Klimaforandring på Oljemuseet

I mai åpnet en ny og permanent utstilling, Klima for endring, på Norsk oljemuseum i Stavanger. Å stille ut klimaforandringer er en krevende museal øvelse fordi de finnes overalt og de involverer hele jordas befolkning. Klimaforandringer rommer også dype fortider, kontroversielle nåtider og lang­strakte fremtider. Utstillingers styrke er at de kan gjøre det kompliserte og det som er distansert i tid og rom, mer forståelig. Museer tilgjengeliggjør kunnskap, og idealet om at besøkende skal stimuleres til selvstendig, kritisk refleksjon står sterkt i dagens museumslandskap. Oljemuseets nye utstilling søker å gjøre nettopp dette, ved at den stiller fem viktige spørsmål til de besøkende. Ulike pedagogiske virkemidler og museale grep for involvering tas i bruk for å stimulere i jakten på svar

Återbruk av det industriella kulturarvet i kulturarvsindustrin

This paper aims to examine adaptive reuse of the industrial heritage in the Swedish countryside from the point of view of four different values within the heritage process: experiential values, economic values, symbolic values, and values of human dignity. How do they correlate with each other? Adaptive reuse of buildings as a strategy has had a great impact on urban development. What about initiatives on the countryside? Can the urban success criteria be easily transferred to rural areas?The survey shows that initiatives largely derive from local driving forces – not from real estate developers, as in urban areas. Prices of land are cheaper on the countryside. In return, the businesses are often dependent on a certain basis for tenants and visitors who can cover maintenance and operation. The municipality, public funding and EU-funds play an important role as support. Often, the post-industrial building complexes adapted to new functions are often used as a figurehead and a symbol for regional creativity, attractiveness and place making in a similar way to larger cities. However, more than being economically successful as cultural businesses, they may have a greater value for the countryside as «cultural gravity centres» for self-understanding and cultural significance for the local community, not least for those people who previously had their workplace at these sites. The most cul­turally, aesthetically and economically sustainable examples of rural reuse are those that succeed in balancing these four values while establishing contact with the outside world

Aristokratiske allianser og konflikter i nordisk seinmiddelalder

The point of departure is the Swedish rebellion against the regime of King John (Hans) in 1501. Sten Sture the Elder was the rebellion’s most prominent leader. The article moves from a discussion of Sten’s character and motives for his policy to a more general discussion of the motives of the late medieval Scandinavian aristocracy’s political agitation and conduct. The principal question is whether the aristocrats were motived by economic profit and personal career alone, or if other motives, like political and ideological ones, also mattered. Several examples of aristocrats’ political choices that cannot have been motivated by economic gains are examined. Thereafter, the article presents the main features of the late medieval aristocracy in Scandinavia as an elite, including its political position, and then especially the balance of power between the aristocracy and the monarch. The conclusion is that the late medieval Scandinavian aristocracy’s political behaviour was motivated by a set of motives, that could differ from one situation to another

Langdistansebinding i norsk er logoforisk

Det er kjent fra før at langdistansebinding av refleksive pronomen forekommer i norsk. Fenomenet har blitt kobla til logoforisitet, men det har også blitt hevda at langdistanse­binding er mulig i visse ikke-logoforiske kontekster. I denne artikkelen argumenterer jeg for at langdistansebinding i norsk alltid er logoforisk, og at det samme gjelder for mellomdistansebinding. Det er bare lokal binding som ikke krever en logoforisk kontekst.Jeg antar videre at i logoforiske kontekster blir relasjonen mellom en antesedent og et refleksivt pronomen formidla av en logoforisk operator, samt at setninger med rotegenskaper inneholder operatorer som representerer henholdsvis den virkelige eller implisitte taleren og den virkelige eller implisitte mottakeren. Disse operatorene gir opphav til dependanserelasjoner som i visse tilfeller krysser bindingsrelasjonene, med det resultatet at konstruksjonen blir lite akseptabel. Sammen med egenskapene hos det lokale subjektet kan disse dependanserelasjonene forklare mye av den variasjonen i akseptabilitet som en kan observere ved langdistansebinding i norsk

Historisk flerspråklighet blant flensburgere i Trondheim

Denne artikkelen omhandler de flerspråklige praksisene til den slesvigske innvandreren Herman Hoë og familien hans på 1700- og 1800-tallet i lys av språkbruken i Flensburg og Norge generelt. Brevmaterialet som ligger til grunn for undersøkelsen, er hentet fra Statsarkivet i Trondheim og NTNU universitetsbibliotekets spesialsamlinger. Koch og Oesterreichers kommunikasjonsmodell brukes for å spore konseptuell nærhet og distanse, og på dette grunnlaget drøftes det hva for slutninger vi kan trekke om fa-miliens muntlige språkvalg. Empirien viser at brevskriverne til enhver tid valgte de høye varietetene høytysk og dansk i skrift. Skriftspråket til fami-lien i Slesvig var alltid høytysk selv om tekstene inneholder spor av neder-tysk. I korrespondansen med familien i Trondheim knyttes dansk til nære samtaler, mens tysk og engelsk brukes i forbindelse med fremmedspråks-opplæring. Derfor argumenterer artikkelen for at Hoë vokste opp med tysk som et førstespråk, mens talemålet med familien i Trondheim trolig var norsk

The Politics of Misadventure at Camelot

A third of the way through La mort le roi Artu (c.1230), an early thirteenth-century Old French prose romance that concludes the Lancelot Grail Cycle, ‘the greatest misadventure in the world’ takes place at Camelot, the court of King Arthur of Logres. Although the poisoning episode, as I refer to it here, is extraordinarily complex and difficult to interpret, the following summary will suffice for the moment. While Queen Guinevere is eating in her chamber with Arthur’s nephew Gawain and many other knights of the Round Table, a knight called Avarlan is plotting in another room to poison Gawain, whom he hates for reasons that are never explained. Dispatching a servant to give a poisoned fruit to the queen, Avarlan expects her to pass it to Gawain, a particular favorite of hers, who will eat it and die. But Guinevere – who is not watching out for ‘treason’ – gives the fruit to a knight called Gaheris the White, brother of Mador de la Porte, who accepts it out of love for her. Taking a bite, he immediately drops dead. Astonished by this ‘marvel’, the queen and the other knights all jump up from the table. Seeing the dead knight, the queen is grief-stricken about this ‘misadventure’ (62.37) and does not know what to do, ‘because it was seen by so many worthy men that she could not deny it’ (62.38–40)

Brita Brenna, Hans Dam Christensen & Olav Hamran 2019. Museums as cultures of copies: The crafting of artefacts and authenticity

I mitten av 1700-talet resonerade Johann Joachim Winckelmann kring den förnäma enkelhet och den tysta storhet han upplevde sig möta när han studerade antika gips­kopior. När Winckelmann var verksam i Rom beskrev han den klassiska konstens uppgång och fall genom att studera romerska kopior av förlorade grekiska original, som oftast var utförda i marmor eller brons. I detta fanns ett slags erkännande av att unika konstverk alltid har modifierats och kopierats

Minnesøkologi og den uregjerlige industriarven

This essay explores the entangled material and biological afterlife of coal and steel industries in the German Ruhr region. The industrial nature, Industrienatur, of the heritage site Kokerei Hansa in Dortmund serves as starting point for a broader reflection on both the nature of memory and the memory of nature. Drawing on new materialist theory and media ecology, the ambition of this paper is to contribute to a versatile notion of memory processes which are wildly distributed across a variety of forms and media from buildings, landscapes, man-made substrates to ruderal plant species. Adopting an ecological approach, this essay explores the volatile relations between plants, buildings and anthropogenic substrates as an important, but ultimately ephemeral form of memory which recollects past practices of the former coke plant. Industrienatur draws attention to the composite character of sites which are shaped both by natural processes and cultural history. This ruderal ecology unfolds in ill-defined, interstitial spaces not yet or no longer purposefully planned for work, dwelling or recreation, or it clings to man-made edifices and takes root in the dissolving mortar in the crevices of brick walls. In considering the rich and commonly overlooked afterlife of these in-between spaces, attention is drawn to the abundance of biological, geological and chemical agents which perpetuate and rework traces of past events in a manner comparable to more conventional memory media. It will be argued that plants which take root in anthropogenic soils are living indexes of past events and organic media embodying what becomes of what was

Survey of medieval inscribed objects from Bergen: Items other than wooden sticks or pieces of wood

This survey is a supplementary resource to the article “Runic Sticks and Other Inscribed Objects from Medieval Bergen: Challenges and Possibilities” (see Maal og Minne 2020). The survey is based on investigations of the Bryggen corpus, carried out mainly in the years 2013–18.1 Own field notes and photographs have been complemented by information in runological or archaeological databases and publications (available per January 2020). The purpose behind the survey is twofold. For one, it demonstrates the variability of the corpus; it contains information on inscribed artefacts, which can be determined to represent something other than wooden sticks or pieces of wood. Secondly, the survey brings to the fore some of the interesting ambiguities in the study of inscribed artefacts, especially regarding wooden items. The table presents an overview of artefacts, which with some certainty can be identified as (parts of) sundry tools, vessels, implements and other functional objects. As such, they display alternative functionalities than primarily script-bear-ing objects. Artefacts made of materials other than wood are also included (marked in bold). The number of items may be subject to change depending upon the adjustment of classification criteria and the reassessment of individual objects.2 Uncertain instances regarding objects and their functions are indicated with question marks. The included descriptions on forms of writing (i.e. primary, secondary, and tertiary) follow the categories introduced by Franklin (2002) – presented in more detail in the article. Such assessments illuminate the diverse nature and dynamic boundaries of the evidence; they do not work as rigid groups. With some inscribed artifacts, the form of writing also remains uncertain

Demokratisk industriarv? Kulturarvifisering og identitet i øvre Telemarks verdensarvområde

Industrial heritage supposedly offers workers a right to a past and has therefore been cele­b­rated as democratic. Authorities continue to applaud democratization, supporting and encouraging heritage for all, in an open and non-excluding sense. Examining the concept of democratic industrial heritage, this article explores connections between heritage and identification in a major industrial heritage site in Southern Norway. It investigates how implicit and seemingly under-communicated boundaries between self and Other are negotiated on the ground when local people’s history and environment become world heritage.In the early 20th century, a major industrial complex was established in the upper regions of Telemark. After securing rights and access to local natural resources, the company Norsk Hydro was soon developed into a major producer of artificial fertilizer, driven by hydroelectric power. A century later, and some two and a half decades after the enterprise had shut down and relocated all chemical production, the early history and physical remains of the local indus­try was awarded UNESCO World Heritage status in 2015. Ethnographic data collected within the Rjukan-Notodden industrial heritage site between May 2017 and December 2018 demonstrates that so-called heritage communities are far from stable. Heritagization processes not only produce heritage and heirs. World heritage, especially, also produces a series of stages, arenas, situations and debates. Here, identities are mobilized in different constellations according to changing political circumstances. Heritage communities thus constantly shift as members and heirs populate the democratic world heritage’s less visible, yet constituent, Other with new social groups – often opponents in the politicized situations that heritagization processes provoke. Heritage, then, becomes resource and raw-material for strategic identity construction on the wide variety of arenas that heritagization generates