Antropología de las relaciones transnacionales en las regiones de frontera. Hegemonía y resistencia en el Sistema Mundo. (2010/2012) – “Hanuin VIII”.16H312

Actividades desarrolladas durante el período: Las actividades realizadas en el período considerado se incluyen en cuatro relatórios individuales de actividades como anexos y corresponden al proyecto central y a los sub-proyectos de Historia Regional, CEDAPPA y CEDEAD

Antropología de las relaciones transnacionales en las regiones de frontera. Hegemonía y resistencia en el Sistema Mundo (2010/2012) “HANUIN VIII”.. 16H312

La presente investigación forma parte de un ciclo integrado por siete investigaciones precedentes, cuyas referencias están incluidas en el apartado de antecedentes. Dichas investigaciones cuentan con los informes de avance y finales aprobados. Su objetivo principal es conocer y describir la complejidad de la región de frontera estudiada (Triple Frontera entre Argentina, Brasil y Paraguay) ), el núcleo duro de las relaciones directas, y las acciones propias, que desde la región, protagonizan organizaciones y movimientos sociales en relación a las cada vez mas intensas amenazas de intervención militar/”humanitaria”, por parte del poder hegemónico de Estados Unidos y la intensificación de los controles estatales nacionales que responden a las presiones internacionales. ¿Qué lugar ocupa en las estrategias de la hegemonía imperial esta región? y ¿cuales son las respuestas locales tanto en acciones como en representaciones?. El proyecto posee las siguientes sub-áreas con sus respectivos coordinadores a) Centro de estudios de la población paraguaya en Argentina (CEDAPPA); b) Centro de Estudios de Antropología y Derecho (mediante un convenio de cooperación e investigadores adscriptos) y c) Área de estudios de Historia Regional El presente proyecto es la novena etapa de una secuencia que incluye ocho proyectos precedentes del programa de incentivos. Todos, menos el último, fueron bianuales y el octavo, que finalizó en el 2012, trianual. La nómina completa de estos proyectos es la siguiente: Proyectos pertenecientes al Programa de Incentivos: "Integración Regional Fronteriza: sectores vulnerables frente al impacto global. Políticas y acciones alternativas" UNaM, Sec. de Investigación FHCS. 1994-96.Informes de avance y final aprobados. Código: H-16-001 “Hanuin I” (“Hacer nuestra la integración”) En este proyecto se adoptó este nombre general que luego se repitió en toda la secuencia y que proviene de un lema formulado en un encuentro de movimientos sociales de los cuatro países del MERCOSUR.. “Estrategias de una red de movimientos sociales argentinos, brasileños y paraguayos en el marco de la integración regional fronteriza. Factores de cohesión y de conflicto”. Sec. de Invs. y Posgrado, 1996/1998.Informes de avance y final aprobados. Código: H-16-033, “Hanuin II”. “Los movimientos sociales en la integración regional. Relaciones transfronterizas de solidaridad y lucha. La cuestión agraria integral. Secretaría de Investigación y Postgrado, FHYCS, UNaM.1999-2000 Código: H-16-034, “Hanuin III”. “Interacciones transfronterizas, procesos socioculturales emergentes en el contexto de la integración. Los movimientos sociales ante el impacto del Mercosur. (Arg., Br. y Par.) (2001-2002). Código: H-16- 035 “Hanuin IV”. 4 “Procesos transfronterizos complejos: El caso de la Triple Frontera. Movimientos y organizaciones sociales, grupos “bajo sospecha”, control y políticas públicas. (2003-2005). Código: H-16- 135., “Hanuin V”. “Hegemonías y resistencias en el sistema mundo. Estados y procesos transfronterizos. El caso de la Triple frontera. (2006-2007) Código: H-16-198. Incluye el proyecto de Voluntariado CEDAPA. Convenio entre la UNaM (FHYCS) y la Comisión de Verdad y Justicia del Paraguay “Hanuin VI”. “Antropología de los procesos transfronterizos: La Triple Frontera en el sistema mundo. Complejidad y resistencia regional” Incluye el proyecto de Voluntariado CEDAPA. Convenio entre la UNaM (FHYCS) y la Comisión de Verdad y Justicia del Paraguay. (2008-2009). 16-H-245. “Hanuin VII”. “ Antropología de las relaciones transnacionales en las regiones de frontera. Hegemonía y resistencia en el sistema mundo” Incluye el proyecto CEDAPPA, Historia Regional, convenio con el CEDEAD. (2010-2012) “Hanuin VIII”,cod. 16-H-312 La inclusión de esta iformación procura ofrecer a los posibles evaluadores datos sobre la secuencia que hoy finaliza su etapa 2010-2012, pero que se continuará en el proyecto Hanuin IX que ya fue presentado. Tambien se abre una nueva instancia con la formulación de un programa que convierte a los subproyectos en proyectos.. Dicho programa lleva por título: “Investigaciónes interdisciplinarias sobre las regiones de frontera. Estado, sistemas socioculturales y terrorios” (2013/15). Una de las conclusiones del proyecto que reseñamos, fue presisamente, la necesidad de ampliar las líneas de investigación con equipos de mayor autonomía que puedan, además, atender las exigencias de creciente incorporación de auxiliares, becarios, tesistas, investigadores adscriptos o invitados

Expression of MicroRNA-15b and the glycosyltransferase GCNT3 correlates with antitumor efficacy of rosemary diterpenes in colon and pancreatic cancer

Colorectal and pancreatic cancers remain important contributors to cancer mortality burden and, therefore, new therapeutic approaches are urgently needed. Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) extracts and its components have been reported as natural potent antiproliferative agents against cancer cells. However, to potentially apply rosemary as a complementary approach for cancer therapy, additional information regarding the most effective composition, its antitumor effect in vivo and its main molecular mediators is still needed. In this work, five carnosic acid-rich supercritical rosemary extracts with different chemical compositions have been assayed for their antitumor activity both in vivo (in nude mice) and in vitro against colon and pancreatic cancer cells. We found that the antitumor effect of carnosic acid together with carnosol was higher than the sum of their effects separately, which supports the use of the rosemary extract as a whole. In addition, gene and microRNA expression analyses have been performed to ascertain its antitumor mechanism, revealing that up-regulation of the metabolic-related gene GCNT3 and down-regulation of its potential epigenetic modulator miR-15b correlate with the antitumor effect of rosemary. Moreover, plasmatic miR-15b down-regulation was detected after in vivo treatment with rosemary. Our results support the use of carnosic acid-rich rosemary extract as a complementary approach in colon and pancreatic cancer and indicate that GCNT3 expression may be involved in its antitumor mechanism and that miR-15b might be used as a non-invasive biomarker to monitor rosemary anticancer effect. © 2014 González-Vallinas et al.This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (Plan Nacional I+D+i AGL2010-21565, RyC 2008-03734; IPT-2011-1248-060000); Comunidad de Madrid (ALIBIRD, S2009/AGR-1469); and European Union Structural Funds.Peer Reviewe

Modulation of miRNA expression by RE-2 in colon cancer cells.

<p>Modulation of the expression of miRNAs targeting GCNT3 in SW620 colon cancer cells by RE-2 at 60 µg/mL during 48 h according to qRT-PCR data.</p>a<p>SUM: number of databases that report the interaction of GCNT3 and the miRNA according to <i>in silico</i> analysis.</p>b<p>mirSVR score: likelihood of mRNA downregulation by the miRNA. It is calculated by a regression model based on the sequence and contextual features of the predicted miRNA-mRNA duplex. The lower the mirSVR score, the higher the likelihood of mRNA downregulation.</p>c<p>PhastCons score: indicates the probability of negative selection and range between 0 (no conservation) and 1 (perfect conservation).</p

Modulation of gene and miRNA expression by RE-2 in colon cancer cells.

<p>Microarray data of significantly modulated genes in SW620 colon cancer cells after treatment during 48 h with three different concentrations (30, 60 and 100 µg/mL) of RE-2.</p>a<p>FC: Fold change.</p

Modulation of gene and miRNA expression by RE.

<p>(<b>A</b>) Venn diagram representing overlap of the genes significantly modulated (p<0.05 and fold change (FC) >±50%) by RE-2 at 30, 60 and 100 µg/mL after 48 h treatment in SW620 cells according to microarray data. (<b>B</b>) Up-regulation of GCNT3 gene expression in SW620 colon cancer cells by five RE's with different composition (RE-1, RE-2, RE-3, RE-4 and RE-5) at the same concentration (90 µg/mL) during 48 h. Bars represent the mean ± SEM of two independent experiments, each performed with biological triplicates and technical duplicates. ANOVA with Bonferroni's <i>post hoc</i> test was applied to test statistically significant differences among RE's. (<b>C</b>) Up-regulation of GCNT3 gene expression in SW620 colon cancer cells by 48 h treatment with RE-4 at 60 µg/mL and carnosic acid, carnosol, and the combination of both compounds at the concentrations present in this RE. Bars represent the mean ± SEM of two independent experiments, each performed with biological triplicates and technical duplicates. Student's t test was applied to determine the statistically significant differences between treated and control cells. (<b>D</b>) Down-regulation of miR-15b gene expression in SW620 colon cancer cells by 48 h treatment with RE-4 at 60 µg/mL and carnosic acid, carnosol, and the combination of both compounds at the concentrations present in this RE. Student's t test was used to test statistically significant differences between treated and control cells. (<b>E</b>) Modulation of miR-15b and miR-939 (as a negative control) in plasma of colon cancer xenograft nude mice after orally intake of RE-5 (1 mg/mL in drinking water), in comparison with the control group of mice. Bars represent mean ± SEM (n = 8). Student's t test was used to assess statistically significant differences between treated and control groups. * p≤0.05, ** p≤0.01, *** p≤0.001. RE: supercritical rosemary extract, Cc+Cl: Carnosic acid and carnosol.</p

Extraction conditions and chemical composition of supercritical fluid rosemary extracts (RE's).

a<p>Borneol, bornyl acetate, camphor, 1,8-cineol and verbenone.</p>b<p>Fractionation of the extracted material was performed by setting pressure of the first separator (S1) to 100 bar, while the second separator (S2) was maintained at the recirculation system pressure (50 bar).</p><p>P: extraction pressure, C: ethanol used as cosolvent (% w/w), t: extraction time.</p

Inhibition of cancer cell viability by different RE's in comparison with their major active components.

<p>Cell viability inhibition of cancer cells by different RE's and their equivalent concentrations of carnosic acid alone, carnosol alone, or both compounds in combination. SW620 colon and PANC-1 pancreatic cancer cells were treated with increasing concentrations of RE-2, RE-4 and RE-5, and the same concentrations of carnosic acid, carnosol, and the combination of both present in the RE's at each assayed condition. Extract ID and tumor cell line used in the assay are indicated in each graph. Results are shown as the mean ± SEM of three independent experiments, each performed in quadruplicate. Asterisks indicate statistically significant differences of carnosic acid or extract in comparison with the combination of carnosic acid and carnosol (U de Mann-Whitney; *p≤0.05; **p≤0.01). RE: supercritical rosemary extract.</p

Antitumorigenic activity of different RE's in human colon cancer xenografts.

<p>RE (test groups) or vehicle (control groups) was administered to nude mice bearing SW620 colon cancer xenografts in the drinking water (1 mg RE and 20 μL ethanol as vehicle per mL of drinking water). Three RE's with different composition (RE-3, RE-4 and RE-5, indicated in each graph) were assayed. Tumor volumes were monitored twice a week during 32–35 days. Results are shown as mean ± SEM (n = 16–20) and repeated measures ANOVA with Bonferroni's test was used to determine the statistically significant differences between treated and control groups (*p≤0.05; **p≤0.01; ***p≤0.001). RE: supercritical rosemary extract.</p

Nivel de ansiedad de los pacientes antes de ingresar a la consulta odontológica

Introduction: Dental anxiety or consulting fear to a dentist appointment and/or dental treatment, is one of the most frequent problems to the professional which can have an impact on the oral health. The objective is to assess the level of anxiety in patients that attend to appointments in a dental clinic from a private company of dental care in the year 2015. Materials and methods: The study design is cross-sectional, Corah’s Modified Dental Anxiety Scale (MDAS) was utilized. And question were made about the components of dental services that generate dental anxiety. Results: The sample consisted of 297 adult patients, 54.85 % were males and middle age was 28. It was obtained a low number of patients with extreme anxiety (7.74 %) according to the questions; being the highest percentage for local anaesthetic injection for dental treatment (85.52%). A 17.85% had a high level of anxiety and 17.85% had a severe level of anxiety. The component that caused anxiety the most was tooth extraction with a 40.40 %. Conclusion: The patient must feel as relaxed as possible when going to a dentist appointment that is why would be needed to speak with care providers about different techniques to reduce dental anxiety on patients.Introdução: a ansiedade dental ou medo ao tratamento odontológico, é uma das di culdades mais frequentes para o profissional, que pode ter impacto na saúde oral. O objetivo é avaliar o nível de ansiedade dos pacientes que acudiram às consultas na clínica odontológica de uma empresa privada de serviços odontológicos, no ano 2015. Materiais e métodos: estudo transversal no qual utilizou-se a Escala de Ansiedade Dental de Corah Modificada (MDAS), e se interrogou sobre a ansiedade que geram os componentes da consulta odontológica. Resultados: participaram um total de 297 adultos dos quais 54.85 % foram homens e a idade média foi 28 anos. Obteve-se um número baixo de pacientes com ansiedade extrema (7.74 %), senda a porcentagem mais elevado para a injeção de anestésico local (85.52 %). O 17.85 % obteve um nível de ansiedade elevada e o 17.85% severa. O componente da consulta odontológica que gerou maior nível de ansiedade foi a extração dental com 40.40%. Conclusão: o paciente deve se sentir o mais relaxado possível ao ir a uma consulta odontológica pelo que precisam-se conversas aos provedores de saúde dental acerca das diferentes técnicas para diminuir a ansiedade dental do paciente.Introducción: la ansiedad dental o miedo al tratamiento odontológico es una de las di cultades más frecuentes para el profesional, esto puede tener impacto en la salud oral. El objetivo es evaluar el nivel de ansiedad de los pacientes que acudieron a las consultas en la clínica odontológica de una empresa privada de servicios odontológicos, en 2015. Materiales y métodos: estudio transversal en el que se utilizó la Escala de Ansiedad Dental de Corah Modificada (MDAS), y se interrogó sobre la ansiedad que generan los componentes de la consulta odontológica. Resultados: participaron un total de 297 adultos de los cuales 54.85% fueron varones y la mediana de edad fue 28 años. Se obtuvo un bajo número de pacientes con ansiedad extrema (7.74 %), siendo el porcentaje más elevado para la inyección de anestésico local (85.52 %). El 17.85 % obtuvo un nivel de ansiedad elevada y el 17.85 % severa. El componente de la consulta odontológica que generó mayor nivel de ansiedad fue la extracción dental con 40.40%. Conclusión: el paciente debe sentirse lo más relajado posible al ir a una consulta odontológica por lo que se necesitan charlas a los proveedores de salud dental acerca de las diferentes técnicas para disminuir la ansiedad dental del paciente