Extracción y balance de nutrientes para trigo y distintas secuencias de cultivos en el área de influencia de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales, UNLP

El desplazamiento de los sistemas de producción mixtos, la incorporación de tierras de menor aptitud para la agricultura, la gran intensificación y homogeneidad de algunos cultivos sin considerar algún tipo de rotación es un hecho evidente. Los rendimientos cada vez mayores e índices de extracción de nutrientes crecientes están generando desde hace décadas un empobrecimiento de los suelos ya que las fertilizaciones no alcanzan a reponer los nutrientes exportados. La zona de influencia de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales (FCAyF), UNLP, no queda afuera de este problema. Los objetivos de este trabajo fueron: i) evaluar la producción de biomasa y el rendimiento del trigo como último componente de distintas secuencias de cultivos (S1: trigo/soja 2º-maíz–soja–trigo; S2: cebada/soja 2º-maíz–soja–trigo; S3: avena/soja 2º-maíz–girasol–trigo y S4: colza/soja 2º- maíz–sorgo–trigo) bajo dos manejos tecnológicos: nivel medio (NTM: manejo del productor promedio) y nivel alto (NTA: manejo del productor de punta), ii) evaluar la extracción de nutrientes y el balance de nitrógeno (N) y fosforo (P) para el cultivo de trigo y para cada secuencia completa. Los ensayos se llevaron a cabo en la Estación Experimental J. Hirschhorn (Los Hornos), dependiente de la FCAyF, sobre un suelo Argiudol típico. El diseño experimental fue en bloques al azar con cuatro repeticiones y en parcelas divididas, correspondiendo la parcela principal a la secuencia de cultivos y la subparcela al manejo tecnológico. Los datos obtenidos se procesaron por el análisis de la varianza y se usó la prueba de Tukey para la comparación de medias (P<0,05). Se utilizó el programa estadístico InfoStat. La producción de trigo se vio modificada según la secuencia antecesora. Los mayores rendimientos del trigo se dieron cuando el antecesor inmediato fue soja (S1: 4.295,11 kgha-1 y S2: 4.464,94 kgha-1 ), además de haber realizado las mayores extracciones de nutrientes. Los balances de N en trigo fueron negativos para tres de las cuatro secuencias (S1: -13,58 kgha-1 , S2: -16,66 kgha-1 y S3: -12,35 kgha-1 ) y el de P fue negativo en los cuatro casos. El nivel tecnológico no garantizó un mayor rendimiento de trigo, pero el NTA aseguro una mayor reposición de N. Considerando las secuencias completas, el rendimiento total en grano fue superior en la S2 (32.212,44 kg.ha-1 ), que se diferenció significativamente de las restantes secuencias. En orden decreciente de rendimiento le siguieron la S1, S4 y por último la S3. Las menores extracciones de nutrientes se dieron en la S3. En los cuatro casos los balances de N y P fueron negativos. Con el NTA se logró el mayor rendimiento en grano (NTA: 29.391,11 kg.ha-1 y NTM: 27.526,9 kg.ha-1 ) además de asegurar una mayor reposición de N

Encouraging Women Participation in Free and Open Source Software Organizations: The GNOME OPW Initiative

Even though the global demand for computing talent is surging, women’s representation in the computing profession has steadily declined. This phenomenon is not new and is present worldwide, not being associated with a particular country or culture. The reason of why women tend to avoid computing careers does not have a clear answer yet and is being researched by several organizations, institutions and companies. The GNOME Outreach Program for Women (OPW) internships has been inspired by this fact. Focused on the context of Free and Open Source Software (FOSS) organizations, the GNOME’s OPW is performing a great effort for the integration of women in this particular area of CS. This paper analyzes several issues on how can women be encouraged to participate in FOSS organizations, based on the experiences of a former GNOME OPW intern. In addition we discuss the role of different stakeholders (organizations, universities) in improving women participation in FOSS organizations in Argentina.Sociedad Argentina de Informática e Investigación Operativ

Encouraging Women Participation in Free and Open Source Software Organizations: The GNOME OPW Initiative

Even though the global demand for computing talent is surging, women’s representation in the computing profession has steadily declined. This phenomenon is not new and is present worldwide, not being associated with a particular country or culture. The reason of why women tend to avoid computing careers does not have a clear answer yet and is being researched by several organizations, institutions and companies. The GNOME Outreach Program for Women (OPW) internships has been inspired by this fact. Focused on the context of Free and Open Source Software (FOSS) organizations, the GNOME’s OPW is performing a great effort for the integration of women in this particular area of CS. This paper analyzes several issues on how can women be encouraged to participate in FOSS organizations, based on the experiences of a former GNOME OPW intern. In addition we discuss the role of different stakeholders (organizations, universities) in improving women participation in FOSS organizations in Argentina.Sociedad Argentina de Informática e Investigación Operativ

Encouraging Women Participation in Free and Open Source Software Organizations: The GNOME OPW Initiative

Even though the global demand for computing talent is surging, women’s representation in the computing profession has steadily declined. This phenomenon is not new and is present worldwide, not being associated with a particular country or culture. The reason of why women tend to avoid computing careers does not have a clear answer yet and is being researched by several organizations, institutions and companies. The GNOME Outreach Program for Women (OPW) internships has been inspired by this fact. Focused on the context of Free and Open Source Software (FOSS) organizations, the GNOME’s OPW is performing a great effort for the integration of women in this particular area of CS. This paper analyzes several issues on how can women be encouraged to participate in FOSS organizations, based on the experiences of a former GNOME OPW intern. In addition we discuss the role of different stakeholders (organizations, universities) in improving women participation in FOSS organizations in Argentina.Sociedad Argentina de Informática e Investigación Operativ

Capacidades Técnicas, Legales y de Gestión para Equipos Blue Team y Red Team

Como parte final de un proceso de Pentesting, realizado por equipos Red Team y Blue Team se debe realizar un informe de los fallos encontrados en la seguridad de la información, igualmente se deben plantear estrategias y técnicas que permitan corregir los errores y endurecer el esquema de seguridad para reducir los riesgos a los que se puede exponer una empresa o entidad del estado. Posterior al análisis del informe la alta gerencia deberá tomar decisiones al respecto y replantear su visión sobre la seguridad de la información que al final es el activo más importante para la empresa.As a final part of a Pentesting process, carried out by Red Team and Blue Team teams, a report must be made of the failures found in information security, strategies and techniques must also be proposed to correct errors and harden the security scheme. security to reduce the risks to which a company or state entity may be exposed. After analyzing the report, senior management must make decisions in this regard and rethink their vision of information security, which in the end is the most important asset for the company

HIV testing practices among men who have sex with men in Buenos Aires, Argentina

The objective of the study was to explore HIV-testing practices among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Buenos Aires, Argentina, in light of current international health guidelines that recommend frequent HIV testing for MSM who engage in high-risk behavior. Participants, who were recruited using respondent-driven sampling (RDS), were 500 mostly young, nongay-identified MSM of low socioeconomic status, high levels of unemployment, living mainly in the less-affluent areas surrounding Buenos Aires, and lacking health insurance. They provided blood samples for HIV testing and responded to a Computer Assisted Self Interview. Fifty-two percent had never been tested for HIV, and 20% had been tested only once; 17% were found to be HIV infected, of whom almost half were unaware of their status. Main reasons for never having tested previously were: not feeling at risk, fear of finding out results, and not knowing where to get tested. Among those previously tested, men had been tested a median of 2 times with their most recent test having occurred a median of 2.7 years prior to study enrollment. Of those who had not tested positive before entering the study, only 41% returned for their results. HIV testing was infrequent and insufficient for early detection of infection, entry into treatment, and protection of sexual partners. This was particularly the case among nongay-identified MSM. Testing campaigns should aim to help MSM become aware of their risk behavior, decrease fear of testing by explaining available treatment resources and decreasing the stigma associated with HIV, and by publicizing information about free and confidential testing locations. Rapid HIV testing should be made available to eliminate the need for a return visit and make results immediately available to individuals who are tested.Fil: Carballo Diéguez, Alex. Columbia University; Estados UnidosFil: Balán, Iván C.. Columbia University; Estados UnidosFil: Dolezal, Curtis. Columbia University; Estados UnidosFil: Pando, María de los Ángeles. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Departamento de Microbiología. Centro Nacional de Referencia para el Sida; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y Sida. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y Sida; ArgentinaFil: Marone, Ruben. Nexo Asociación Civil; ArgentinaFil: Barreda, Victoria. Nexo Asociación Civil; ArgentinaFil: Ávila, María Mercedes. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Departamento de Microbiología. Centro Nacional de Referencia para el Sida; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y Sida. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y Sida; Argentin

Childhood sexual experiences with an older partner among men who have sex with men in Buenos Aires, Argentina

This study sought to describe childhood sexual experiences with older partners (CSEOP) among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Buenos Aires, Argentina. MSM were recruited through respondent driven sampling. They responded to a computer administered self-interview with questions on CSEOP, operationalized as manual, oral, genital, or anal contact prior to age 13 with a partner at least 4 years older. Of the 500 respondents, only 25% identified as gay. Eighteen percent of the respondents reported CSEOP, the majority of whom did not feel they were hurt by the experience and did not consider it to be childhood sexual abuse (CSA). Over two-thirds of MSM who reported CSEOP said that their older partner was a female. Only 4% of those with a female partner felt their experience was CSA compared to 44% of those who had a male partner. Among all men reporting CSEOP, those who felt sexually abused were more likely to have been physically forced or threatened, physically hurt, and emotionally hurt than those who did not feel sexually abused. Having CSEOP, being hurt by the experiences, and perceiving the experiences as sexual abuse were not associated with current HIV sexual risk or substance use behavior. In this sample of MSM in Argentina, a substantial minority reported CSEOP. Those who felt they had been sexually abused were much more likely to have had an older male partner than an older female partner, and were more likely to report having been physically forced and threatened by their older partner.Fil: Dolezal, Curtis. Columbia University; Estados UnidosFil: Carballo Diéguez, A.. Columbia University; Estados UnidosFil: Balán, Iván C.. Columbia University; Estados UnidosFil: Pando, María de los Ángeles. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y Sida. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y Sida; ArgentinaFil: Mabragaña, Marina. Columbia University; Estados UnidosFil: Marone, Ruben. Nexo Asociación Civil; ArgentinaFil: Barreda, Victoria. Nexo Asociación Civil; ArgentinaFil: Ávila, María Mercedes. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y Sida. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y Sida; Argentin

Effects of COVID-19 Pandemic on Progress Test Performance in German-Speaking Countries

Background. The COVID-19 pandemic has been the source of many challenges for medical students worldwide. The authors examined short-term effects on the knowledge gain of medical students in German-speaking countries. Methods. The development of the knowledge gain of medical students during the pandemic was measured by comparing the outcomes of shared questions within Berlin Progress Test (PT) pairs. The PT is a formative test of 200 multiple choice questions at the graduate level, which provides feedback to students on knowledge and knowledge gain during their course of study. It is provided to about 11,000 students in Germany and Austria around the beginning of each semester. We analyzed three successive test pairs: PT36-PT41 (both conducted before the pandemic), PT37-PT42 (PT37 took place before the pandemic; PT42 was conducted from April 2020 onwards), and PT38-PT43 (PT38 was administered before the pandemic; PT43 started in November 2020). The authors used mixed-effect regression models and compared the absolute variations in the percentage of correct answers per subject. Results. The most recent test of each PT pair showed a higher mean score compared to the previous test in the same pair (PT36-PT41 : 2.53 (95% CI: 1.31-3.75), PT37-PT42 : 3.72 (2.57-4.88), and PT38-PT43 : 5.66 (4.63-6.69)). Analogously, an increase in the share of correct answers was observed for most medical disciplines, with Epidemiology showing the most remarkable upsurge. Conclusions. Overall, PT performance improved during the pandemic, which we take as an indication that the sudden shift to online learning did not have a negative effect on the knowledge gain of students. We consider that these results may be helpful in advancing innovative approaches to medical education

Protocol for evaluating neuronal polarity in murine models

The establishment of polarity is crucial for the physiology and wiring of neurons. Therefore, monitoring the axo-dendritic specification allows the mechanisms and signals associated with development, growth, and disease to be explored. Here, we describe major and minor steps to study polarity acquisition, using primary cultures of hippocampal neurons isolated from embryonic rat hippocampi, for in vitro monitoring. Furthermore, we use in utero electroporated, GFP-expressing embryonic mouse brains for visualizing cortical neuron migration and polarization in situ. Some underreported after-protocol steps are also included. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Wilson et al. (2020).Fil: Wilson Rodriguez, Carlos. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Investigación Médica Mercedes y Martín Ferreyra. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Instituto de Investigación Médica Mercedes y Martín Ferreyra; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba; ArgentinaFil: Rozés Salvador, María Victoria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Investigación Médica Mercedes y Martín Ferreyra. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Instituto de Investigación Médica Mercedes y Martín Ferreyra; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba; ArgentinaFil: Martínez Cáceres, Alfredo Iván. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Investigación Médica Mercedes y Martín Ferreyra. Grupo Vinculado Centro de Investigación en Medicina Traslacional Severo R. Amuchástegui - Cimetsa | Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Instituto de Investigación Médica Mercedes y Martín Ferreyra. Grupo Vinculado Centro de Investigación en Medicina Traslacional Severo R. Amuchástegui - Cimetsa | Instituto de Investigación Médica Mercedes y Martín Ferreyra. Instituto de Investigación Médica Mercedes y Martín Ferreyra. Grupo Vinculado Centro de Investigación en Medicina Traslacional Severo R. Amuchástegui - Cimetsa.; Argentin