Liquidity preference, costly state verification, and optimal financial intermediation

Includes bibliographical references (p. 26-27)

Charge order at magnetite Fe3O4(001): surface and Verwey phase transitions

At ambient conditions, the Fe$_3$O$_4$(001) surface shows a $(\sqrt{2}\times \sqrt{2})R45^o$ reconstruction that has been proposed as the surface analog of the bulk phase below the Verwey transition temperature, T$_V$. The reconstruction disappears at a high temperature, T$_S$, through a second order transition. We calculate the temperature evolution of the surface electronic structure based on a reduced bulk unit cell of P2/m symmetry that contains the main features of the bulk charge distribution. We demonstrate that the insulating surface gap arises from the large demand of charge of the surface O, at difference with that of the bulk. Furthermore, it is coupled to a significant restructuration that inhibits the formation of trimerons at the surface. An alternative bipolaronic charge distribution emerges below T$_S$, introducing a competition between surface and bulk charge orders below T$_V$.Comment: 8 pages, 10 figure

A gynandromorph of Xylocopa augusti and an unusual record of X. iris from Brazil (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Xylocopini)

We describe and illustrate for the first time a mixed gynandromorph of Xylocopa(Neoxylocopa) augusti Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau from Buenos Aires, Argentina. Also, we document and discuss a historical specimen of the Old World carpenter bee X. (Copoxyla) iris (Christ) possibly collected in Brazil.Fil: Lucia, Mariano. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. División Entomología; ArgentinaFil: Villamil, Soledad Camila. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Agronomía. Laboratorio de Estudios Apícolas; ArgentinaFil: Gonzalez, Victor H.. University of Kansas; Estados Unido

Credit rationing by loan size in commercial loan markets

The authors present a theoretical model in which a profit-maximizing lender may ration credit to businesses by restricting loan size. Such credit rationing occurs despite the absence of differences across borrowers in default risk or loan administration costs. Moreover, the model predicts an interest rate-loan size pattern that matches that observed in U.S. commercial loan markets.Credit ; Bank loans

Deployable Arches Based on Regular Polygon Geometry

This paper discusses a deployable-arch-structure design that is built using articulated bars, commonly called a scissor-system, and is based on the regular polygon geometry. The deployed-arch shape can be determined by inscribing regular polygon geometry in a circle. It is defined by the: a. number of bars required, b. position of the pivots, c. pivot-point distances, d. bar length, and e. open-geometry angle of the arches. The goal is a deployable half dome made up of semi-arches. Traditional arch construction depends on external structures to provide stability until the keystone is set, which then allows the supports to removed. Deployable structures avoid the need for these external supports greatly simplifying the assembly process and deployment time.Postprint (published version

Computing General Equilibrium Models with Occupational Choice and Financial Frictions

This paper establishes the existence of a stationary equilibrium and a procedure to compute solutions to a class of dynamic general equilibrium models with two important features. First, occupational choice is determined endogenously as a function of heterogeneous agent type, which is defined by an agent's managerial ability and capital bequest. Heterogeneous ability is exogenous and independent across generations. In contrast, bequests link generations and the distribution of bequests evolves endogenously. Second, there is a financial market for capital loans with a deadweight intermediation cost and a repayment incentive constraint. The incentive constraint induces a non-convexity. The paper proves that the competitive equilibrium can be characterized by the bequest distribution and factor prices, and uses the monotone mixing condition to ensure that the stationary bequest distribution that arises from the agent's optimal behavior across generations exists and is unique. The paper next constructs a direct, non-parametric approach to compute the stationary solution. The method reduces the domain of the policy function, thus reducing the computational complexity of the problem.Existence; Computation; Dynamic general equilibrium; Non-convexity

Perspectivas do Developmental State no Brasil

O presente capítulo está dividido em quatro partes. Uma primeira parte recupera algumas lições da experiência coreana de Developmental State. A recuperação dessa experiência vai além de uma ilustração empírica de um país de industrialização tardia que logrou enorme sucesso em suas estratégias de catch-up. A experiência pode ser considerada matéria prima de uma espécie de tipo ideal weberiano para a construção teórica do Developmental State. Uma segunda parte situa o Developmental State no contexto do chamado novo-desenvolvimentismo. Este último é uma elaboração mais presente na América Latina. Parte-se do suposto de que há uma fertilização cruzada promissora entre o novo-desenvolvimentismo e a discussão do Developmental State. A terceira parte busca ir além do entusiasmo obtido com o relativo sucesso econômico brasileiro dos últimos anos e colocar questões estruturais que ainda precisam ser enfrentadas na construção de um Developmental State no Brasil. Algo a ser discutido em maior detalhe nesta seção tem a ver com a mudança de patamar do capitalismo brasileiro. Pensar as instituições, sua dependência de trajetória, sua construção e transformação exige pensar o capitalismo brasileiro. O conceito de capitalismo vindo da economia política clássica e ganhando proeminência nos debates contemporâneos da sociologia econômica precisa ser retomado como conceito integrador das complexas relações entre economia, política e sociedade. Ao final, são feitas considerações que permitam pensar sobre algumas perspectivas do Developmental State no Brasil

Cuernos o Matrimonios de Conveniencia o Cuando la Tragedia es Risible

En este artículo se analizan los posos trágicos presentes en el teatro cómico desde el estreno de La verbena de la Paloma en 1894 hasta el de Una noche de primavera sin sueño en 1927. Debido al éxito de los géneros cómicos durante una treintena histórica trágica llama la atención que fuera “lo cómico” y no “lo trágico” lo que arrastrara masivamente al público al teatro. Sin embargo, no faltan voces que destacan los posos de miseria y tragedia en sainetes, astracanes, esperpentos o tragedias grotescas. ¿Qué tiene de trágico el teatro cómico de estos años

Metaphor in scientific language: a study on medical texts

The object of this paper is to analyse the metaphors in specialised medical language in Spanish, in terms of the theory of metaphor developed by authors such as Lakoff and Johnson. Metaphors have been previously studied in non-specialized medical texts or in patients' explanations of their symptoms. This study focuses on written specialized medical texts aimed at doctors and students of medicine and it also revises some denominations for illnesses. Through these data it will be shown how medical language makes use of metaphorical systems. In a traditional view of metaphor, which associated it with subjectivity, scientific texts like those under analysis were not expected to contain metaphors. But the explanatory and descriptive power of metaphor makes its use relevant in these manuals whose main aim is to classify and explain concepts without room for misinterpretations