 to 2013. Here broad scale of political and socio-economic factors was also affect the rate and direction of landscape changes. Distance from the settlements was the most important predictor of land cover change trajectories. This showed that most of landscape trajectories were caused by socio-economic activities and mainly led to virtuous change on the ecological environment

Assessing Land Cover Change Trajectories in Olomouc, Czech Republic

Olomouc is a unique and complex landmark with widespread forestation and land use. This research work was conducted to assess important and complex land use change trajectories in Olomouc region. Multi-temporal satellite data from 1991, 2001 and 2013 were used to extract land use/cover types by object oriented classification method. To achieve the objectives, three different aspects were used: (1) Calculate the quantity of each transition; (2) Allocate location based landscape pattern (3) Compare land use/cover evaluation procedure. Land cover change trajectories shows that 16.69% agriculture, 54.33% forest and 21.98% other areas (settlement, pasture and water-body) were stable in all three decade. Approximately 30% of the study area maintained as a same land cove type from 1991 to 2013. Here broad scale of political and socio-economic factors was also affect the rate and direction of landscape changes. Distance from the settlements was the most important predictor of land cover change trajectories. This showed that most of landscape trajectories were caused by socio-economic activities and mainly led to virtuous change on the ecological environment

SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF SPECIAL EDUCATION FOR VISION IMPAIRED PEOPLE

The article treats spatial analysis distribution of activities within special education of vision impaired children, pupils and students in the Czech Republic. It response to the research questions: What are territorial differences in content and volume of special education of vision impaired people? Are there any regional disparities? The authors applied several scientific methods – a standardized form for recording of particular contact the teacher with vision impaired person in Special Education Centre, database design, spatial analysis and map compiling. The study confirms a significant increase of disability in higher age and dominant role of the family in the care for a person with vision impaired people. The research confirmed the dominant role of regions as special needs centres authorities. Based on a unique survey the study quantified special needs centres activity

Land Use/Cover, Vulnerability Index and Exposer Intensity

This research paper mainly focus on vulnerability and exposer intensity due to land use change in Olomouc, Czech Republic. Assessment of vulnerability with exposer intensity to land use change is an important step for enhancing the understanding and decision-making to reduce vulnerability. This research work includes quantification of Exposure Index (EI), Sensitivity Index (SI) and Adaptive Capacity Index (AI). EI is based on intensity of land use change, SI and AI based on natural factors such as elevation, slope, vegetation and land cover. Vulnerability Index (VI) derived on the quantification of SI and AI and compared among three decades from 1991, 2001 and 2013. Comparing of EI and VI for last three decades, water have lowest vulnerability index and settlements have highest vulnerability index due to high socio-economic activities. Agriculture has highest exposer index and second highest vulnerability, which show its high rate of exploitation and production. In the study areas, vulnerability tends to increase with the increase of exposure to land use change, but can peak off once the land use start to benefit socio-economically from development. Only in this way we can enhance the adaptive capacity of study area to use change of land

Představení projektu GAČR: Identifikace bariér v procesu komunikace prostorových sociálně-demografických informací

Příspěvek byl podpořen projektem GAČR – 23-06187S – Identifikace bariér v procesu komunikace prostorových sociálně-demografických informac

Počítače v zeměpise :tvorba geografických didaktických programů

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