Empirical Study on Public High School System in Vietnam: Post Doi Moi

The system of education in Vietnam is administered by the Ministry of Education and Training (MOET), and it is a broad system of state-run schools for students from about four years of age to high school age. The educational system comprises of five classes: kindergarten, primary, secondary, upper-optional (additionally alluded to as secondary school), and college level, with broadly managed exit and selection tests between each. The principal motivation behind this study is to analyze the connection between pre-secondary school factors, school condition, school structure, collective duty, scholarly optimism with the scholastic performance of the public high school students in Vietnam. SPSS analysis shows that only two variables can be a significant indicator of academic performance, that are school environment (B= -1.369, t=51.356, p<0.01) and pre-high school factor (B=-.384, t= -13.947, p<0.01) while school structure, collective responsibility, and academic optimism have found to be insignificant indicator of academic performance as compared to the other two variables in a multivariate context although, during the bivariate analysis, academic optimism had been found to be significantly related to academic performance. School environment was also found to have higher ‘B’ value compared to pre-high school factor. Hence, this study suggests that among all the independent variables studied, school environment gave the most effective towards the academic performance of students in the public high school of Vietnam

Comportement hydromécanique de matériaux constitutifs de plateformes ferroviaires anciennes

The present work deals with the coupled hydro-mechanical behaviour of the blanket layer of the old railway trackbed. The main aim is to check the operation of the trackbed without drainage and to optimize the works of modernization of old railway in cutting. Firstly, identification tests were carried out on materials taken from the site of Sénissiat. The results showed that the blanket layer soil of this site is well graded from 0 to 63 mm and has a very high density (d = 2.39 Mg/m3). Secondly, an infiltration column of 300 mm in diameter were developed to study the hydraulic behaviour of the blanket layer. A low hydraulic conductivity (ks 2.2x10-7 m/s) of this layer was estimated according to the experimental results. Thirdly, an experimental study on the mechanical behaviour of the blanket layer was performed. This study shows a significant effect of the water content on the mechanical behaviour of the blanket layer. A permanent deformation model accounting for the influence of loading cycles, loading level and hydric state was elaborated based on the experimental results. Finally, the measurements of suction, temperature and weather parameters were carried out in a cutting without drainage at the site of Moulin Blanc to complete the study of the behaviour of the trackbed without drainage. A global analysis of the laboratory results with in-situ measurements shows that the decision regarding the setup of the drainage system required to establish justifications showing limited effects of the water content, based on a in-depth study on the water cycle for each site concernedLe présent travail étudie le comportement couplé hydromécanique de la couche intermédiaire des plates-formes ferroviaires anciennes. L'objectif principal est de vérifier le fonctionnement des plates-formes sans drainage et d'optimiser les travaux de modernisation de voies anciennes en déblai. Premièrement, les essais d'identification ont été réalisés sur les matériaux prélevés sur le site de Sénissiat. Les résultats ont montré que le sol de la couche intermédiaire de ce site présente une granulométrie bien étalée de 0 à 63 mm et une densité très élevée (d = 2,39 Mg/m3). Deuxièmement, une nouvelle colonne d'infiltration et un moule de compression de 300 mm de diamètre ont été développés permettant d'étudier le comportement hydraulique de la couche intermédiaire. Une faible perméabilité (ks 2,2.10-7 m/s) de cette couche a été estimée à partir des résultats expérimentaux. Troisièmement, une étude expérimentale sur le comportement mécanique de la couche intermédiaire a été réalisée. Cette étude a mis en évidence l'influence marquée de la teneur en eau sur le comportement mécanique de la couche intermédiaire. Un modèle de fatigue avec prise en compte de l'influence du nombre de cycles, du niveau de contrainte appliqué et de l'état hydrique a été élaboré en se basant sur les résultats expérimentaux. Finalement, les mesures de succion, de température et de paramètres météorologiques ont été réalisées sur les plates-formes en déblai sans drainage du site de Moulin Blanc pour compléter l'étude du comportement des plates-formes sans drainage. Une analyse globale des résultats obtenus au laboratoire avec les mesures in-situ a montré que la décision de ne pas mettre en place un dispositif de drainage devra être assortie de justificatifs permettant de s'assurer de la limitation de la teneur en eau de la couche intermédiaire, en se basant sur une étude approfondie sur le cycle d'eau pour chaque site concern

Analysis of profit of generation company in power market

In recent decades, the operation of power systems in the power market model has been researched and applied by many countries. The profit of generation companies is always interested in research to ensure operation and balance of power market. This paper studies and analysis profit of generation companies to participate in the power market. In addition, this paper has analyzed the participation of new generation in the power market with 39-bus IEEE power system

A Slow March from Social Evil to Harm Reduction: Drugs and Drug Policy in Vietnam

The suppression of drug consumption and trade is high on the Government of Vietnam’s agenda. To accomplish this goal, Vietnam employs repressive policies that often contravene international human rights law. Among the most detrimental and problematic policies are the incarceration of drug users in compulsory treatment centers, and the stigmatization and abuse of consumers by the police. That said, Vietnamese drug policy is slowly changing in the face of one of Asia’s worst ongoing HIV epidemics. While the Communist Government of the early-1990s designated illicit drugs as a “social evil” to be eradicated through punitive and often repressive means, the recent implementation of harm reduction approaches have reduced the level of needle sharing, and thus HIV transmission. This briefing will explore the current trends in drug consumption, production, and trafficking before looking at the key harms and threats associated with drugs in Vietnam. This will be followed by a summary of Vietnam’s drug policies, including the country’s approach to drug treatment, harm reduction, and illicit opium suppression—Vietnam is one of a small number of states to have suppressed illicit opium production, an intervention that centred upon coercive negotiations with limited alternative development. The briefing will conclude with some tentative recommendations for reform and thoughts on what could be expected from Vietnam during the Special Session of the United Nations General Assembly on the World Drug Problem (UNGASS 2016)

A general formula for the index of depth stability of edge ideals

By a classical result of Brodmann, the function $\operatorname{depth} R/I^t$ is asymptotically a constant, i.e. there is a number $s$ such that $\operatorname{depth} R/I^t = \operatorname{depth} R/I^s$ for $t > s$. One calls the smallest number $s$ with this property the index of depth stability of $I$ and denotes it by $\operatorname{dstab}(I)$. This invariant remains mysterious til now. The main result of this paper gives an explicit formula for $\operatorname{dstab}(I)$ when $I$ is an arbitrary ideal generated by squarefree monomials of degree 2. That is the first general case where one can characterize $\operatorname{dstab}(I)$ explicitly. The formula expresses $\operatorname{dstab}(I)$ in terms of the associated graph. The proof involves new techniques which relate different topics such as simplicial complexes, systems of linear inequalities, graph parallelizations, and ear decompositions. It provides an effective method for the study of powers of edge ideals.Comment: 23 pages, 4 figure

Thermoresistance of p-Type 4H–SiC Integrated MEMS Devices for High-Temperature Sensing

There is an increasing demand for the development and integration of multifunctional sensing modules into power electronic devices that can operate in high temperature environments. Here, the authors demonstrate the tunable thermoresistance of p‐type 4H–SiC for a wide temperature range from the room temperature to above 800 K with integrated flow sensing functionality into a single power electronic chip. The electrical resistance of p‐type 4H–SiC is found to exponentially decrease with increasing temperature to a threshold temperature of 536 K. The temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR) shows a large and negative value from −2100 to −7600 ppm K−1, corresponding to a thermal index of 625 K. From the threshold temperature of 536–846 K, the electrical resistance shows excellent linearity with a positive TCR value of 900 ppm K−1. The authors successfully demonstrate the integration of p–4H–SiC flow sensing functionality with a high sensitivity of 1.035 μA(m s−1)−0.5 mW−1. These insights in the electrical transport of p–4H–SiC aid to improve the performance of p–4H–SiC integrated temperature and flow sensing systems, as well as the design consideration and integration of thermal sensors into 4H–SiC power electronic systems operating at high temperatures of up to 846 K