Avaluació de la influència de la personalitat humana en el desenvolupament de software: un relat d'experiència

La personalitat dels professionals de programació informàtica ha estat un element continu d’interès en la investigació acadèmica. Els investigadors han aplicat diferents models d’anàlisi de la personalitat d’aquells professionals, en diverses àrees de l’enginyeria de software per identificar punts de millora, per promoure la satisfacció laboral i per organitzar millor els equips. Aquest treball té com a objectiu realitzar un estudi, a través d’un relat d’experiència, per avaluar el model de personalitat MBTI –Myers-Briggs Type Indication– aplicat als desenvolupadors de programació i per entendre com la personalitat humana influeix en el treball dels professionals. L’experiència s’aplicà en una universitat privada a sis professionals de programació informàtica, per mesurar la qualitat del software desenvolupat per mitjà de Mètrica de Software Orientat a Objectes. Cada software analitzat va ser desenvolupat per un únic programador. Es va trobar evidència que els programador amb el tipus de personalitat «IIPJ» –introvertit, intuïtiu, pensar, jutjar– del MBTI, presenten –respecte a la programació valorada– menors nivells de profunditat de l’arbre d’herència –DIT en anglès– i mètodes més petits –LOC, en anglès–. Com a resultat d’això, és evident que es necessiten més investigacions sobre la relació entre la personalitat i les mètriques de Software Orientat a Objectes

Aptidão física de jovens atletas do sexo masculino em relação à idade cronológica e estágio de maturação sexual

The necessity to consider the influence of physical growth and biological maturation on physical fitness development directed this study to two aims: a) to describe the development of physical fitness components of young male athletes in in relation to two different age-groups and maturational status; b) to verify the impact of biological maturation on physical fitness in two different age-groups. The sample was composed by 218 young male athletes separated in two groups (Group A = 12/13 years-old; Group B = 14/16 years-old). Aerobic capacity, lower limb power, abdominal resistance, upper limb power, velocity, agility and flexibility were measured. Sexual maturity was evaluated according to Tanner (1962). Analysis of variance ONE-WAY was used to verify differences between maturity status in each age-group. All the components of physical fitness presented increasing values among sexual maturity status from 12 to 16 years except abdominal resistance, which showed constant values in the group from 12 to 13 years old. Sexual maturation had significant effect in the upper and lower limb power as well in velocity in both age-groups, agility and flexibility for group A and abdominal resistance for group B. In conclusion, motor skills showed progress in accordance with the chronological age and level of biological maturation; the biological maturation effect was significant for both groups (12/13 years, 14/16 years) on lower limb power, upper limb power and velocity.A necessidade de considerar-se a influência do crescimento físico e da maturação biológica sobre a aptidão física direcionou este estudo a dois objetivos: a) descrever o desenvolvimento dos componentes da aptidão física de jovens atletas do sexo masculino em grupos etários e estágios maturacionais diferentes; b) verificar o impacto da maturação biológica sobre a aptidão física em dois grupos etários diferentes. A amostra foi composta por 218 jovens atletas do sexo masculino subdivididos em dois grupos etários (Grupo A = 12/13 anos; Grupo B = 14/16 anos). Foram realizados testes que envolvem a capacidade aeróbia, potência de membros inferiores e superiores, resistência muscular abdominal, velocidade de deslocamento, agilidade e flexibilidade. A maturação sexual foi realizada de acordo com o protocolo de Tanner (1962). Utilizou-se análise de variância a um fator a fim verificar diferenças entre os estágios de maturação sexual para cada grupo etário. Todos os componentes da aptidão física apresentaram valores crescentes entre os estágios de maturação sexual dos 12 aos 16 anos, com exceção da resistência muscular abdominal que manteve seus valores constantes no grupo de 12 a 13 anos. A maturação sexual teve efeito significante na potência de membros superiores e inferiores, bem como na velocidade de deslocamento em ambos os grupos etários, na agilidade e flexibilidade para o grupo mais novo e na resistência muscular abdominal para o grupo mais velho. Conclui-se que, as capacidades motoras estudadas apresentaram evolução de acordo com a idade cronológica e nível de maturação biológica; acrescenta-se que a maturação biológica teve efeito significante para ambos os grupos (12/13 anos, 14/16 anos) sobre a potência de membros inferiores, potência de membros superiores e velocidade de deslocamento

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Performance of young swimmers in 100 meters front crawl

O presente estudo teve como objetivos descrever aspectos antropométricos, de aptidão física específica e, técnicos de nado; verificar as relações existentes entre idade cronológica, antropometria, aptidão física específica e técnica de nado com o desempenho na distância de 100 metros nado Crawl e verificar a influência das variáveis antropométricas, de aptidão física específica e, técnicas de nado sobre o desempenho de jovens nadadores na distância de 100 metros Nado Crawl. Participaram do estudo 24 nadadores púberes do sexo masculino com idade de 13,0 ± 0,7 anos. A análise de regressão múltipla (método forward) foi realizada com o propósito de explicar a variabilidade da velocidade obtida nos 100 metros Nado Crawl. Velocidade média da potência anaeróbia (r² = 0,67), índice de eficiência de nado (r² = 0,62) e velocidade crítica (r² = 0,34) explicaram em 88% a variabilidade da velocidade obtida nos 100 metros nado Crawl. O modelo de regressão estatístico foi significante ao nível de 0,05 e o erro padrão de estimativa foi de 0,03. O custo energético da prova de 100 metros Nado Crawl tem papel relevante no maior peso preditivo da potência anaeróbia assim como, a inclusão da velocidade crítica (resistência aeróbia) no modelo de regressão. Quanto ao índice de eficiência de nado, é possível assegurar que, a aplicação efetiva da força contra a água é o fator determinante da economia de movimento nesta atividade, ou seja, quanto melhor a técnica de nado, menos energia será gasta e melhor será o desempenho finalThe purposes of this study were to describe: anthropometric aspects, specific physical fitness and stroking parameters; to verify relationship between anthropometric, specific physical fitness, stroking parameters and 100 meters front Crawl and to verify influence of anthropometry, specific physical fitness and stroking parameters variables over performance in 100 meters front Crawl in young swimmers. The group was composed by 24 pubertal males with 13,0 ± 0,7 years-old. Multiple regression analysis (forward method) was used to explain variance of 100 meters front Crawl velocity. Anaerobic power velocity (r² = 0,67), swimming efficiency index (r² = 0,62) and critical velocity (r² = 0,34) explained 88% of variance 100 meters front Crawl in young male pubertal swimmers. Regression model was significantly at 0,05 level and, estimative error standard was 0,03. Energetic expenditure of 100 meters front crawl has a relevant importance in predictive value of anaerobic power and inclusion of critical velocity on regression. About swimming efficiency index, effectiveness of force against water is main reason for swimming economy and, as better swimming technique, less energy will be expended resulting in better performanc

Pain and quality of life in patients undergoing radiotherapy for spinal metastatic disease treatment

Background: Radiotherapy is an important tool in the control of pain in patients with spinal metastatic disease. We aimed to evaluate pain and of quality of life of patients with spinal metastatic disease undergoing radiotherapy with supportive treatment. Methods. The study enrolled 30 patients. From January 2008 to January 2010, patients selection included those treated with a 20Gy tumour dose in five fractions. Patients completed the visual analogue scale for pain assessment and the SF-36 questionnaire for quality of life assessment. Results: The most frequent primary sites were breast, multiple myeloma, prostate and lymphoma. It was found that 14 spinal metastatic disease patients (46.66%) had restricted involvement of three or fewer vertebrae, while 16 patients (53.33%) had cases involving more than three vertebrae. The data from the visual analogue scale evaluation of pain showed that the average initial score was 5.7 points, the value 30days after the end of radiotherapy was 4.60 points and the average value 6months after treatment was 4.25 points. Notably, this final value was 25.43% lower than the value from the initial analysis. With regard to the quality of life evaluation, only the values for the functional capability and social aspects categories of the questionnaire showed significant improvement. Conclusion: Radiotherapy with supportive treatment appears to be an important tool for the treatment of pain in patients with spinal metastatic disease. © 2013 Valesin Filho et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd

The Enigmatic Stone Faces : Cult images from the Iron Age?

Proceedings from the 63rd Internationales Sachsensymposion, Durham, UK, 1-6 September, 2012.</p