Prevenção seletiva da ansiedade e promoção da resiliência: resultados de um programa de resiliência e prevenção da ansiedade com meninas em risco

Introduction: Research has shown that the number of children and adolescents experiencing emotional difficulties such as anxiety is escalating, especially for those groups at risk. Living in an orphanage has been considered a risk factor for delays in an individuals’ social, emotional and behavioral development. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the Spanish version of the FRIENDS program, a CBT-based resilience program, with 57 girls from low socioeconomic status (SES) background that were living in an orphanage. Method: Participants received the program for 10 consecutive weeks, and pre- and post-test measures were collected.  Measures evaluated participants’ anxiety symptoms, level of self-concept, hope, coping skills, and psychosocial difficulties. Social validity was also assessed. Results: Results showed positive changes, including a decrease in anxiety symptoms and psychosocial difficulties, as well as an increase in their proactive coping skills. Several subscales and items of the self-concept and hope outcome measures also reported statistically significant improvements. Conclusions: Participants and parents/caregivers reported that the program was both enjoyable and useful. Implications of the findings and directions for further research are discussed.Introducción: Las investigaciones han demostrado que el número de niños y adolescentes que experimentan dificultades emocionales como la ansiedad va en aumento, sobre todo para los grupos en situación de riesgo. Vivir en un orfanato se ha considerado un factor de riesgo de retraso en el desarrollo social, emocional y conductual de un individuo.   Objetivo: El objetivo de este estudio era evaluar la eficacia de la versión en español del programa friends, un programa de resiliencia basado en la tcc, con 57 niñas de bajo nivel socioeconómico (nse) que estaban viviendo en un orfanato.   Método: Las participantes recibieron el programa durante diez semanas consecutivas y se recogieron las medidas previas y posteriores a la prueba. Las medidas evaluaban los síntomas de ansiedad, el nivel de autoconcepto, la esperanza, la capacidad de afrontamiento y las dificultades psicosociales de las participantes. También se evaluó la validez social.   Resultados: Los resultados mostraron cambios positivos, incluyendo una disminución en los síntomas de ansiedad y las dificultades psicosociales, así como un aumento en su capacidad proactiva de afrontamiento. Varias subescalas y elementos de las medidas de resultado para autoconcepto y esperanza también reportaron mejorías estadísticamente significativas.   Conclusiones: Las participantes y los padres/cuidadores informaron que el programa era agradable y útil. Se discuten las implicaciones de los hallazgos y las direcciones para futuras investigaciones.Introdução: as pesquisas têm demonstrado que o número de crianças adolescentes que experimentam dificuldades emocionais como a ansiedade vem aumentando, principalmente para os grupos em situação de risco. Viver num orfanato é considerado um fator de risco de atraso no desenvolvimento social, emocional e comportamental de um indivíduo. Objetivos: o objetivo deste estudo para avaliar a eficácia da versão em espanhol do programa friends, um programa de resiliência baseado na Terapia Cognitivo-comportamental, com 57 meninas de baixo nível socioeconômico que estavam morando num orfanato. Método: as participantes receberam o programa durante dez semanas consecutivas e foram coletadas medidas prévias e posteriores à prova. As medidas avaliavam os sintomas de ansiedade, o nível de autoconceito, a esperança, a capacidade de enfrentamento e as dificuldades psicossociais das participantes. Também foi avaliada a validade social. Resultados: os resultados mostraram mudanças positivas, o que inclui uma diminuição nos sintomas de ansiedade e das dificuldades psicossociais, bem como um aumento em sua capacidade proativa de enfrentamento. Várias subescalas e elementos das medidas de resultado para autoconceito e esperança também relataram melhoras estatisticamente significativas. Conclusões: as participantes e os pais/cuidadores informaram que o programa era agradável e útil. Discutem-se as implicações dos achados e as direções para futuras pesquisas

Social Validity evaluation of the FRIENDS for Life Program with Mexican Children

This study is the first social validity evaluation of the Spanish version of the FRIENDS for Life program with Mexican children. FRIENDS for Life is a cognitive-behavioral intervention aimed at increasing social and emotional competence and decreasing anxiety and depressive symptoms in children. The program is designed to empower children and families by teaching relaxation techniques, coping and interpersonal skills, and positive thinking. Participants were 498 students, ages 9 to 11. Upon completion of the program, students, parents, and teachers were surveyed regarding their perceptions on the utility and enjoyability, and their global satisfaction. Results indicate that students, parents, and teachers evaluate the program as helpful and enjoyable. Gender differences were found, girls reported the program as more useful and enjoyable than boys. The skill that students and parents found more useful was changing negative thoughts into positive, and positive correlations were also found between level of satisfaction and outcome measures

Trastornos y calidad de sueño en trabajadores industriales de turno rotatorio y turno fijo diurno

El objetivo de este estudio fue estimar la prevalencia de los trastornos de sueño y conocer su relación con la calidad de sueño, el estrés, la depresión y variables médicas en una muestra de personal operativo, así como comparar dichas variables entre trabajadores con turno rotatorio (173) y trabajadores con turno fijo (153). Se encontró que los trabajadores con turno rotatorio presentan más trastornos del sueño como insomnio, ronquido, excesiva somnolencia diurna, entre otros; reportan una peor calidad de sueño y tienen una puntuación mayor en depresión en comparación con los trabajadores con turno habitual. Es importante continuar con investigaciones dirigidas a los trabajadores por turnos con el fin de buscar estrategias para mejorar su calidad de vida. ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of sleep disorders and their relationship with the sleep quality, stress, depression and medical variables in a sample of operational staff and compare these variables among shift workers (173 ) and fixed workers (153). We found that shift workers have more sleep disorders such as insomnia, snoring, excessive daytime sleepiness, among others, reported a poorer quality of sleep and have a higher score on depression compared with usual fixed workers. It is important to continue research with shift workers to seek strategies to improve their quality of life

Support for Comprehensive Well-being Tec de Monterrey

Mental health issues in the world have become increasingly important and are increasingly taken into account in different areas, the WHO indicates that 1 in 4 people will suffer from mental disorders in their life (WHO, 2021). In Mexico, 15.4% of the population surveyed by INEGI (2021) suffer from symptoms of depression. As part of the 2030 Strategic Plan of Tec de Monterrey whose vision is “Leadership, Vision and entrepreneurship for human flourishing”, strategies were defined for its achievement, from which is derived “Promote the integral well-being of the person in its physical, intellectual, emotional, spiritual and social.” Within this framework, key and transversal projects were defined in the institution, “Integral Well-being” being one of them. Within the “Integral Well-being” project for the three academic levels (High-school, undergraduate and Graduate) different actions have been carried out to promote the integral well-being of students. Since 2020, Tec de Monterrey, Monterrey campus has been part of the JED campus program of The JED Foundation, whose objective is to promote well-being and prevent suicide, where one of its key points is the application of the Healthy Minds Study (HMS) to the student population, composed of statistically validated questions and scales to understand comprehensive well-being, substance consumption, climate for diversity, sleep habits, mentality towards stress, among other topics. With the calibration of the instrument for its implementation in our population, it was scaled to the national level and the Integral Well-being Index was created, an extract of key questions from said instrument with which today we have visibility of comprehensive well-being and its seven dimensions of around 44,583 students where 56% are high school, 43% undergraduate and 1% graduate. The results of the two applications of the HMS in graduate students reflect that the dimensions with the highest scores are occupational and spiritual, since the majority of graduate students believe that they actively contribute to the happiness and well-being of others and report having meaning in life. While the lowest dimensions are physical and financial, 20% of students report having some symptoms of eating disorders and 28% believe that their financial situation at this time is stressful. Our current resources and structure allow us to take advantage of this information to provide support and guidance on well-being issues to students at all levels, where in graduate studies we identify students with risk factors and alerts to support with emotional counseling services on campus and strategic partners. Additionally, we can identify individual protection factors and provide specialized resources for their development both in digital media and in our official offer of Student Leadership and Training programs on all campuses

Adolescent´s percepctions about parenting practices and its relationship with mental health indicators

Este trabajo buscó identificar el valor predictivo de las prácticas parentales, tanto del padre como de la madre, percibidas por los hijos sobre algunos indicadores de ajuste en los adolescentes, específicamente sobre aspectos positivos como la autoestima, la resiliencia y las competencias socioemocionales, así como de aspectos negativos, como la ansiedad, la depresión y las conductas disruptivas. Se evaluó a 417 adolescentes mexicanos. Los resultados indicaron que la variable de control psicológico es un importante predictor de la sintomatología ansiosa y depresiva, mientras que las prácticas parentales relativas a la comunicación y a la autonomía explicaban la presencia de mejores indicadores de ajuste; así mismo, se encontró un efecto protector del control conductual materno sobre la presencia de conductas disociales. Finalmente, se discuten los resultados a la luz de la problemática contextualThe purpose of this study was to identify the predictive value of the parental practices of both parents, perceived by their children over some indicators of adjustment in adolescents. This was explored particularly on positive aspects such as self-esteem, resilience and social and emotional competences, and negative aspects such as anxiety, depression, and disruptive behaviors. Participants were 417 Mexican adolescents. Results indicated that the variable of psychological control was an important predictor of anxious and depressive symptomatology. On the other hand, parental practices related to communication and autonomy explained the presence of better indicators of adjustment. In the same way, a protective effect was found on maternal behavior control over the presence of disruptive behaviors. Finally, results are discussed to shed light on the problematic context

Trastornos y calidad de sueño en trabajadores industriales de turno rotatorio y turno fijo diurno

The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of sleep disorders and their relationship with the sleep quality, stress, depression and medical variables in a sample of operational staff and compare these variables among shift workers (173 ) and fixed workers (153). We found that shift workers have more sleep disorders such as insomnia, snoring, excessive daytime sleepiness, among others, reported a poorer quality of sleep and have a higher score on depression compared with usual fixed workers. It is important to continue research with shift workers to seek strategies to improve their quality of life.El objetivo de este estudio fue estimar la prevalencia de los trastornos de sueño y conocer su relación con la calidad de sueño, el estrés, la depresión y variables médicas en una muestra de personal operativo, así como comparar dichas variables entre trabajadores con turno rotatorio (173) y trabajadores con turno fijo (153). Se encontró que los trabajadores con turno rotatorio presentan más trastornos del sueño como insomnio, ronquido, excesiva somnolencia diurna, entre otros; reportan una peor calidad de sueño y tienen una puntuación mayor en depresión en comparación con los trabajadores con turno habitual. Es importante continuar con investigaciones dirigidas a los trabajadores por turnos con el fin de buscar estrategias para mejorar su calidad de vida

Trastornos y calidad de sueño en trabajadores industriales de turno rotatorio y turno fijo diurno

The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of sleep disorders and their relationship with the sleep quality, stress, depression and medical variables in a sample of operational staff and compare these variables among shift workers (173 ) and fixed workers (153). We found that shift workers have more sleep disorders such as insomnia, snoring, excessive daytime sleepiness, among others, reported a poorer quality of sleep and have a higher score on depression compared with usual fixed workers. It is important to continue research with shift workers to seek strategies to improve their quality of life.El objetivo de este estudio fue estimar la prevalencia de los trastornos de sueño y conocer su relación con la calidad de sueño, el estrés, la depresión y variables médicas en una muestra de personal operativo, así como comparar dichas variables entre trabajadores con turno rotatorio (173) y trabajadores con turno fijo (153). Se encontró que los trabajadores con turno rotatorio presentan más trastornos del sueño como insomnio, ronquido, excesiva somnolencia diurna, entre otros; reportan una peor calidad de sueño y tienen una puntuación mayor en depresión en comparación con los trabajadores con turno habitual. Es importante continuar con investigaciones dirigidas a los trabajadores por turnos con el fin de buscar estrategias para mejorar su calidad de vida