Re-design of steering servo-actuators for Car4 experimental robot

Tato bakalářská práce se zabývá vývojem a konstrukcí mechanismu natáčení kol u experimentálního vozidla Car4. Během této práce se seznámíme s výpočtem zatížení nápravy vozidla, se součástmi a systémy umožňující realizovat translační a rotační pohyb a s různými konstrukčními návrhy aplikování těchto systémů ve vozidle. Výsledkem této práce bude nový mechanismus natáčení kol experimentálního vozidla Car4.This thesis deals with the development and design of the wheels mechanism in an experimental vehicle Car4. During this work, we introduce the vehicle axle load calculation, with components and systems, allowing linear and rotational motion, and different design proposals for the application of these systems in the vehicle. The result of this work will be a new mechanism for the wheels of the experimental vehicle Car4.

Change in body composition of female junior volleyball players

The purpose of our study is to monitor and analyze the composition of selected body masses of female v junior volleyball players. The data were obtained from 18 players, aged 14 to 19 years, of the Královo Pole volleyball club in Brno, Czech Republic (VV KP Brno), between 1 August 2014 and 20 December 2014. Body composition was measured by Inbody 230 – Biospace using the bioimpedance measurement method. We obtained the following data from measurement: BMI (Body Mass Index), PBF (Percentage Body Fat), body mass, muscle and fat mass of both upper and lower limbs and the trunk. Mann-Whitney U test is used to compare differences between the values obtained before the preseason preparation, after the preseason preparation and after three months of the season. All statistical computations were performed using R software (R Core Team 2013). Comparing the results after the preliminary part we diagnosed a significant difference (p<0.05) increase of percentage of total fat mass (p=0.0266). After the preliminary part of the season significant difference describing increase of body mass (p=0.0462) was found, together with increase of body fat in left upper (p=0.0313), right upper (p=0.0429) limb and with increase of trunk mass (p=0.0379). The study revealed interesting information about a change of the body mass and body fat percentage of volleyball players of VK KP Brno during the regular season. The findings from the preseason preparation confirmed the expected change, i.e. that the muscle mass increases while the body mass and body fat percentage decrease

Inside Slavia´s supporters: Fans who control the football matches in Czechia

Purpose: The goal of this paper is to analyse the relationship between supporters’ verbal and other expression and their violent behaviour at selected football stadiums in Czechia. Methods: Primary data were collected by a questionnaire survey mainly at the Eden stadium in Prague in 2015/2016 and 2016/2017 seasons. A total of 158 respondents (aged 23.01 ± 10.11 years old) participated in this research, and all of the respondents were attending in a stand of home team supporters. Results: We found that expressions of demolishing the stadium and other disturbances are considered the most serious expression of violent behaviour by 56.96% of the supporters. On the other hand, 15.19% of the supporters had some experience with demolishing the stadium. Furthermore, 87.34% of the supporters stated that boo is the least serious problem, and almost every supporter (94.94%) had an experience with booing the referee. Conclusions: Based on the results of the research, we find that younger supporters were more tolerant of negative social phenomena in the surroundings of the stadium

Design of a simulation model of the machine tool for determining the energy consumption

Tato diplomová práce se zabývá návrhem simulačního modelu obráběcího stroje pro určení spotřebované energie. Dále popisuje návrh modelu mechanické a elektrické části stroje a tvorbu algoritmu pro určení spotřeby. Výsledkem této práce je velikost spotřebované energie stroje při zadaném obráběcím procesu.This diploma thesis deals with a design of the simulation model of a CNC machine tool for determining the energy consumption. It describes a design of the mechanical and the electrical model of the CNC machine and a design of the energy consumption algorithm. The result of that thesis is a size of the consummated energy during a machining process.

Mujeres en los partidos de fútbol. Estudio de caso en la República Checa

The goal of this paper is to analyze the relationship between women visitors’ verbal and other expression and their violent behavior at selected football stadiums in Czech Republic. Primary data were collected by a questionnaire survey mainly at the Eden stadium in 2015/16 and 2016/17 seasons. A total of 120 respondents (aged 25.01 ± 10.20 years old) participated in this research, and all of the respondents were attending the matches in a stand of home team supporters. We found that expressions of demolishing the stadium and other riots are considered the most serious expression of violent behavior (supporters 100%, fans 84%, and spectators 64%). On the other hand, we observed that booing was considered the least serious problem (supporters 100%, spectators 64%, and fans 57%). In our opinion, the results are appropriate, but we expected higher values regarding racism display and comments like demolishing the stadium and other riots.El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar la relación entre las expresiones verbales y otro tipo de expresiones y el comportamiento violento de las mujeres visitantes en determinados estadios de fútbol en República Checa. Los datos primarios se recopilaron mediante una encuesta por cuestionario principalmente en el estadio Eden Arena en las temporadas 2015/16 y 2016/17. Un total de 120 encuestados (de 25.01 ± 10.20 años de edad) participaron en esta investigación, y todos los encuestados asistían a los partidos en una tribuna de aficionados del equipo local. Descubrimos que las expresiones que hacían referencia a demoler el estadio y otros disturbios eran consideradas las expresiones más serias de comportamiento violento (hinchas 100%, aficionadas 84% y espectadoras 64%). Por otro lado, observamos que abuchear fue considerado el problema menos grave (hinchas 100%, espectadoras 64% y aficionadas 57%). En nuestra opinión, los resultados son apropiados, pero esperábamos valores más altos en cuanto al racismo y comentarios como demoler el estadio y otros disturbios

Measuring Individual Physical Activity With IPAQ And Wellness Inventory Questionnaires: Case Study

Dotazníková šetření jsou poměrně rychlým, levným a efektivním způsobem získávání dat, a bývají proto využívána pro sběr populačních dat jako základu pro návrh intervenčních programů, a následně také k individuální práci s klientem. Kvantitativní podstata dotazníkových metod však nepokrývá kvalitativní charakteristiky individuální změny lidského chování, což dotazníky limituje co do interpretace individuální změny chování jedince. Tato případová studie porovnávala dva dotazníkové nástroje – International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) a Wellness Inventory (WI) s cílem přiblížit jejich výhody, nevýhody a schopnost reflektovat kvalitativní faktory ovlivňující aktuální míru pohybové aktivity jedince. IPAQ byl potvrzen jako nástroj sledující objektivní množství pohybové aktivity s limity při měření individuální změny. Naopak WI více sleduje subjektivní hodnocení míry pohybové aktivity jako jedné ze sledovaných dimenzí a je více zatížen subjektivním zkreslením odpovědí. Ani jeden z nástrojů přímo nereflektoval vnější faktory (roční období, zdravotní stav, změna zaměstnání, motivace), přičemž WI byl k těmto vlivům citlivější. Oba nástroje lze použít při sledování změny pohybové aktivity a pro zvýšení schopnosti interpretovat individuální změny. Doporučujeme je doplnit dalšími instrumentálními a kvalitativními metodami.Questionnaire surveys are relatively quick, cheap and an effective way of obtaining data and as such are used as a basis for designing intervention programs, and consequently also in individual work with a client. The quantitative nature of the questionnaire method, however, does not cover the qualitative characteristics of individual changes in behaviour and as such is limited in its interpretation of individual behaviour changes. This case study compared two questionnaire application – International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) and Wellness Inventory (WI) in order to explain their advantages and disadvantages, and the ability to reflect the qualitative factors affecting the current level of physical activity of individuals. IPAQ was confirmed as a tool for monitoring the objective amount of physical activity with limited capacity for measuring individual changes. Conversely, WI focuses more on the subjective evaluation of the level of physical activity as one of the examined dimensions and is burdened by its subjective bias. Neither of the applications directly reflected external factors (seasons, health, job change, motivation), whereas WI has been more sensitive to these influences. Both tools can be used to monitor changes in physical activity. To enhance the ability to interpret individual change it is recommended to supplement with other instrumental and qualitative methods

Diagnostics Of Isometric And Isokinetic Strength In Junior Elite Tennis Players Within The Context Of Muscular Disbalances

This research aims to determine the strength level of muscle groups in wrist and forearm and to assess lateral differences in junior tennis player group (TEN, n = 10, aged 12–14) and a control group of boys who do not perform any sport activity (CS, n=10, aged12–14) by isometric (hand dynamometer GRIP-D TKK 5401, Takei, Japan) and isokinetic dynamometry (dynamometer Humac Norm CSMI, Stoughton, USA) methods. Diagnostics of concentric extension and flexion was carried out in concordance with Ellenbecker methodology (1991) in angular velocities of 90°/s and 300°/s, results are given in Newton metres (Nm). Data analysis proved substantive insignificant differences between TEN and CS group as long as age, body height and weight are concerned. Isometric dynamometry: using Cohen’s d there were proved substantially significant differences in the strength of dominant extremity in favour of TEN group (d = 0.76) and lateral difference in strength level of right and left upper extremity in TEN group TEN (d = 0.60). Isokinetic dynamometry: in angular velocity of 90°/s were proved substantially significant differences between TEN and CS group in the strength of extensors (d = 1.16) and flexors of right wrist (d = 1.33) as well as in extensors (d = 0.83) and flexors (d = 0.99) of left wrist in favour of TEN group. Similarly, there was proved substantially significant lateral difference in strength level of wrist flexors of right and left hand (d = 0.84). In angular velocity of 300°/s there were proved substantially significant differences between TEN and CS group in favour of TEN group, both in right wrist extensors (d = 0.94) and flexors (d = 1.39). Substantially significant differences in favour of TEN group have been proved also in non dominant upper extremity, both in left wrist extensors (d = 1.27) and flexors (d = 1.12). Neither in TEN nor CS group were proved substantially significant lateral differences in strength of wrist extensors and flexors – with the exception of lateral differences between extensors (d = 0.62) in CS group. Values obtained by assessment of extensors and flexors strength ratio in both TEN and CS groups in both angular velocities signal an increased risk of injury incidence in all cases. From conclusions described above, it is obvious that long-term game and training load significantly increases the level of maximal strength in junior elite tennis players in comparison with the group of their peers who do not perform any sport activity.This research aims to determine the strength level of muscle groups in the wrist and forearm and to assess the lateral differences in a junior tennis player group (TEN, n = 10, aged 12–14) and a control group of boys who do not perform any sport activity (CS, n=10, aged12–14). The method used was by isometric (hand dynamometer GRIP-D TKK 5401, Takei, Japan) and isokinetic dynamometry (dynamometer Humac Norm CSMI, Stoughton, USA). Diagnostics of concentric extension and flexion were carried out in concordance with Ellenbecker methodology (1991) in angular velocities of 90°/s and 300°/s, results are given in Newton metres (Nm). Data analysis proved substantive insignificant differences between TEN and CS group as long as age, body height and weight are concerned. Isometric dynamometry: using Cohen’s d there were proven substantially significant differences in the strength of dominant extremity in favour of the TEN group (d = 0.76) along with a lateral difference in strength level of the right and left upper extremity in TEN group TEN (d = 0.60). Isokinetic dynamometry: in angular velocity of 90°/s revealed substantially significant differences between the TEN and CS group in the strength of extensors (d = 1.16) and flexors of right wrist (d = 1.33) as well as in extensors (d = 0.83) and flexors (d = 0.99) of left wrist particularly in favour of TEN group. Similarly, substantially significant lateral difference in strength level of wrist flexors of right and left hand (d = 0.84) were shown. In angular velocity of 300°/s there was a substantially significant difference between TEN and CS group in favour of the TEN group, both in right wrist extensors (d = 0.94) and flexors (d = 1.39). Substantially significant differences shown in the TEN group have been proved but also in the non-dominant upper extremity, both in left wrist extensors (d = 1.27) and flexors (d = 1.12). Neither group revealed substantially significant lateral differences in strength of wrist extensors and flexors – with the exception of lateral differences between extensors (d = 0.62) in CS group. Values obtained by assessment of extensors and flexors strength ratio in both TEN and CS groups in both angular velocities signal an increased risk of injury incidence in all cases. From the conclusions described above, it is obvious that long-term game and training load significantly increases the level of maximal strength in junior elite tennis players in comparison with the peer group who do not perform any sport activity

Comparació del nivell de condicions prèvies de rendiment de tennistes d’elit (estudi de cas)

En el món del tennis d’avui en dia, hi ha una clara tendència cap a un joc físicament exigent, en què les condicions prèvies motrius més importants són la velocitat (acció i reacció), la força (sobretot la inicial i l’explosiva), la força resistència i les habilitats específiques de coordinació. El present estudi es basa en la teoria retrospectiva. L’objectiu de la investigació va ser l’anàlisi longitudinal del nivell de condicions prèvies somàtiques i motrius de tennistes txecs d’elit (el tennista Tomas Berdych –TB– i la tennista Petra Kvitova –PK–). Amb data d’1 de juny de 2014, Tomas Berdych és el tennista número 1 de la República Txeca i el número 6 del món en el Rànquing ATP (4.330 punts), i ha aconseguit el seu millor rànquing fins avui, el 2013 (número 5 del món); amb la mateixa data la tennista Petra Kvitova també és la tennista número 1 de la República Txeca i la número 6 del món en el Rànquing WTA (4.600 punts), i ha aconseguit el seu millor rànquing fins avui, el 2011 (número 2 del món). Els dos tennistes van ser avaluats longitudinalment mitjançant la bateria de test TENDIAG1, la qual conté tres ítems somàtics i sis ítems motors. Els resultats d’ambdós tennistes clarament van mostrar que, al llarg de tot el període de monitorització, la seva puntuació total en la bateria de test es trobava per sobre de la mitjana de la població de tennistes. L’avaluació de les diferències entre sexes va mostrar un nivell significativament més alt en la majoria d’ítems en el tennista TB, excepte en els ítems de flexibilitat del tors i de velocitat de reacció de braços i cames. La tennista PK va obtenir un millor nivell en l’índex de mobilitat de l’espatlla. Els resultats proporcionen interessants coneixements i suggeriments per a l’entrenament del tennis

Comparación del nivel de condiciones previas de rendimiento de tenistas de élite (estudio de caso)

En el mundo del tenis de hoy en día, hay una clara tendencia hacia un juego físicamente exigente, en el que las condiciones previas motrices más importantes son la velocidad (acción y reacción), la fuerza (sobre todo la inicial y la explosiva), la fuerza resistencia y las habilidades específicas de coordinación. El presente estudio se basa en la teoría retrospectiva. El objetivo de la investigación fue el análisis longitudinal del nivel de condiciones previas somáticas y motrices de tenistas checos de élite (el tenista Tomas Berdych –TB– y la tenista Petra Kvitova –PK–). Con fecha 1 de junio de 2014, Tomas Berdych es el tenista número 1 de República Checa y el número 6 del mundo en el Ranking ATP (4330 puntos), habiendo logrado su mejor ranking hasta la fecha en 2013 (número 5 del mundo); con la misma fecha la tenista Petra Kvitova también es la tenista número 1 de República Checa y la número 6 del mundo en el Ranking WTA (4600 puntos), habiendo logrado su mejor ranking hasta la fecha en 2011 (número 2 del mundo). Los dos tenistas fueron evaluados longitudinalmente mediante la batería de test TENDIAG1, la cual contiene tres ítems somáticos y seis ítems motores. Los resultados de ambos tenistas claramente mostraron que, a lo largo de todo el periodo de monitorización, su puntuación total en la batería de test se encontraba por encima de la media de la población de tenistas. La evaluación de las diferencias entre sexos mostró un nivel significativamente más alto en la mayoría de ítems en el tenista TB, excepto en los ítems de flexibilidad del torso y de velocidad de reacción de brazos y piernas. La tenista PK obtuvo un mejor nivel en el índice de movilidad del hombro. Los resultados proporcionan interesantes conocimientos y sugerencias para el entrenamiento del tenis

Talent identification among elite Czech male junior tennis players (U12) according to their future tennis performance and birthdate

Talent identification (TI) in sport, which is the selection of individuals disposed to achieve elite performance in adulthood, is often based on physical fitness testing. TI is linked to the phenomenon called the Relative Age Effect (RAE), referring to the influence of birthdate on sports performance. This retrospective study is based on the assumption that elite adult athletes possessed indicators predictive of a successful career already at a young age. The study aimed to assess the differences among Czech male tennis players according to 1) their tennis performance in adulthood, 2) their birthdate in each semester (S). The participants were players U12 who were later among top 1000 in the ATP Singles Rankings (SR). The research data was obtained during regular testing of the Czech Tennis Association (1998–2019). Significant differences between subgroups R1 (SR 1st - 500th) and R2 (SR 501st - 1000th) were found, surprisingly in favor of R2 in 4 variables. Significant differences were found in favor of B1 (born in S1) in 2 variables, and in favor of B2 (born in S2) in 2 variables