Miss

This study analyses a two-phase porous medium whose permeability and solid viscosity are dependent on porosity. It has been established experimentally and numerically that when such a medium is subjected to shear, the porosity rearranges into stripes of high and low porosity known as melt bands (Holtzman et al. 2003; Katz et al. 2006; Butler 2009). This study uses linear theory and numerical simulations to analyze the formation of melt bands with ongoing melting and buoyancy forces. This is the first study to use analytical methods to isolate the effects of internal melting on melt bands. This study first looks at a square geometry with a simple shear stress regime to look at the effects different parameters have on the bands. The second model is used to validate the results of the first model as an analogue for the movement under the Mid-Ocean Ridge by implementing a more complex geometry based on the stream function from Spiegelman and McKenzie (1987). Both numerical and analytical results for the square geometry showed that the internal melting and strain-rate exponent, which increases the viscosity’s dependence on strain rate, both decrease the growth of the bands. The results showed that internal melting increases the effects of the strain-rate exponent on the angle of maximum growth (deviating it symmetrically about 45 degrees), but the effect is small. While buoyancy was shown to cause oscillations which are dampened by the addition of internal melting, the growth of bands is not affected. The presence of ongoing melting when bulk viscosity is constant decreases the growth rate and therefore decreases the expected magnitude of the melt bands. However, when bulk viscosity is dependent on porosity and strain-rate, the internal melting has a marginal effect on the formation of the bands. This means that the melt bands in the upper mantle may still be a viable solution for: channeling melt towards mid-ocean ridges, acting to induce seismic anisotropy, and acting as pathways of enhanced electrical conductivity

Effects of Internal Melting and Buoyancy on Melt Band Evolution: Implications for Mid-Ocean Ridge Melt Transport

This study analyses a two-phase porous medium whose permeability and solid viscosity are dependent on porosity. It has been established experimentally and numerically that when such a medium is subjected to shear, the porosity rearranges into stripes of high and low porosity known as melt bands (Holtzman et al. 2003; Katz et al. 2006; Butler 2009). This study uses linear theory and numerical simulations to analyze the formation of melt bands with ongoing melting and buoyancy forces. This is the first study to use analytical methods to isolate the effects of internal melting on melt bands. This study first looks at a square geometry with a simple shear stress regime to look at the effects different parameters have on the bands. The second model is used to validate the results of the first model as an analogue for the movement under the Mid-Ocean Ridge by implementing a more complex geometry based on the stream function from Spiegelman and McKenzie (1987). Both numerical and analytical results for the square geometry showed that the internal melting and strain-rate exponent, which increases the viscosity’s dependence on strain rate, both decrease the growth of the bands. The results showed that internal melting increases the effects of the strain-rate exponent on the angle of maximum growth (deviating it symmetrically about 45 degrees), but the effect is small. While buoyancy was shown to cause oscillations which are dampened by the addition of internal melting, the growth of bands is not affected. The presence of ongoing melting when bulk viscosity is constant decreases the growth rate and therefore decreases the expected magnitude of the melt bands. However, when bulk viscosity is dependent on porosity and strain-rate, the internal melting has a marginal effect on the formation of the bands. This means that the melt bands in the upper mantle may still be a viable solution for: channeling melt towards mid-ocean ridges, acting to induce seismic anisotropy, and acting as pathways of enhanced electrical conductivity

'I cannot give up now!': the story of a Norwegian public sector entrepreneurs endeavours to revolutionize communication between two healthcare organizations

Source at https://www.elgaronline.com/.2013 was a year of big changes for Anna.1 Throughout much of her career, Anna had worked as an ordinary public health nurse at the maternity and childcare centre in Bodø—a beautifully located and quickly developing city north of the Arctic Circle in Norway. In addition to being an experienced public health nurse, Anna was also proficient at using computer software—she, among others, completed a course in information technology (IT) in the early 2000s. Anna liked working as a public health nurse with pupils in schools in Bodø. However, deep inside, she longed for something new. Seeking new opportunities, she decided to use her IT skills to more actively contribute to the process of digital transformation of public health nursing. To this end, Anna needed to secure external funding. In 2013, she applied for funds from the county governor and received an amount that covered 50% of her public health nurse position for the following 3 years. From that point on, Anna evenly split her time working as an information and communication technology (ICT) adviser at the maternity and childcare centre in Bodø

'I cannot give up now!': the story of a Norwegian public sector entrepreneurs endeavours to revolutionize communication between two healthcare organizations

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Gammeldansswing i Nord-Trøndelag Presentasjon av og refleksjon rundt et dokumentasjonsprosjekt

The starting point of this article is a project (2016–2018) aimed at documenting American dance music (swing, foxtrot, slowfox and tango) played by musicians with a background in local “gammeldans” music (old time dance music) from the northern part of Trøndelag in Norway. The working hypothesis of the project was that this locally-held musical knowledge had affected the way American dance music was performed and that the resulting musical hybrid represents an important part of local cultural heritage. Above all, the article presents selected examples and commentary with the aim of raising awareness and curiosity about the documented music among musicians, dancers and scholars. Accordingly, although the article presents findings in favour of the initial hypothesis, it first and foremost concludes with an appeal for further research on this fascinating yet under-researched phenomenon.

Relationships between community ventures and community resource holders: a joint dependency approach

Guided by the joint dependency approach this study analyzes how emerging community ventures engage into mutually dependent relationships with community resource holders in the community to be able to mobilize the community into collective action. I conducted qualitative, longitudinal case studies of three music festivals in rural communities in Norway. By investigating the early stages of the venture formation process, I observed how different types of entrepreneurs impacted on the relationships between the community venture and community resource holders and how these relationships changed over time. High joint dependence relationships were characterized of high level of trust and goal congruence as well as few conflicts. Initially, bricoleurs, who built the venture upon existing resources and knowledge in the community, could transform their individual joint dependence relationships in the community to the venture. The constructionists aimed to introduce new activities and resources and could not build upon existing relationships in the community. Their venture struggled with mistrust and conflicts making it difficult to mobilize the community into collective action. Over time, however, the relationships between the community venture and community resource holders became more based upon joint dependence. By adapting a joint dependency as well as longitudinally approach, this study offers new insights about how the concepts of bricoleurs and constructionists may not be static but rather change over time

From Utopia to sustainable entrepreneurship: a novel case methodology

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Energy renovation rates in the Netherlands – comparing long and short term prediction methods

The building sector plays a major role in order to meet the energy saving targets set in the EU and the Netherlands (SER, 2013; ürge-Vorsatz et al., 2007). Existing buildings are responsible for 36% of the CO2 emissions in the European Union (EU) (European Commission, 2008 and 2014). Moreover, among the end use sectors – industry, transport, households, services, fishing, agriculture, forestry and non-specified – households represent one of the most energy intensive sectors consuming 24.8% of the total final energy (European Commission, 2016a; EEA 2017). Two major directives are currently in force, on an EU level, to tackle the issue of energy efficiency improvement of buildings – the Energy Efficiency Directive (EED) and the Energy Performance Buildings Directive (EPBD) (European Parliament, 2010, 2012). Improving the efficiency of the building stock is a central pillar for the carbon reduction goals of the member states (MS) and the EU as a whole. Energy renovations in existing dwellings offer unique opportunities for reducing the energy consumption and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions on a national scale in the Netherlands, but also on a European and global level. Due to the long lifespan of buildings, currently existing buildings will constitute a major part of the Dutch housing stock for several decades (Sandberg et al. 2016a). In the Netherlands, it is expected that the renovation activity will be greater than the construction and demolition activity in the future (Sandberg et al. 2016a). The rate at which energy renovations are realized and the energy performance level achieved after the renovations are crucial factors for an energy-efficient built environment. Energy renovation rates assumed by EU officials and policy makers usually range from 2.5-3% (Stadler et al. 2007; BPIE 2011; European Parliament 2012; Boermans et al. 2012; Dixon et al. 2014). However, at current rates it is claimed that more than 100 years will be needed to renovate the EU building stock (European Commission 2016). Furthermore, the intervention level – how many and what type energy efficiency measures – of the renovations plays an equally significant role to the rate as it can define when the next renovation cycle can occur and the possibility of lock-in effects. The main question addressed in this paper is what the estimated renovation rates for the Dutch housing stock are for different types of renovation, depending on the level of renovation and energy saving measures applied. Answering this question can help evaluate current and previous policies but also shape future ones. The need for renovations depends greatly on the buildings’ age and typology. The characteristics of the building stock are quite different across countries in Europe. In addition, building ownership and the construction sector are naturally fragmented. Research performed so far, has revealed that the majority of building renovations consist of small scale projects and relatively low investments or occur at the natural need of dwellings to be retrofitted (Filippidou et al. 2016; Sandberg et al. 2016; Filippidou et al. 2017). In order to assess and examine the energy renovation measures, how fast or how deep they are being realized, up-to-date monitoring of these activities is required. Moreover, time series monitoring is crucial in order to achieve longitudinal studies that properly report renovation rates. Approaches to monitor the building stock have evolved separately across countries in Europe. Information about the progress of energy performance renovations is necessary to track the progress of policy implementation and its effectiveness. Moreover, advanced quality information and data are needed to help develop roadmaps and future policies resulting in energy efficient buildings. To this day, each country is gathering and analysing data for the development of their building stocks individually and in a different manner. Some collect data through the Energy Performance Certificates (EPCs) databases and others perform housing surveys in representative samples (Filippidou et al. 2017). In some cases, information gained through the investments on energy renovations are used to calculate the progress. To address the data monitoring issues identified, there is a need for new methods on the estimation of renovation rates that can be used for consistent and scalable analyses of building stocks. In this paper, we compare two different methods, long and short term, to simulate and assess the energy renovation rate of the Dutch non-profit housing stock. First we apply the dynamic dwelling stock model which has been developed and validated in NTNU, Norway (Sartori et al. 2016). The input parameters are based on statistical information for the development of the non-profit housing stock. Second, we use yearly records gathered centrally and stored in a time series database by housing associations through the energy labelling of their stocks, called SHAERE (Sociale Huursector Audit en Evaluatie van Resultaten Energiebesparing [English: Social Rented Sector Audit and Evaluation of Energy Saving Results]). Ultimately, we are comparing the renovation rates resulting from the dynamic modelling and the analysis of empirical building energy epidemiology data. As a result, we are able to suggest renovation rates for various types of renovation measures, which should be applied in studies of future development of energy demand in the dwelling stock. This paper is structured as follows. The remaining of section 6.1 sets the background and the second section presents an overview of the data and methods of our research. The third section introduces the results. The fourth section deals with our experiences concerning the dynamic building stock modelling and the longitudinal data analysis using big data. Finally, the fifth section elaborates on policy implications and draws conclusions

Scenario Analyses Concerning Energy Efficiency and Climate Protection in Regional and National Residential Building Stocks. Examples from Nine European Countries. - EPISCOPE Synthesis Report No. 3

This report documents methodological aspects and selected results of the scenario analyses to assess refurbishment as well as energy saving processes and project future energy consumption.. It covers scenario calculations conducted for regional residential building stocks in Salzburg/Austria, the Comunidat Valenciana/Spain, the Piedmont Region/Italy, the national non-profit housing stock in the Netherlands as well as the national residential building stocks in Germany, England, Greece, Norway, and Slovenia. Thereby, the objective of the scenario analysis is not a prediction of future energy demand in the respective building stock. Rather, the objective is to show the potential future impact of predefined assumptions. This may help respective key actors and policy makers to decide on strategies and policies for transforming building stocks towards carbon dioxide neutrality

Entrepreneurial insights into sustainable development: a case study of UK music festivals

This paper provides insights into entrepreneurial insights into sustainable development by drawing on research in strategy, marketing, sustainable development and corporate social responsibility. This paper will demonstrate how communication is essential particularly as some well used terms have little recognition amongst entrepreneurs. It provides a refined sustainable marketing benchmarking framework, which will be useful to academics and practitioners alike. Finally it discusses issues germane to the framework