Phytochemical, Antioxidant Studies of Ruellia tuberosa Linn, Heart, and Lung organs

Pletekan (Ruellia tuberosa Linn.) from Acanthaceae family is widely used traditionally to treat diabetic, diuretic, lowering blood pressure and fever. Pletekan contains phenol and flavonoid compounds which have biological effects as antioxidants. Therefore, in recent work, the content of phenol and flavonoid compounds was analysed and the antioxidant activity of Ruellia tuberosa Linn was evaluated with in vivo and in vitro methods. The antioxidant was determined in vitro with Ferric Thiocyanate (FTC) and Phosphomolybdate methods then determined in vitro by measuring lipid peroxidation products, the levels of MDA and SOD enzymes in experimental animals treated with the extract. R. tuberosa leaves ethanol extract had a total phenolic and flavonoid content of 86.95 mg GAE/g sample ±s 0,81 and 65.24 mg QE/g, respectively. Extracts provide antioxidant activity with both in vitro methods used, and the activity was increased based on concentration. Furthermore, the extract provides inhibition on MDA and increases the SOD levels characterized by an increase in inhibition value with the highest activity at a concentration of 400 mg/kg BW. Current studies have presented that there are potential activities that can be explored from pletekan leaves as a source of medicinal compounds

Antioxidant and alpha-amylase inhibitory study of Sansevieria trifasciata Prain. leaves extract

Diabetes is one of the chronic diseases whose prevalence is increasing all over the world, including in Indonesia. Diabetes mellitus is characterized by high blood glucose levels that can be overcome by, for instance, inhibiting the alpha-amylase enzymes that play a role in carbohydrate hydrolysis. Several studies have proved that active antioxidant substances can also support the treatment of diabetic patients. Snake plant (Sansevieria trifasciata Prain.), or locally known as lidah mertua in Indonesia, is a traditional herbal used to treat diabetes. This study investigated the activity of the ethanol extract of S. trifasciata leaves in inhibiting α-amylase. The leaves were extracted by maceration with ethanol 70%, followed by phytochemical screening. The antioxidant activity was determined using the DPPH method, while the inhibition of α-amylase was measured using UV-Vis spectrophotometer at 524nm wavelength. The results showed that IC50 of the antioxidant activity was 1527.55 ppm, five times greater than the positive control, i.e., vitamin C. In the case of α-amylase enzyme, the IC50 of the ethanol extract of S. trifasciata leaves was 158.31 μg/ml and 0.26 times more potential than acarbose. The study has proved that the crude extract of S. trifasciata leaves has the potential as one of the antidiabetics and antioxidants that can be studied further

Artocarpus altilis Leaves Activity in Inhibiting α-Amylase Enzyme as Oral Antidiabetic Drug Candidate

Background: The search for effective antidiabetic drugs remains to be a focus of research in the world. Artocarpus have been used as traditional medicine in South-East Asia. One of the species, Artocarpus altilis has been known in Indonesia as traditional treatment for diabetic. Objective: This research aimed to discover α-amylase inhibitor activity of Artocarpus altilis leaves. Methods: Leaves were extracted by maceration method, followed by phytochemical screening and quercetin identification using LC-MS method. Inhibition of α-amylase was measured using UV-Vis spectrophotometer at 524 nm wavelength, while antioxidant activity was determined using DPPH. Results: Artocarpus altilis leaves ethanol extract exhibited activity against α-amylase with 155.96 ppm IC50 (0.27 times relative potential compared to acarbose) and the extract showed antioxidant activity with the IC50 of 999.96 ppm. Conclusion: Artocarpus altilis showed activity as the α-amylase inhibitor

Exploration, phenolic content determination, and antioxidant activity of dominant pteridophytes in Gunung Malang Village, Mount Halimun Salak National Park, Indonesia

Rindita, Anggia V, Rahmaesa E, Devi RK, Alawiyah LF. 2020. Exploration, phenolic content determination, and antioxidant activity of dominant pteridophytes in Gunung Malang Village, Mount Halimun Salak National Park, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 3676- 3682. Pteridophytes have been known to have pharmacological activities as an antioxidant, anti-inflammation, antimicrobials, and anticancer, such as Selaginella sp. In this research, exploration was conducted in Gunung Malang Village, Mount Halimun Salak National Park (TNGHS), West Java. Samples were collected by purposive sampling method, related to its abundant populations, Histiopteris incisa, Nephrolepis biserrata, and Selaginella willdenowii were collected based on different height and light intensity. Abiotic factors were measured to know their ecological requirements. Samples were extracted using ultrasonic method. Organoleptic test, yield, and phytochemical screening were done for the crudes extract. Total phenolic level was determined with Folin-Ciocalteu method and antioxidant activity test with DPPH. Phytochemical screening showed that H. incisa contains phenolics, saponins, tannins, and steroids; N. biserrata contains phenolics, flavonoids, and saponins while S. willdenowii contains phenolics, alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, and tannins. Phenolic content of H. incisa and N. biserrata from 700 m. asl.was 9.8523 mg GAE/g ± 0.9694 and 17.5399 mg GAE/g ± 0.5350 respectively, from 1000 m. asl. was 18.1231 mgGAE/g ±2.1535 and 8.8468 mg GAE/g ± 0.1437. S. willdenowii extract collected from shaded canopy forest was 19.2324 mg GAE/g ± 0.6041 and opened canopy forest was 38.7087 mg GAE/g ± 1.484. Antioxidant IC50 of H. incisa and N. biserrata from 700 m. asl. respectively was 96.4271 ppm and 85.1907 ppm, while from 1000 m. asl. was 75.6381 ppm and 95.0678 ppm, S. willdenowii from the closed canopy is 101.7326 ppm, while from the opened canopy was 92.0998 ppm. This study shows that all ferns tested gave significant antioxidant activity and was influenced by environmental factors

Evaluasi Fitokimia dan Antioksidan dari Piper hispidum Sw. yang dikoleksi dari Desa Gunung Malang pada Vegetasi yang Berbeda

Jamaican pepper (Piper hispidum Sw.) is a wild plant, member of Piperaceae family and invasive plant species reported used to heal wounds and treat symptoms of skin leishmaniasis. This study aims to explore phytochemicals of Piper hispidum, especially phenolic content and antioxidant capacity, in two different abiotic condition of the forest, shaded and open area. Exploration of P. hispidum was conducted in Gunung Malang Village, Halimun Salak Mountain National Park (TNGHS). The sample was extracted with the ultrasonic method. The phenolic level and antioxidant activity were determined with Folin Ciocalteu and DPPH method where gallic acid was used as a standard. The total phenolic content assay showed 70% ethanol extract of P. hispidum Sw. leaves from the shaded and open forest were 17.4775 mg GAE/g and 12.6137 mg GAE/g of sample respectively. The antioxidant activity assay showed that IC50 of the sample from shaded and open forest were 94.8414 and 94.3412 ppm and gallic acid was 7.9817 ppm. This study showed that differences in vegetation and environmental abiotic factor may contributed in the amount of chemical compounds where open vegetation exposed to the sunlight had lower values than shaded but not significantly affected the antioxidant value.Jamaican pepper (Piper hispidum Sw.) adalah anggota Piperaceae, tumbuhan liar, dan merupakan jenis tumbuhan invasif yang dilaporkan digunakan untuk menyembuhkan luka dan mengobati gejala leishmaniasis kulit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kandungan fitokimia, khususnya kadar fenolik dan aktivitas antioksidan Piper hispidum di dua kondisi abiotik yang berbeda di dalam hutan, yaitu hutan terbuka dan hutan ternanungi. Eksplorasi dilakukan di Desa Gunung Malang, Taman Nasional Gunung Halimun Salak (TNGHS). Metode ekstraksi menggunakan ultrasonik, asam galat sebagai pembanding pada pengujian fenol dan metode DPPH untuk pengujian antioksidannya. Hasil uji kandungan total fenol menunjukkan ekstrak etanol 70% daun P. hispidum Sw. yang ternaung adalah 17,4775 mg GAE/g dan di hutan terbuka adalah 12,6137 mg GAE/g sampel. Uji aktivitas antioksidan menunjukkan bahwa IC50 dari vegetasi tertutup dan terbuka berturut-turut adalah 94,8414 dan 94,3412 ppm dan serta asam galat sebagai pembanding sebesar 7,9817 ppm. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perbedaan vegetasi dan faktor biotik dan abiotik dapat mempengaruhi perbedaan kadar senyawa kimia, nilai uji fenol vegetasi terbuka dan terpapar matahari memiliki nilai yang lebih rendah dibanding ternanung tetapi tidak signifikan mempengaruhi kapasitas antioksidan

Antioxidant and alpha-amylase inhibitory study of Sansevieria trifasciata Prain. leaves extract

Diabetes is one of the chronic diseases whose prevalence is increasing all over the world, including in Indonesia. Diabetes mellitus is characterized by high blood glucose levels that can be overcome by, for instance, inhibiting the alpha-amylase enzymes that play a role in carbohydrate hydrolysis. Several studies have proved that active antioxidant substances can also support the treatment of diabetic patients. Snake plant (Sansevieria trifasciata Prain.), or locally known as lidah mertua in Indonesia, is a traditional herbal used to treat diabetes. This study investigated the activity of the ethanol extract of S. trifasciata leaves in inhibiting α-amylase. The leaves were extracted by maceration with ethanol 70%, followed by phytochemical screening. The antioxidant activity was determined using the DPPH method, while the inhibition of α-amylase was measured using UV-Vis spectrophotometer at 524nm wavelength. The results showed that IC50 of the antioxidant activity was 1527.55 ppm, five times greater than the positive control, i.e., vitamin C. In the case of α-amylase enzyme, the IC50 of the ethanol extract of S. trifasciata leaves was 158.31 μg/ml and 0.26 times more potential than acarbose. The study has proved that the crude extract of S. trifasciata leaves has the potential as one of the antidiabetics and antioxidants that can be studied further.

Pembuatan Nutrisi dan Penyuluhan Penyakit Hipertensi pada Anggota PKK Delima Jakarta Timur

Menurut data SUDINKES DKI Jakarta tahun 2016 menunjukkan bahwa kotamadya Jakarta Timur memiliki jumlah populasi yang hipertensi lebih banyak dibandingkan dengan daerah lainnnya yaitu sebanyak 98422 orang. Konsumsi buah dan sayuran segar akan memberikan banyak manfaat bagi tubuh kita, bukan saja rasanya yang enak tapi buah dan sayur kaya akan antioksidan yang bermanfaat untuk mencegah terjadinya stres oksidatif dan bisa menjadi salah satu upaya dalam mencegah dan mengobati hipertensi. Berbagai buah dan sayuran banyak yang telah diteliti memberikan khasiat antihipertensi. Pada pengabdian masyarakat ini kami mengadakan Pelatihan pembuatan nutrisi dan penyuluhan penyakit hipertensi pada anggota PKK RT. 014 Perumnas Klender Jakarta Timur. Buah-buahan dan sayur-sayuran yang kami gunakan adalah belimbing, semangka, lemon, seledri dan mentimun

UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIAGREGASI PLATELET FRAKSI DARI EKSTRAK ETANOL 70% DAUN MURBEI (Morus alba L.) PADA PLASMA DARAH MANUSIA SECARA IN VITRO

Ekstrak Etanol Daun Murbei (Morus alba L.) diketahui telah memiliki aktivitas antiagregasi platelet. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antiagregasi platelet dari fraksi daun murbei. Penelitian menggunakan plasma darah manusia yang diambil dari Palang Merah Indonesia (PMI) sebagai sampel. Pengujian dibagi ke dalam 5 kelompok, yaitu kelompok negatif (KN), kelompok positif (KP) kelompok pembanding menggunakan asetosal 1 mg/ml, dan 3 kelompok uji menggunakan fraksi dari aquadest, N-heksan, dan Etil asetat dengan konsentrasi 0,08497 mg/ml. Penelitian ini dilakukan secara in vitro dengan parameter persentase agregasi platelet yang terbentuk. Hasil analisa ANOVA satu arah dan uji Tukey menunjukkan kelompok fraksi air (K3) dan kelompok fraksi N-heksan (K4) dengan nilai sig 0,000 (p>0,05) ada perbedaan bermakna terhadap KN. Dari hasil analisa statistik data diperoleh adanya pengaruh perlakuan terhadap persentase agregasi platelet (p<0,05). Kelompok fraksi etil asetat (K5) memiliki persentase agregasi platelet sebesar 7,93% dan tidak berbeda bermakna dengan kelompok asetosal sebesar 8,14% (p>0,05). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tersebut, fraksi etil asetat daun murbei memiliki potensi antiagregasi platelet yang sebanding dengan asetosal. Kata Kunci: Antiagregasi platelet, fraksi daun murbei, ADP, asetosa

Upaya Meningkatkan Pengelolaan dan Pemasaran Produk UMKM Kulit Manis Desa Pungut Mudik Kecamatan Air Hangat Timur, Kabupaten Kerinci, Provinsi Jambi

Tujuan dilaksanakannya pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini adalah untuk membantu para pelaku usaha dalam mempromosikan produk UMKM di Desa Pungut Mudik melalui pengenalan konsep manajemen pemasaran. Kegiatan pengabdian ini berjudul pengelolaan dan pemarasan produk UMKM desa Pungut Mudik Kecamatan Air Hangat timur yang tujuan utamanya adalah&nbsp; memberikan pengetahuan kepada masyarakat desa Pungut Mudik mengenai pentingnya pengelolaan UMKM serta bagaimana pemasaran yang tepat untuk produk UMKM di desa Pungut Mudik Kecamtan Air Hangat Timur. Metode kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini dimulai dengan tahap persiapan dan survei lapangan. Tahap survei ini dimulai dengan berdiskusi langsung bersama kepala Desa dan beberapa masyarakat Desa Pungut Mudik untuk mengidentifikasi kebutuhan, peluang, dan tantangan yang dihadapi oleh para pelaku usaha UMKM. Setelah materi selesai dipaparkan, dilanjutkan dengan diskusi berupa tanya jawab antara pemateri dengan peserta. Diskusi dilakukan agar peserta lebih memahami materi yang telah disampaikan. Melalui diskusi, sosialisasi tidak hanya sekedar transfer knowledge saja melainkan dapat sharing pengalaman maupun permasalahan yang sedang dihadapi mitra. Hasil dari kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini sebagai berikut: Pengetahuan peserta dalam hal ini masyarakat desa Pungut Mudik pengelolaan UMKM serta pemasaran Produk Kulit Manis sebelum kegiatan PKM mayoritas berada di kategori kurang memahami. Setelah kegiatan PKM dilaksanakan dan pemaparan materi disampaikan, diketahui bahwa pengetahuan peserta mengenai pengelolaan dan manajemen pemasaran setelah disampaikan semakin meningkat