19 research outputs found
Açores, um destino cultural e paisagĂstico sustentĂĄvel
A dissertação em ĂȘnfase procura demonstrar a validade da simbiose existente entre a cultura e a natureza e a sua potencialidade em termos de comercialização turĂstica neste caso aplicado Ă realidade turĂstica do Destino Açores.
Assim sendo, a investigação prende-se por aferir os benefĂcios que a introdução do produto Touring Cultural e PaisagĂstico acarreta e a sugestĂŁo de modelos de aplicação para a sua viabilização considerando as vertentes inerentes ao princĂpio da sustentabilidade, a ecolĂłgica nomeadamente a salvaguarda dos recursos naturais, a econĂłmica visando a sustentabilidade da oferta turĂstica e a sociocultural levando ao envolvimento da população local com a actividade turĂstica.
O estudo analisou a opiniĂŁo dos intervenientes turĂsticos do subsector dos operadores turĂsticos e agĂȘncias de viagens e dos responsĂĄveis das instituiçÔes culturais. A finalidade da investigação foi perceber o estado actual do turismo na regiĂŁo, os factores imprescindĂveis para a sustentabilidade e diversificação da oferta turĂstica, o que falta aos Açores para potencializar novos produtos. De que forma o Touring Cultural e PaisagĂstico pode diversificar a oferta turĂstica, a interpretação turĂstica atravĂ©s dos guias intĂ©rpretes regionais e da população local e o que falta no interface entre o turismo e a cultura.The dissertation seeks to demonstrate the validity of the symbiosis between nature and culture and its economic and marketing potential applied to the Azores tourism destination reality.
Thus, the research aims to assess the benefits of the introduction of the Cultural & Landscape Touring and develop conceptual models for its application according to sustainability principles, namely environmental protection of natural resources, economic sustainability of tourism supply and through involvement of local communities with tourism activities associated with the socio-cultural pillar.
The purpose of the research was also to analyse the current state of tourism in the region, to identify the key factors for the diversification and sustainability of tourism supply, understand the lack of development of different tourism products in the Azores region and how Cultural & Landscape Touring could fulfil this gap. As well as, how local communities and regional tour guides involvement could contribute in tourism enhancement and identify the main gaps in the interface between tourism and culture.
Concerning data collection, stakeholders linked to travel agencies and tour operators, as well as, local cultural institutions were inquired. Unfortunately the dimension of the sample study was reduced due to the reluctance of many contacted stakeholders to participate.
An inventory of cultural and natural resources of Ponta Delgadaâs Heritage Centre in S. Miguel island performed, enable us to argue the potential of such resources although a lack of correct resource aggregation in a tourism product was identified
AnĂĄlise citogenĂ©tica clĂĄssica, molecular e ultraestrutural em escorpiĂ”es da famĂlia Buthidae: um enfoque evolutivo
The family Buthidae has about 900 species taxonomically described; however, less than 5% of these species were analyzed from the cytogenetic point of view. The diploid number in buthid ranges from 2n=5 to 2n=56, and the presence of holocentric chromosomes with synaptic and achiasmatic behavior during the meiosis I is a common feature for all previously studied species. In this work, the mitotic and meiotic chromosomes of 11 species of Buthidae scorpions (Ananteris balzanii, Rhopalurus agamemnon, Rhopalurus rochai, Tityus bahiensis, Tityus confluens, Tityus costatus, Tityus fasciolatus, Tityus maranhensis, Tityus martinpaechi, Tityus paraguayensis and Tityus stigmurus) were studied through classical, molecular and ultrastructural cytogenetic techniques, aiming to establish the responsible mechanisms for inter and intraspecific diversity of chromosomal number and/or origin of the multivalent complex associations observed during the meiosis I, as well as, the holocentric chromosome evolution. In the 11 species examined, the diploid number ranged from 2n=6 to 2n=28; multivalent chromosomal associations were observed in pachytene and postpachytene cells of species of the three genera. Moreover, an intraspecific variability regarding to the presence or absence of chromosome chains and the number of chromosomes involved in multivalent complex associations was observed in A. balzanii, R. agamemnon, R. rochai, T. bahiensis, T. maranhensis and T. paraguayensis. Silver-impregnated cells and nuclei submitted to the FISH technique revealed constancy in relation to the number and localization of the active NORs and rDNA 45S sites, respectively, despite of the high chromosomal variation verified among species, i.e., NORs located on terminal and subterminal region of two chromosomes were the common pattern for buthids... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)A famĂlia Buthidae possui cerca de 900 espĂ©cies descritas taxonomicamente; porĂ©m, menos de 5% destas espĂ©cies foram analisadas sob o ponto de vista citogenĂ©tico. O nĂșmero diploide nos butĂdeos varia entre 2n=5 a 2n=56, e a presença de cromossomos holocĂȘntricos com comportamento sinĂĄptico e aquiasmĂĄtico durante a meiose I Ă© uma caracterĂstica comum a todas as espĂ©cies previamente estudadas. Neste trabalho, os cromossomos mitĂłticos e meiĂłticos de 11 espĂ©cies de escorpiĂ”es Buthidae (Ananteris balzanii, Rhopalurus agamemnon, Rhopalurus rochai, Tityus bahiensis, Tityus confluens, Tityus costatus, Tityus fasciolatus, Tityus maranhensis, Tityus martinpaechi, Tityus paraguayensis e Tityus stigmurus) foram estudados atravĂ©s de tĂ©cnicas de citogenĂ©tica clĂĄssica, molecular e ultraestrutural, com o objetivo de estabelecer os mecanismos responsĂĄveis pela diversidade inter e intraespecĂfica de nĂșmero cromossĂŽmico e/ou origem das complexas associaçÔes multivalentes observadas durante a meiose I, bem como, a evolução dos cromossomos holocĂȘntricos. Nas 11 espĂ©cies examinadas, o nĂșmero diploide variou de 2n=6 a 2n=28 e, em representantes dos trĂȘs gĂȘneros, associaçÔes cromossĂŽmicas multivalentes foram observadas em cĂ©lulas paquitĂȘnicas e pĂłs-paquitĂȘnicas. AlĂ©m disso, uma variabilidade intraespecĂfica quanto Ă presença ou ausĂȘncia de cadeias cromossĂŽmicas e ao nĂșmero de cromossomos envolvidos nas complexas associaçÔes multivalentes foi observada em A. balzanii, R. agamemnon, R. rochai, T. bahiensis, T. maranhensis e T. paraguayensis. CĂ©lulas impregnadas pelo Ăon prata e submetidas Ă tĂ©cnica de FISH revelaram certa constĂąncia quanto ao nĂșmero e localização das RONs ativas e sĂtios de rDNA 45S, apesar da grande variação cromossĂŽmica verificada entre as espĂ©cies, visto que, RONs localizadas... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrĂŽnico abaixo)Fundação de Amparo Ă Pesquisa do Estado de SĂŁo Paulo (FAPESP
AnĂĄlise citogenĂ©tica clĂĄssica, molecular e ultraestrutural em escorpiĂ”es da famĂlia Buthidae: um enfoque evolutivo
A famĂlia Buthidae possui cerca de 900 espĂ©cies descritas taxonomicamente; porĂ©m, menos de 5% destas espĂ©cies foram analisadas sob o ponto de vista citogenĂ©tico. O nĂșmero diploide nos butĂdeos varia entre 2n=5 a 2n=56, e a presença de cromossomos holocĂȘntricos com comportamento sinĂĄptico e aquiasmĂĄtico durante a meiose I Ă© uma caracterĂstica comum a todas as espĂ©cies previamente estudadas. Neste trabalho, os cromossomos mitĂłticos e meiĂłticos de 11 espĂ©cies de escorpiĂ”es Buthidae (Ananteris balzanii, Rhopalurus agamemnon, Rhopalurus rochai, Tityus bahiensis, Tityus confluens, Tityus costatus, Tityus fasciolatus, Tityus maranhensis, Tityus martinpaechi, Tityus paraguayensis e Tityus stigmurus) foram estudados atravĂ©s de tĂ©cnicas de citogenĂ©tica clĂĄssica, molecular e ultraestrutural, com o objetivo de estabelecer os mecanismos responsĂĄveis pela diversidade inter e intraespecĂfica de nĂșmero cromossĂŽmico e/ou origem das complexas associaçÔes multivalentes observadas durante a meiose I, bem como, a evolução dos cromossomos holocĂȘntricos. Nas 11 espĂ©cies examinadas, o nĂșmero diploide variou de 2n=6 a 2n=28 e, em representantes dos trĂȘs gĂȘneros, associaçÔes cromossĂŽmicas multivalentes foram observadas em cĂ©lulas paquitĂȘnicas e pĂłs-paquitĂȘnicas. AlĂ©m disso, uma variabilidade intraespecĂfica quanto Ă presença ou ausĂȘncia de cadeias cromossĂŽmicas e ao nĂșmero de cromossomos envolvidos nas complexas associaçÔes multivalentes foi observada em A. balzanii, R. agamemnon, R. rochai, T. bahiensis, T. maranhensis e T. paraguayensis. CĂ©lulas impregnadas pelo Ăon prata e submetidas Ă tĂ©cnica de FISH revelaram certa constĂąncia quanto ao nĂșmero e localização das RONs ativas e sĂtios de rDNA 45S, apesar da grande variação cromossĂŽmica verificada entre as espĂ©cies, visto que, RONs localizadas...The family Buthidae has about 900 species taxonomically described; however, less than 5% of these species were analyzed from the cytogenetic point of view. The diploid number in buthid ranges from 2n=5 to 2n=56, and the presence of holocentric chromosomes with synaptic and achiasmatic behavior during the meiosis I is a common feature for all previously studied species. In this work, the mitotic and meiotic chromosomes of 11 species of Buthidae scorpions (Ananteris balzanii, Rhopalurus agamemnon, Rhopalurus rochai, Tityus bahiensis, Tityus confluens, Tityus costatus, Tityus fasciolatus, Tityus maranhensis, Tityus martinpaechi, Tityus paraguayensis and Tityus stigmurus) were studied through classical, molecular and ultrastructural cytogenetic techniques, aiming to establish the responsible mechanisms for inter and intraspecific diversity of chromosomal number and/or origin of the multivalent complex associations observed during the meiosis I, as well as, the holocentric chromosome evolution. In the 11 species examined, the diploid number ranged from 2n=6 to 2n=28; multivalent chromosomal associations were observed in pachytene and postpachytene cells of species of the three genera. Moreover, an intraspecific variability regarding to the presence or absence of chromosome chains and the number of chromosomes involved in multivalent complex associations was observed in A. balzanii, R. agamemnon, R. rochai, T. bahiensis, T. maranhensis and T. paraguayensis. Silver-impregnated cells and nuclei submitted to the FISH technique revealed constancy in relation to the number and localization of the active NORs and rDNA 45S sites, respectively, despite of the high chromosomal variation verified among species, i.e., NORs located on terminal and subterminal region of two chromosomes were the common pattern for buthids... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)Fundação de Amparo Ă Pesquisa do Estado de SĂŁo Paulo (FAPESP
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Buthid scorpions exhibit a high variability in diploid number within genera and even within species. Cytogenetically, Buthidae differs from other families of Scorpiones based on its low diploid numbers, holocentric chromosomes, and complex chromosomal chains, which form during meiosis. In this study, we analyzed the distribution of the 45S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) genes in the mitotic and meiotic chromosomes of seven buthid species belonging to the genera Rhopalurus and Tityus with the ultimate goal of elucidating the chromosome organization in these scorpions. The chromosome number ranged from 2n = 6 to 2n = 28. Despite the high variance in diploid number, all species examined carried their 45S rDNA sites in the terminal region of exactly two chromosomes. Analyses of meiotic cells revealed 45S rDNA clusters in the chromosomal chains of Rhopalurus agamemnon, Tityus bahiensis, Tityus confluens, and Tityus martinpaechi, or in bivalent-like configuration in Rhopalurus rochai, Tityus bahiensis, Tityus confluens, Tityus fasciolatus, and Tityus paraguayensis. In the species examined, the 45S rDNA sites colocalized with constitutive heterochromatin regions. In light of the high chromosome variability and maintenance of number and terminal position of 45S rDNA sites in buthids, the heterochromatin may act to conserve the integrity of the ribosomal genes.Fundação de Amparo Ă Pesquisa do Estado de SĂŁo Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento CientĂfico e TecnolĂłgico (CNPq
Insights into the origin of the high variability of multivalent-meiotic associations in holocentric chromosomes of <i>Tityus</i> (<i>Archaeotityus</i>) scorpions - Fig 2
<p><b>Mitotic metaphase cells of <i>Tityus</i> species after Giemsa staining (</b>A, C, E, F, H, I, J, K, M, N, P, R, S) <b>and silver impregnation</b> (B, D, G, L, O, Q, T). (A-D) <i>Tityus clathratus</i>, 2nâ = 19 (A-B) and 2nâ = 20 (C-D). (E-H) <i>Tityus mattogrossensis</i>, 2nâ = 19 (E) and 2nâ = 20 (F-H). (i-l) <i>Tityus paraguayensis</i>, 2nâ = 16 (I), 2nâ = 17 (J) and 2nâ = 18 (K-L). (M-O) <i>Tityus pusillus</i>, 2nâ = 19 (M) and 2nâ = 20 (N-O). (P-T) <i>Tityus silvestris</i>, 2nâ = 16 (P-Q) and 2nâ = 24 (R-T). In all species, the NORs (arrows) localized on the subterminal or terminal regions of two chromosomes. L = large chromosome size. S = small chromosome size. Arrowhead = constriction. Scale bar = 10ÎŒm.</p
Postpachytene cells of <i>Tityus</i> stained with Giemsa.
<p>(A-L). <i>Tityus clathratus</i> with 10II (A), 4II+IX (B), 5II+IX (C), 3II+X (D), 4II+X (E), 5II+X (F), 2II+XI (G), 3II+XI (H), 4II+XI (I), 5II+XI (J), 1II+XIII (K), 3II+XIII (L). (M-R). <i>Tityus mattogrossensis</i> with 10II (M), 6II+III+IV (N), 8II+III (O), 8II+VI (P), and a quadrivalent association (Q, R). II = bivalent. The Roman numeral indicates the number of chromosomes in the chain. Scale bar = 10ÎŒm.</p
Localization of the (TTAGG)n telomeric region (green signal) in chromosomes of <i>Tityus</i> species.
<p>(A, B, D, F) Postpachytene cells. (C, E) Pachytene cells. XII = multivalent association of 12 chromosomes. Scale bar = 10ÎŒm.</p
<i>Tityus</i> scorpions analyzed in this work, including numbers of specimens and the collection localities in Brazilian states.
<p><i>Tityus</i> scorpions analyzed in this work, including numbers of specimens and the collection localities in Brazilian states.</p
Percentages and number of cells (parentheses) in the chromosome configurations in male postpachytene cells of <i>Tityus</i> species.
<p>Percentages and number of cells (parentheses) in the chromosome configurations in male postpachytene cells of <i>Tityus</i> species.</p