17 research outputs found

    Etude du phénomène de double échange : de l'origine microscopique aux propriétés collectives

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    Les matériaux tels les nickelates et les manganites, montrent des propriétés magnéto-électriques intéressantes liées au phénomène de double échange. L'objectif principale de ce travail est d'étudier le mécanisme de ce phénomène afin d'en comprendre l'origine, à la fois microscopique, par la détermination des interactions dominantes dans des composés moléculaires à deux centres magnétiques et macroscopique, par l'étude des effets collectifs dans des systèmes de plus grande taille. La première partie consiste en une étude par des méthodes ab initio de séries de systèmes organiques conjugués qui présentent un phénomène de double échange. Les énergies et fonctions d'onde du bas du spectre sont utilisées pour extraire les interactions du modèle de double échange. Par cette analyse nous montrons qu'il existe des systèmes organiques conjugués susceptibles de posséder des propriétés magnéto-électriques similaires à celles observées dans les matériaux constitués de métaux de transition. La deuxième partie est consacrée à une étude détaillée des propriétés collectives du modèle de double échange dans des systèmes monodimensionnels de taille variable. Des chaînes 1D de sites à deux orbitales et un ou deux électrons par sites sont étudiées au moyen de diagonalizations exactes. Nous avons développé des outils d'analyse afin d'étudier l'extension spatiale du polaron ferromagnétique et la délocalisation dans l'état fondamental. Enfin nous montrons comment le champ magnétique peut provoquer un changement drastique de la délocalisation électronique et par conséquent de la conductivité en fonction du dopage.The materials like nickelates and manganites, show extraordinary magneto-electric properties originating from the double exchange (DE) phenomenon. In this work we try to understand the origin of these properties, not only at the microscopic level, by studying systems with two magnetic centers, but also at the macroscopic level, by studying collective effects in systems with varying sizes. The first part consists of an {it ab initio} study of a series of five conjugated organic systems, with two magnetic centers each, which are susceptible to exhibit DE phenomenon. The low lying eigenstates are used to extract the parameters of the DE Hamiltonian and substantiate the model. Thus, we show that there exist conjugated organic systems which could, in principle, possess magneto-electric properties similar to those observed in materials formed of transition metal oxides. The second part consists of a detailed study of the collective properties of the double exchange Hamiltonian in one dimensional systems of variable size. One dimensional chains made up of sites with two orbitals each and one or two electrons per site are studied with exact diagonalization methods. Novel tools have been developed to quantify the size of the ferromagnetic polaron and the amount of electron delocalization in the resulting ground state. Finally, we show how a magnetic field could bring about a drastic change in the electron delocalization in the system for a given doping ratio

    Etude du phénomène de double échange : de l’origine microscopique aux propriètés collectives

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    The materials like nickelates and manganites, show extraordinarymagneto-electric properties originating from the double exchange (DE)phenomenon. In this work we try to understand the origin of these properties,not only at the microscopic level, by studying systems with two magneticcenters, but also at the macroscopic level, by studying collective effects insystems with varying sizes. The first part consists of an {it ab initio} studyof a series of five conjugated organic systems, with two magnetic centers each,which are susceptible to exhibit DE phenomenon. The low lying eigenstates areused to extract the parameters of the DE Hamiltonian and substantiate themodel. Thus, we show that there exist conjugated organic systems which could,in principle, possess magneto-electric properties similar to those observed inmaterials formed of transition metal oxides. The second part consists ofa detailed study of the collective properties of the double exchangeHamiltonian in one dimensional systems of variable size. One dimensional chainsmade up of sites with two orbitals each and one or two electrons per site arestudied with exact diagonalization methods. Novel tools have been developed toquantify the size of the ferromagnetic polaron and the amount of electrondelocalization in the resulting ground state. Finally, we show how a magneticfield could bring about a drastic change in the electron delocalization in thesystem for a given doping ratio.Les matériaux tels les nickelates et les manganites, montrent des propriétésmagnéto-électriques intéressantes liées au phénomène de double échange.L’objectif principale de ce travail est d’étudier le mécanisme de ce phénomèneafin d’en comprendre l’origine, à la fois microscopique, par la déterminationdes interactions dominantes dans des composés moléculaires à deux centresmagnétiques et macroscopique, par l’étude des effets collectifs dans dessystèmes de plus grande taille. La première partie consiste en une étude pardes méthodes ab initio de séries de systèmes organiques conjugués quiprésentent un phénomène de double échange. Les énergies et fonctions d’onde dubas du spectre sont utilisées pour extraire les interactions du modèle dedouble échange. Par cette analyse nous montrons qu’il existe des systèmesorganiques conjugués susceptibles de posséder des propriétésmagnéto-électriques similaires à celles observées dans les matériaux constituésde métaux de transition. La deuxième partie est consacrée à une étude détailléedes propriétés collectives du modèle de double échange dans des systèmesmonodimensionnels de taille variable. Des chaînes 1D de sites à deux orbitaleset un ou deux électrons par sites sont étudiées au moyen de diagonalizationsexactes. Nous avons développé des outils d’analyse afin d’étudier l’extensionspatiale du polaron ferromagnétique et la délocalisation dans l’étatfondamental. Enfin nous montrons comment le champ magnétique peut provoquer unchangement drastique de la délocalisation électronique et par conséquent de laconductivité en fonction du dopage

    Spin adaptation with determinant-based selected configuration interaction

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    Selected configuration interaction (sCI) methods, when complemented with a second order perturbative correction, provide near full configuration interaction (FCI) quality energies with only a small fraction of the Slater determinants of the FCI space. The selection of the determinants is often implemented in a determinant-based formalism, and therefore does not provide spin adapted wave functions. In other words, sCI wave functions are not eigenfunctions of the S2^\widehat{S^2} operator. In some situations, having a spin adapted wave function is essential for the proper convergence of the method. We propose an efficient algorithm which, given an arbitrary determinant space, generates all the missing Slater determinants allowing one to obtain spin adapted wave functions while avoiding working with configuration state functions. For example, generating all the possible determinants with 6 up-spin and 6 down-spin electrons in 12 open shells takes 21 CPU cycles per generated Slater determinant. We also propose a modification of the denominators in the Epstein-Nesbet perturbation theory reducing significantly the non-invariance of the second order correction with respect to different values of the spin quantum number msm_s. The computational cost of this correction is also negligible

    The Electronic Structure of Short Carbon Nanotubes: The Effects of Correlation

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    This paper presents a tight binding and ab initio study of finite zig-zag nanotubes of various diameters and lengths. The vertical energy spectra of such nanotubes are presented, as well as their spin multiplicities. The calculations performed using the tight binding approach show the existence of quasi-degenerate orbitals located around the Fermi level, thus suggesting the importance of high-quality ab initio methods, capable of a correct description of the nondynamical correlation. Such approaches (Complete Active Space SCF and Multireference Perturbation Theory calculations) were used in order to get accurate ground and nearest excited-state energies, along with the corresponding spin multiplicities

    Study of double exchange phenomenon : from microscopic origins to collective properties

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    Les matériaux tels les nickelates et les manganites, montrent des propriétés magnéto-électriques intéressantes liées au phénomène de double échange. L'objectif principale de ce travail est d'étudier le mécanisme de ce phénomène afin d'en comprendre l'origine, à la fois microscopique, par la détermination des interactions dominantes dans des composés moléculaires à deux centres magnétiques et macroscopique, par l'étude des effets collectifs dans des systèmes de plus grande taille. La première partie consiste en une étude par des méthodes ab initio de séries de systèmes organiques conjugués qui présentent un phénomène de double échange. Les énergies et fonctions d'onde du bas du spectre sont utilisées pour extraire les interactions du modèle de double échange. Par cette analyse nous montrons qu'il existe des systèmes organiques conjugués susceptibles de posséder des propriétés magnéto-électriques similaires à celles observées dans les matériaux constitués de métaux de transition. La deuxième partie est consacrée à une étude détaillée des propriétés collectives du modèle de double échange dans des systèmes monodimensionnels de taille variable. Des chaînes 1D de sites à deux orbitales et un ou deux électrons par sites sont étudiées au moyen de diagonalizations exactes. Nous avons développé des outils d'analyse afin d'étudier l'extension spatiale du polaron ferromagnétique et la délocalisation dans l'état fondamental. Enfin nous montrons comment le champ magnétique peut provoquer un changement drastique de la délocalisation électronique et par conséquent de la conductivité en fonction du dopage.The materials like nickelates and manganites, show extraordinary magneto-electric properties originating from the double exchange (DE) phenomenon. In this work we try to understand the origin of these properties, not only at the microscopic level, by studying systems with two magnetic centers, but also at the macroscopic level, by studying collective effects in systems with varying sizes. The first part consists of an {it ab initio} study of a series of five conjugated organic systems, with two magnetic centers each, which are susceptible to exhibit DE phenomenon. The low lying eigenstates are used to extract the parameters of the DE Hamiltonian and substantiate the model. Thus, we show that there exist conjugated organic systems which could, in principle, possess magneto-electric properties similar to those observed in materials formed of transition metal oxides. The second part consists of a detailed study of the collective properties of the double exchange Hamiltonian in one dimensional systems of variable size. One dimensional chains made up of sites with two orbitals each and one or two electrons per site are studied with exact diagonalization methods. Novel tools have been developed to quantify the size of the ferromagnetic polaron and the amount of electron delocalization in the resulting ground state. Finally, we show how a magnetic field could bring about a drastic change in the electron delocalization in the system for a given doping ratio

    High-Spin Chains and Crowns from Double-Exchange Mechanism

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    Special Issue "High Spin Molecules"International audienc

    Revisiting the Electronic Structure of FeS Monomers Using ab Initio Ligand Field Theory and the Angular Overlap Model

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    Iron–sulfur (FeS) proteins are universally found in nature with actives sites ranging in complexity from simple monomers to multinuclear sites from two up to eight iron atoms. These sites include mononuclear (rubredoxins), dinuclear (ferredoxins and Rieske proteins), trinuclear (e.g., hydrogenases), and tetranuclear (various ferredoxins and high-potential iron−sulfur proteins). The electronic structure of the higher-nuclearity clusters is inherently extremely complex. Hence, it is reasonable to take a bottom-up approach in which clusters of increasing nuclearity are analyzed in terms of the properties of their lower nuclearity constituents. In the present study, the first step is taken by an in-depth analysis of mononuclear FeS systems. Two different FeS molecules with phenylthiolate and methylthiolate as ligands are studied in their oxidized and reduced forms using modern wave function-based ab initio methods. The ab initio electronic spectra and wave function are presented and analyzed in detail. The very intricate electronic structure–geometry relationship in these systems is analyzed using ab initio ligand field theory (AILFT) in conjunction with the angular overlap model (AOM) parametrization scheme. The simple AOM model is used to explain the effect of geometric variations on the electronic structure. Through a comparison of the ab initio computed UV–vis absorption spectra and the available experimental spectra, the low-energy part of the many-particle spectrum is carefully analyzed. We show ab initio calculated magnetic circular dichroism spectra and present a comparison with the experimental spectrum. Finally, AILFT parameters and the ab initio spectra are compared with those obtained experimentally to understand the effect of the increased covalency of the thiolate ligands on the electronic structure of FeS monomers

    Spin-adapted selected configuration interaction in a determinant basis

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    International audienceSelected configuration interaction (sCI) methods, when complemented with a second order perturbative correction , provide near full configuration interaction (FCI) quality energies with only a small fraction of the Slater determinants of the FCI space. The selection of the determinants is often implemented in a determinant-based formalism, and therefore does not provide spin adapted wave functions. In other words, sCI wave functions are not eigenfunctions of theŜ 2 operator. In some situations, having a spin adapted wave function is essential for the proper convergence of the method. We propose an efficient algorithm which, given an arbitrary determinant space, generates all the missing Slater determinants allowing one to obtain spin adapted wave functions while avoiding working with configuration state functions. For example, generating all the possible determinants with 6 up-spin and 6 down-spin electrons in 12 open shells takes 21 CPU cycles per generated Slater determinant. We also propose a modification of the denominators in the Epstein-Nesbet perturbation theory reducing significantly the non-invariance of the second order correction with respect to different values of the spin quantum number m s. The computational cost of this correction is also negligible
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