41 research outputs found
Panser les deux mondes. MĂ©decines et sports, entre principes hippocratiques et performances
Le « sport / santé », constat dâun impensĂ© En mars 2009, Roselyne Bachelot-Narquin, ministre de la SantĂ© et des Sports, exposait en ces termes les conditions de son accession aux fonctions dirigeantes dans ce domaine : « Lorsque le prĂ©sident de la RĂ©publique mâa signifiĂ© son intention de me nommer Ă ce poste, ses attentes Ă©taient claires : dĂ©sormais, on ne pourrait plus penser de maniĂšre sĂ©parĂ©e le sport et la santé ». Des mots rapidement suivis de faits. Bernard Laporte et Brice Hortefeux,..
Panser les deux mondes. MĂ©decines et sports, entre principes hippocratiques et performances.
In order to define the scope of sport medical care, one has to think about a field which is jammed between the double mechanism of social âsportivisationâ and âmedicalisationâ. According to practitionnersâ biographies and their places of practise, the links between medicine and physical activities are manifold. Making use of sport in order to build a medical career and compensate for professional failure or to the contrary using medicine in view of adopting a performance project thus making an old wish come true are two different logics. They drive medical health officers to antinomic positions and originally opposed visions, hovering between a pratcise of medicine which is not part of high level sportâs rules of conduct and another one which is dedicated to records without being worried by deontology.Circonscrire lâespace de la mĂ©decine du sport nĂ©cessite de penser un univers pris dans la double contrainte des processus de sportivisation et de mĂ©dicalisation de la vie sociale. Selon les biographies des agents et leurs lieux dâexercices, les liens entre la mĂ©decine et les activitĂ©s physiques sâinscrivent dans des logiques diffĂ©rentes. Utiliser le sport pour construire une carriĂšre mĂ©dicale et compenser des trajectoires professionnelles heurtĂ©es ou Ă lâinverse utiliser la mĂ©decine pour sâengager dans un projet sportif et bĂ©nĂ©ficier dâun prestige longtemps convoitĂ© renvoie Ă deux formes dâinstrumentalisation qui ouvrent des positionnements antinomiques. Entre une mĂ©decine Ă©trangĂšre aux normes du sport de haut niveau, entiĂšrement dirigĂ©e par les principes hippocratiques et une mĂ©decine de lâexploit qui se met au service de la performance et se joue de la dĂ©ontologie, les visions du monde et les pratiques professionnelles qui en dĂ©coulent portent la marque dâune opposition originelle
Panser les deux mondes. MĂ©decines et sports, entre principes hippocratiques et performances
Le « sport / santé », constat dâun impensĂ© En mars 2009, Roselyne Bachelot-Narquin, ministre de la SantĂ© et des Sports, exposait en ces termes les conditions de son accession aux fonctions dirigeantes dans ce domaine : « Lorsque le prĂ©sident de la RĂ©publique mâa signifiĂ© son intention de me nommer Ă ce poste, ses attentes Ă©taient claires : dĂ©sormais, on ne pourrait plus penser de maniĂšre sĂ©parĂ©e le sport et la santé ». Des mots rapidement suivis de faits. Bernard Laporte et Brice Hortefeux,..
Les médecins du football
Cet article interroge les conditions sociales et structurelles dâouverture des positions mĂ©dicales dans le monde du football professionnel. Les logiques Ă©conomiques et vocationnelles sont dĂ©terminantes, mais ne doivent pas ĂȘtre surestimĂ©es car elles nâagissent pas seules. Vouloir vivre du football, pour le football, ne suffit pas. Encore faut-il se faire embaucher. Les voies de lâengagement sont marquĂ©es dâune profonde diversitĂ©, qui sâexplique par la multiplicitĂ© des agents recruteurs et lâabsence de mandataire clairement identifiĂ© pour autoriser lâaccĂšs des mĂ©decins au sein des clubs. La saisonnalitĂ© des rĂ©sultats en compĂ©tition construit en outre un calendrier des recrutements fluctuant et peu prĂ©visible. Or ces fenĂȘtres dâopportunitĂ© sâouvrent Ă des moments spĂ©cifiques des carriĂšres mĂ©dicales, et un projet de travail dans le football qui pouvait ĂȘtre envisageable un temps peut sâavĂ©rer inopportun plus tard. On comprend alors, Ă rebours des entretiens conduits avec les mĂ©decins et au cours desquels les enquĂȘtĂ©s sont prompts Ă saluer le « hasard » dâune « belle rencontre », combien sont nombreuses les conditions qui rendent possible et envisageable lâoccupation de telles positions.This article examines the social and structural conditions of the opening of medical staff positions in professional football. Economic and vocational mindsets are determining factors, but should not be overestimated because they donât act alone. Earning a living from football is not enough. You still have to get hired. The diverse ways to incite doctors to apply for these positions are conditioned by the multiplicity of recruiting agents and the absence of a clearly identified agent who can authorize the access of doctors within the clubs. The seasonal nature of competition results also builds a fluctuating and unpredictable recruitment calendar. However, these windows of opportunity open up at specific moments in medical careers, and an employment in football that is a good opportunity at one time, may prove to be ill-timed later on. We can then understand to what extent the recruitment conditions are numerous and how this number makes possible and desirable the occupation of such positions
Genome analysis of the necrotrophic fungal pathogens Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Botrytis cinerea
Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Botrytis cinerea are closely related necrotrophic plant pathogenic fungi notable for their wide host ranges and environmental persistence. These attributes have made these species models for understanding the complexity of necrotrophic, broad host-range pathogenicity. Despite their similarities, the two species differ in mating behaviour and the ability to produce asexual spores. We have sequenced the genomes of one strain of S. sclerotiorum and two strains of B. cinerea. The comparative analysis of these genomes relative to one another and to other sequenced fungal genomes is provided here. Their 38â39 Mb genomes include 11,860â14,270 predicted genes, which share 83% amino acid identity on average between the two species. We have mapped the S. sclerotiorum assembly to 16 chromosomes and found large-scale co-linearity with the B. cinerea genomes. Seven percent of the S. sclerotiorum genome comprises transposable elements compared t
Genomic Analysis of the Necrotrophic Fungal Pathogens Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Botrytis cinerea
Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Botrytis cinerea are closely related necrotrophic plant pathogenic fungi notable for their wide host ranges and environmental persistence. These attributes have made these species models for understanding the complexity of necrotrophic, broad host-range pathogenicity. Despite their similarities, the two species differ in mating behaviour and the ability to produce asexual spores. We have sequenced the genomes of one strain of S. sclerotiorum and two strains of B. cinerea. The comparative analysis of these genomes relative to one another and to other sequenced fungal genomes is provided here. Their 38â39 Mb genomes include 11,860â14,270 predicted genes, which share 83% amino acid identity on average between the two species. We have mapped the S. sclerotiorum assembly to 16 chromosomes and found large-scale co-linearity with the B. cinerea genomes. Seven percent of the S. sclerotiorum genome comprises transposable elements compared to <1% of B. cinerea. The arsenal of genes associated with necrotrophic processes is similar between the species, including genes involved in plant cell wall degradation and oxalic acid production. Analysis of secondary metabolism gene clusters revealed an expansion in number and diversity of B. cinereaâspecific secondary metabolites relative to S. sclerotiorum. The potential diversity in secondary metabolism might be involved in adaptation to specific ecological niches. Comparative genome analysis revealed the basis of differing sexual mating compatibility systems between S. sclerotiorum and B. cinerea. The organization of the mating-type loci differs, and their structures provide evidence for the evolution of heterothallism from homothallism. These data shed light on the evolutionary and mechanistic bases of the genetically complex traits of necrotrophic pathogenicity and sexual mating. This resource should facilitate the functional studies designed to better understand what makes these fungi such successful and persistent pathogens of agronomic crops
« Confraternellement vÎtre. Transfert de responsabilité médicale et dénégation du travail dans le sport professionnel »
International audienc
« âDonner corps Ă la performance sportiveâ. La place des mesures mĂ©dicales dans la construction dâun corps âcapableâ »
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« La dimension charnelle de lâethnographie. Ou lorsque le corps du chercheur âfait le dĂ©corâ »
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