A Reactive Security Framework for Operational Wind Parks Using Service Function Chaining

The innovative application of 5G core technologies, namely Software Defined Networking (SDN) and Network Function Virtualization (NFV), can help reduce capital and operational expenditures in industrial networks. Nevertheless, SDN expands the attack surface of the communication infrastructure, thus necessitating the introduction of additional security mechanisms. A wind park is a good example of an industrial application relying on a network with strict performance, security, and reliability requirements, and was chosen as a representative example of industrial systems. This work highlights the benefit of leveraging the flexibility of SDN/NFV-enabled networks to deploy enhanced, reactive security mechanisms for the protection of the industrial network, via the use of Service Function Chaining. Moreover, a proof of concept implementation of the reactive security framework for an industrial-grade wind park network is presented. The framework is equipped with SDN and SCADA honeypots, modelled on (and deployable to) an actual, operating wind park, allowing continuous monitoring of the industrial network and detailed analysis of potential attacks, thus isolating attackers and enabling the assessment of their level of sophistication

Evaluation of eLearning in National Institute of Public Administration –INAP-. Results of MEEL study

This paper presents the overall findings of MEEL (eLearning Evaluation Model) study, conducted in 2015 for the National Institute of Public Administration (INAP) in Spain. The aim of the study is to develop an integrated evaluation model of online training in the context of public administration. This model was implemented on seven online training activities, in order to improve the use of public resources. The MEEL model includes different levels of evaluation: satisfaction, learning, instructional design, implementation and transfer. Different questionnaires and check-lists were used; these were addressed to the trainees (n=323), trainers and training managers. The evaluation results show medium-high levels of satisfaction and learning. Furthermore, learning, unlike satisfaction, is related to transfer; thus, the more learning occurs in an online training activity, more transfer will be produced in the workplace. Findings also highlight some barriers to transfer already observed in previous research on training at public administrations: lack of adjustment to the training needs, inconsistency with the organizational strategy and lack of support in the workplace