30 research outputs found

    How to... Revisar un artículo científico

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    Uno de los pilares básicos de la publicación científica contemporánea es la denominada “revisión por pares” o “peer-review”. Si usted ha sido elegido como revisor de uno de los artículos enviados para su publicación en Archivos de Medicina Univeristaria, es debido a que es usted un “par” del autor de dicho trabajo, es decir, una persona con un nivel de formación y experiencia investigadora semejante y equiparable. Además, en opinión del Comité Editorial de AMU, usted atesora un nivel de conocimiento y experiencia sobre la temática del artículo en revisión que hacen que su opinión sobre el mismo sea inestimable

    Family Refusal to Consent Donation: Retrospective Quantitative Analysis of Its Increasing Tendency and the Associated Factors Over the Last Decade at a Spanish Hospital.

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    Background Organ and tissue recovery remains limited by several factors. This study retrospectively analyzes the factors associated with family refusal to consent to donation at a high-donor-volume Spanish hospital. Methods Data regarding the annual number of potential donors and family refusal rates at hospital and regional levels were retrieved from 2008 to 2017. Descriptive, bivariate, and multivariate analyses were performed to detect those factors independently associated with family refusal. Results were cross-validated using the data from years 2018 and 2019 as the validation group. To explore potential inter-relations between factors a Multiple Correspondence Analysis was performed. Results A total of 601 family interviews for petition of consent were conducted between 2008 and 2017, 531 (88.4%) resulted in acceptance and 70 (11.6%) resulted in refusal of the donation. Lesser experience of the interviewers (odds ratio [OR], 2.980; P = .001), donation after brain death (OR, 2.485; P = .013), number of interviews conducted per family (OR, 1.892; P < .001), age of the main decision maker (OR, 1.025; P = .045), and high or middle attributed cultural levels (OR, 0.142; P < .001 and OR, 0.199; P < .001 respectively) were observed to be independently associated with the family final decision. The logistic regression model displayed good predictive power for both derivation and validation cohorts, with an overall predictive accuracy of 80.9% (95% confidence interval, 0.747-0.870; P < .001) and 74.4% (95% confidence interval, 0.635-0.854; P = .001), respectively. Conclusions Transplant coordination team members having a thorough knowledge of the family decision mechanisms may be a key factor in donation process optimization.post-print633 K

    Ultrastructural analysis of mesenchymal differentiation into cartilage induced by PEA/PHEA scaffold (Abstract)

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    Viñuela-Prieto, J.; Panadero Pérez, JA.; Antolinos Turpín, CM.; Ribeiro, C.; Gómez-Tejedor, JA.; Lanceros-Méndez, S.; Gómez Ribelles, JL.... (2013). Ultrastructural analysis of mesenchymal differentiation into cartilage induced by PEA/PHEA scaffold (Abstract). Histology and Histopathology. 28:47-47. doi:10.14670/HH-sehit13S47472

    Effect of functionalized PHEMA micro- and nano-particles on the viscoelastic properties of fibrin-agarose biomaterials

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    Two types of PHEMA-based particles, exhibiting either carboxyl or tertiary ammine functional groups, were incorporated to fibrin-agarose (FA) hydrogels, and the effect of the addition of these synthetic particles on the viscoelastic and microstructural properties of the biomaterials was evaluated. Experimental results indicated that the incorporation of both types of polymeric particles to FA scaffolds was able to improve the biomechanical properties of the biomaterials under steady state and oscillatory shear stresses, resulting in scaffolds characterized by higher values of the storage, loss, and shear moduli. In addition, the microstructural evaluation of the scaffolds showed that the nanoparticles exhibiting carboxyl functional groups were homogeneously distributed across the fibrous network of the hydrogels. The addition of both types of artificial polymeric particles was able to enhance the viscoelastic properties of the FA hydrogels, allowing the biomaterials to reach levels of mechanical consistency under shear stresses in the same range of some human native soft tissues, which could allow these biomaterials to be used as scaffolds for new tissue engineering applications.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

    Virological Correlates of IgM–IgG Patterns of Response to SARS-CoV-2 Infection According to Targeted Antigens

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    The virological meaning of the different patterns of serology in COVID-19 has been little examined in clinical settings. Asymptomatic subjects with IgM-spike (S) and IgG-nucleocapsid (N) determinations by chemiluminescence were studied for SARS-CoV-2 shedding in respiratory secretions by transcription-mediated amplification (TMA). In subjects showing IgM-S positive and IgG-N negative, IgG-S was determined by lateral flow assay. A total of 712 individuals were tested: 30.0% presented IgM-S(+)/IgG-N(−), 25.8% had IgM-S(+)/IgG-N(+) and 44.2% had IgM-S(−)/IgG-N(+); the proportion with TMA(+) were comparable in these three groups: 12.1, 8.7 and 10.5%, respectively. In individuals with IgM-S(+)/IgG-N(−), IgG-S(+) was detected in 66.5%. The frequency of IgM-S(+)/IgG-S(−) in the total population was 10.0%, of whom 24.1% had TMA(+); the chances for TMA(+) in subjects with an IgM-S(+) alone pattern were 2.4%. Targeting of the same SARS-CoV-2 antigen seems to be better for the characterization of IgM/IgG patterns of response. IgM-S(+) alone reactivity is rare, and a small proportion is associated with viral shedding

    Clinical Outcomes of a Zika Virus Mother-Child Pair Cohort in Spain

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    BACKGROUND: Zika virus (ZIKV) infection has been associated with congenital microcephaly and other neurodevelopmental abnormalities. There is little published research on the effect of maternal ZIKV infection in a non-endemic European region. We aimed to describe the outcomes of pregnant travelers diagnosed as ZIKV-infected in Spain, and their exposed children. METHODS: This prospective observational cohort study of nine referral hospitals enrolled pregnant women (PW) who travelled to endemic areas during their pregnancy or the two previous months, or those whose sexual partners visited endemic areas in the previous 6 months. Infants of ZIKV-infected mothers were followed for about two years. RESULTS: ZIKV infection was diagnosed in 163 PW; 112 (70%) were asymptomatic and 24 (14.7%) were confirmed cases. Among 143 infants, 14 (9.8%) had adverse outcomes during follow-up; three had a congenital Zika syndrome (CZS), and 11 other potential Zika-related outcomes. The overall incidence of CZS was 2.1% (95%CI: 0.4-6.0%), but among infants born to ZIKV-confirmed mothers, this increased to 15.8% (95%CI: 3.4-39.6%). CONCLUSIONS: A nearly 10% overall risk of neurologic and hearing adverse outcomes was found in ZIKV-exposed children born to a ZIKV-infected traveler PW. Longer-term follow-up of these children is needed to assess whether there are any later-onset manifestations

    Neurosurgical emergency management during the lockdown period in health care regions in Spain with different COVID-19 impact: lessons learned to improve outcomes on the future waves

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    Background COVID-19 has overloaded health care systems, testing the capacity and response in every European region. Concerns were raised regarding the impact of resources’ reorganization on certain emergency pathology management. The aim of the present study was to assess the impact of the outbreak (in terms of reduction of neurosurgical emergencies) during lockdown in different regions of Spain. Methods We analyzed the impact of the outbreak in four different affected regions by descriptive statistics and univariate comparison with same period of two previous years. These regions differed in their incidence level (high/low) and in the time of excess mortality with respect to lockdown declaration. That allowed us to analyze their influence on the characteristics of neurosurgical emergencies registered for every region. Results 1185 patients from 18 neurosurgical centers were included. Neurosurgical emergencies that underwent surgery dropped 24.41% and 28.15% in 2020 when compared with 2019 and 2018, respectively. A higher reduction was reported for the most affected regions by COVID-19. Non-traumatic spine experienced the most significant decrease in number of cases. Life-threatening conditions did not suffer a reduction in any health care region. Conclusions COVID-19 affected dramatically the neurosurgical emergency management. The most significant reduction in neurosurgical emergencies occurred on those regions that were hit unexpectedly by the pandemic, as resources were focused on fighting the virus. As a consequence, life-threating and non-life-threatening conditions’ mortality raised. Results in regions who had time to prepare for the hit were congruent with an organized and sensible neurosurgical decision-making.Peer reviewe

    Voluntad de granito

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    Correlation between resistance mechanisms in Staphylococcus aureus and cell wall and septum thickening

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    Ana Bel&eacute;n Garc&iacute;a,1 Jos&eacute; Manuel Vi&ntilde;uela-Prieto,1 Laura L&oacute;pez-Gonz&aacute;lez,1 Francisco Javier Candel1,2 1Department of Clinical Microbiology, Hospital Cl&iacute;nico San Carlos, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain; 2Health Research Institute, Hospital Universitario San Carlos, Madrid, Spain Purpose: The aim of the present study is to examine cell wall and septum thickening of methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA), methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), and methicillin- and linezolid-resistant S. aureus (MLRSA) isolates by transmission electron microscopy to correlate the association of resistance mechanisms with major changes in the morphology of membrane or septum.Materials and methods: MSSA, MRSA, and MLRSA strains obtained from clinical samples of an outbreak that occurred in 2010 at the Intensive Care Unit of our Hospital were thawed and sown at 37&deg;C in blood agar overnight. After that, they were washed, pelleted, and treated with a fixer solution. Pellets were dehydrated and finally embedded in resin. Transmission electron microscopy was used to characterize cell wall and septum thickening in all isolates. The comparison between the measurements obtained for each group was performed by a Kruskal&ndash;Wallis test and a post hoc Dunn&ndash;Bonferroni&rsquo;s pairwise comparison method.Results: Differences in cell wall and septum thickness were statistically significant (P&lt;0.001 and P&lt;0.001, respectively) between the three groups. Moreover, significant differences were detected in wall and septum thickness between the MSSA and MRSA strains (P&lt;0.001 and P&lt;0.001, respectively) and between the MSSA and MLRSA strains (P&lt;0.001 and P&lt;0.001, respectively) but not between the MRSA and MLRSA strains (P=0.386 and P=0.117).Conclusion: In this analysis, we correlate the resistance mediated by alterations in the cell membrane of S. aureus (methicillin-resistant, for example) with a greater thickness of the wall or septum. The resistance added to linezolid did not determine significant changes in the characteristics of the wall or septum with respect to those strains resistant only to methicillin. Keywords: linezolid-resistant S. aureus, vancomycin intermediate S. aureus, VISA, protein synthesis inhibitor antibiotics, TE
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