41 research outputs found

    Panser les deux mondes. MĂ©decines et sports, entre principes hippocratiques et performances

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    Le « sport / santé », constat d’un impensĂ© En mars 2009, Roselyne Bachelot-Narquin, ministre de la SantĂ© et des Sports, exposait en ces termes les conditions de son accession aux fonctions dirigeantes dans ce domaine : « Lorsque le prĂ©sident de la RĂ©publique m’a signifiĂ© son intention de me nommer Ă  ce poste, ses attentes Ă©taient claires : dĂ©sormais, on ne pourrait plus penser de maniĂšre sĂ©parĂ©e le sport et la santé ». Des mots rapidement suivis de faits. Bernard Laporte et Brice Hortefeux,..

    Panser les deux mondes. MĂ©decines et sports, entre principes hippocratiques et performances.

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    In order to define the scope of sport medical care, one has to think about a field which is jammed between the double mechanism of social “sportivisation” and “medicalisation”. According to practitionners’ biographies and their places of practise, the links between medicine and physical activities are manifold. Making use of sport in order to build a medical career and compensate for professional failure or to the contrary using medicine in view of adopting a performance project thus making an old wish come true are two different logics. They drive medical health officers to antinomic positions and originally opposed visions, hovering between a pratcise of medicine which is not part of high level sport’s rules of conduct and another one which is dedicated to records without being worried by deontology.Circonscrire l’espace de la mĂ©decine du sport nĂ©cessite de penser un univers pris dans la double contrainte des processus de sportivisation et de mĂ©dicalisation de la vie sociale. Selon les biographies des agents et leurs lieux d’exercices, les liens entre la mĂ©decine et les activitĂ©s physiques s’inscrivent dans des logiques diffĂ©rentes. Utiliser le sport pour construire une carriĂšre mĂ©dicale et compenser des trajectoires professionnelles heurtĂ©es ou Ă  l’inverse utiliser la mĂ©decine pour s’engager dans un projet sportif et bĂ©nĂ©ficier d’un prestige longtemps convoitĂ© renvoie Ă  deux formes d’instrumentalisation qui ouvrent des positionnements antinomiques. Entre une mĂ©decine Ă©trangĂšre aux normes du sport de haut niveau, entiĂšrement dirigĂ©e par les principes hippocratiques et une mĂ©decine de l’exploit qui se met au service de la performance et se joue de la dĂ©ontologie, les visions du monde et les pratiques professionnelles qui en dĂ©coulent portent la marque d’une opposition originelle

    Panser les deux mondes. MĂ©decines et sports, entre principes hippocratiques et performances

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    Le « sport / santé », constat d’un impensĂ© En mars 2009, Roselyne Bachelot-Narquin, ministre de la SantĂ© et des Sports, exposait en ces termes les conditions de son accession aux fonctions dirigeantes dans ce domaine : « Lorsque le prĂ©sident de la RĂ©publique m’a signifiĂ© son intention de me nommer Ă  ce poste, ses attentes Ă©taient claires : dĂ©sormais, on ne pourrait plus penser de maniĂšre sĂ©parĂ©e le sport et la santé ». Des mots rapidement suivis de faits. Bernard Laporte et Brice Hortefeux,..

    Les médecins du football

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    Cet article interroge les conditions sociales et structurelles d’ouverture des positions mĂ©dicales dans le monde du football professionnel. Les logiques Ă©conomiques et vocationnelles sont dĂ©terminantes, mais ne doivent pas ĂȘtre surestimĂ©es car elles n’agissent pas seules. Vouloir vivre du football, pour le football, ne suffit pas. Encore faut-il se faire embaucher. Les voies de l’engagement sont marquĂ©es d’une profonde diversitĂ©, qui s’explique par la multiplicitĂ© des agents recruteurs et l’absence de mandataire clairement identifiĂ© pour autoriser l’accĂšs des mĂ©decins au sein des clubs. La saisonnalitĂ© des rĂ©sultats en compĂ©tition construit en outre un calendrier des recrutements fluctuant et peu prĂ©visible. Or ces fenĂȘtres d’opportunitĂ© s’ouvrent Ă  des moments spĂ©cifiques des carriĂšres mĂ©dicales, et un projet de travail dans le football qui pouvait ĂȘtre envisageable un temps peut s’avĂ©rer inopportun plus tard. On comprend alors, Ă  rebours des entretiens conduits avec les mĂ©decins et au cours desquels les enquĂȘtĂ©s sont prompts Ă  saluer le « hasard » d’une « belle rencontre », combien sont nombreuses les conditions qui rendent possible et envisageable l’occupation de telles positions.This article examines the social and structural conditions of the opening of medical staff positions in professional football. Economic and vocational mindsets are determining factors, but should not be overestimated because they don’t act alone. Earning a living from football is not enough. You still have to get hired. The diverse ways to incite doctors to apply for these positions are conditioned by the multiplicity of recruiting agents and the absence of a clearly identified agent who can authorize the access of doctors within the clubs. The seasonal nature of competition results also builds a fluctuating and unpredictable recruitment calendar. However, these windows of opportunity open up at specific moments in medical careers, and an employment in football that is a good opportunity at one time, may prove to be ill-timed later on. We can then understand to what extent the recruitment conditions are numerous and how this number makes possible and desirable the occupation of such positions

    Genome analysis of the necrotrophic fungal pathogens Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Botrytis cinerea

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    Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Botrytis cinerea are closely related necrotrophic plant pathogenic fungi notable for their wide host ranges and environmental persistence. These attributes have made these species models for understanding the complexity of necrotrophic, broad host-range pathogenicity. Despite their similarities, the two species differ in mating behaviour and the ability to produce asexual spores. We have sequenced the genomes of one strain of S. sclerotiorum and two strains of B. cinerea. The comparative analysis of these genomes relative to one another and to other sequenced fungal genomes is provided here. Their 38–39 Mb genomes include 11,860–14,270 predicted genes, which share 83% amino acid identity on average between the two species. We have mapped the S. sclerotiorum assembly to 16 chromosomes and found large-scale co-linearity with the B. cinerea genomes. Seven percent of the S. sclerotiorum genome comprises transposable elements compared t

    Genomic Analysis of the Necrotrophic Fungal Pathogens Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Botrytis cinerea

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    Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Botrytis cinerea are closely related necrotrophic plant pathogenic fungi notable for their wide host ranges and environmental persistence. These attributes have made these species models for understanding the complexity of necrotrophic, broad host-range pathogenicity. Despite their similarities, the two species differ in mating behaviour and the ability to produce asexual spores. We have sequenced the genomes of one strain of S. sclerotiorum and two strains of B. cinerea. The comparative analysis of these genomes relative to one another and to other sequenced fungal genomes is provided here. Their 38–39 Mb genomes include 11,860–14,270 predicted genes, which share 83% amino acid identity on average between the two species. We have mapped the S. sclerotiorum assembly to 16 chromosomes and found large-scale co-linearity with the B. cinerea genomes. Seven percent of the S. sclerotiorum genome comprises transposable elements compared to <1% of B. cinerea. The arsenal of genes associated with necrotrophic processes is similar between the species, including genes involved in plant cell wall degradation and oxalic acid production. Analysis of secondary metabolism gene clusters revealed an expansion in number and diversity of B. cinerea–specific secondary metabolites relative to S. sclerotiorum. The potential diversity in secondary metabolism might be involved in adaptation to specific ecological niches. Comparative genome analysis revealed the basis of differing sexual mating compatibility systems between S. sclerotiorum and B. cinerea. The organization of the mating-type loci differs, and their structures provide evidence for the evolution of heterothallism from homothallism. These data shed light on the evolutionary and mechanistic bases of the genetically complex traits of necrotrophic pathogenicity and sexual mating. This resource should facilitate the functional studies designed to better understand what makes these fungi such successful and persistent pathogens of agronomic crops

    Le 'sport santé', un marché qui fait courir

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