The immunohistochemical expression of leptin in lymph node metastasis from laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)

Introduction: Leptin is a proteohormone produced predominantly by white adipocytes and primarily known for its key role in the control of food intake and sense of satiety. From its discover leptin has been found in different body districts, involved in always new functions and processes. In the last years numerous relationships between leptin and cancer has been found. The aim of this study is to test the leptin positivity in human primitive laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and in its lymph node metastasis. Materials and methods: Leptin positivity was detected by immunohistochemical analysis on pathological samples from 18 patients subjected to laryngectomy and neck dissection for SCC. Results: During the study we pointed out a statistically significant relationship (p < 0.05) between leptin positivity levels and tumor differentiation grade, in particular we observed that a decrease in tumor leptin production correlates with higher level of cancer histological dedifferentiation. Conclusion: Our research on leptin expression in laryngeal squamous neoplastic pathology is aimed to the attempt of establishing a more precise patient risk stratification thanks to a new marker able to give a contribution to the identification of patient with poor prognosis and at risk of failure of actual standard therapy

Partisipasi Tenaga Kerja Wanita di USAha Bunga Potong di Kelurahan Kakaskasen II, Kecamatan Tomohon Utara, Kota Tomohon

In this era of globalization, many efforts have done in order to earn money for the family. Efforts in agriculture be one choice of families and communities. In general, the development has opened up opportunities for women to engage in various businesses in the agricultural sector which has been dominated by men. The purpose of this study was to determine the participation of women owners or workers in the cut flower business in Kakaskasen II Village, North Tomohon sub district, Tomohon. The study lasted for 3 months, namely in November 2015 until January 2016, ranging from research preparation to the formulation of a research report. The data used in this study are primary and secondary data. Primary data was collected through direct interview to the respondents. Method of sample selection has used purposive sampling technique on nine women from 11 women as population who are owners or workers in the cut flower business. Data collection is a direct interview and observation (observation). Secondary data was collected from previous studies conducted by other researchers, but at the same location. Data analysis in this research using descriptive analysis and also using a Likert scale, with level 1 (underactive), 2 (active), 3 (highly active). This study found, based on an analysis using a Likert scale, that the number of female labor force participation index in the cut flower business (including planting, maintenance, cutting/ harvesting/buying, stringing, or sales) are at a point that 85.6% were categorized as high. Further analysis showed that the labor force participation rate of women in cut flower business with a score of up to 185 of the range of the number of ideal scoring the highest score was 216 and the lowest score was 72. Suggestions in this study, based on the conclusions derived, is the government should open up more opportunities to increase the number of business opportunities and work for women in cut flower business in order to alleviate the problem of female unemployment and poverty that exist in Tomohon City.*eprm

A three-dimensional view of the remnant of Nova Persei 1901 (GK Per)

We present a kinematical study of the optical ejecta of GK Per. It is based on proper motions measurements of 282 knots from ~20 images spanning 25 years. Doppler-shifts are also computed for 217 knots. The combination of proper motions and radial velocities allows a unique 3-D view of the ejecta to be obtained. The main results are: (1) the outflow is a thick shell in which knots expand with a significant range of velocities, mostly between 600 and 1000 km/s; (2) kinematical ages indicate that knots have suffered only a modest deceleration since their ejection a century ago; (3) no evidence for anisotropy in the expansion rate is found; (4) velocity vectors are generally aligned along the radial direction but a symmetric pattern of non-radial velocities is also observed at specific directions; (5) the total Halpha+[NII] flux has been linearly decreasing at a rate of 2.6 % per year in the last decade. The Eastern nebular side is fading at a slower rate than the Western one. Some of the knots displayed a rapid change of brightness during the 2004-2011 period. Over a longer timescale, a progressive circularization and homogenization of the nebula is taking place; (6) a kinematic distance of 400+-30 pc is determined. These results raise some problems to the previous interpretations of the evolution of GK Per. In particular, the idea of a strong interaction of the outflow with the surrounding medium in the Southwest quadrant is not supported by our data.Comment: Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal (19 pages, 17 figures). Higher resolution version of this article (2.5 MB) is available at http://www.aai.ee/~sinope/ApJ89291_liimets.pd

New insights into the outflows from R Aquarii

R Aquarii is a symbiotic binary surrounded by a large and complex nebula with a prominent curved jet. It is one of the closest known symbiotic systems, and therefore offers a unique opportunity to study the central regions of these systems and the formation and evolution of astrophysical jets. We studied the evolution of the central jet and outer nebula of R Aqr taking advantage of a long term monitoring campaign of optical imaging, as well as of high-resolution integral field spectroscopy. Narrow-band images acquired over a period of more than 21 years are compared in order to study the expansion and evolution of all components of the R Aqr nebula. The magnification method is used to derive the kinematic ages of the features that appear to expand radially. Integral field spectroscopy of the OIII 5007A emission is used to study the velocity structure of the central regions of the jet. New extended features, further out than the previously known hourglass nebula, are detected. The kinematic distance to R Aqr is calculated to be 178 pc using the expansion of the large hourglass nebula. This nebula of R Aqr is found to be roughly 650 years old, while the inner regions have ages ranging from 125 to 290 years. The outer nebula is found to be well described by a ballistic expansion, while for most components of the jet strong deviations from such behaviour are found. We find that the Northern jet is mostly red-shifted while its Southern part is blue-shifted, apparently at odds with findings from previous studies but almost certainly a consequence of the complex nature of the jet and variations in ionisation and illumination between observations.Comment: 13 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in A&

Mapping the present-day chemical abundance structure of the Solar neighbourhood: O & Si

Context. Large scale chemical abundance gradients in the Galactic disks, small-scale abundance structures, and the mean chemical abundance values in the Solar vicinity, are important constraints to Galactic chemo-dynamical formation and evolution models. The formation and evolution of stars, and interstellar gas and dust depends on the distribution and evolution of matter in the Galaxy. Therefore, metallicity structures within the Milky Way can be mapped from the abundance analysis of its gas and stars. Data. A sample of 379 mostly spectral type B main sequence stars within 1.5 kpc radius from the Sun, was observed with the MIKE high-resolution spectrograph on the Magellan 6.5-m telescope on Las Campanas in Chile in 2007. Projected rotational velocities and photometric effective temperatures were determined for these stars by Bragança et al. (2012). B-stars are good indicators for present-day cosmic abundances due to their short lifetimes. They preserve the interstellar medium abundances, which they were born from, in the photosphere, and they do not migrate far from their birth environment. Aims. The purpose of this Master’s project was to start mapping the present-day silicon and oxygen abundance structure of the Solar neighbourhood, by determining the stellar atmospheric parameters, and Si and O abundances, for the low-rotating (< 22 km/s ) subsample. The thesis at hand is part of an international study aimed to determine the elemental abundances of B-type main sequence stars near the Solar vicinity and in the outer Galactic disk (Bragança et al. 2012, 2015; Garmany et al. 2015, Bragança et al. in prep.). Methods. Line-profile fitting of Si, O and Balmer lines, with full NLTE synthetic spectra, and an iterative analysis methodology, was used to constrain stellar atmospheric parameters and elemental abundances at high accuracy and precision. Results & Conclusions. With this Master’s thesis, an extensive mapping the Solar neighbourhood has begun: stellar parameters, and Si and O abundances were established for 17 stars. The mean elemental abundance of the Solar neighbourhood of a 1.25 kpc radius, was found to be 7.42±0.13 dex for silicon and 8.73±0.06 dex for oxygen. The results are consistent with the cosmic abundance standard from Nieva & Przybilla (2012) within error-bars, and provide reliable present-day anchor points for Galactic chemical evolution models. However, the stars in our sample have on average smaller abundance values and the Solar neighbourhood seems to be more heterogeneous, than determined by Nieva & Przybilla (2012) study. Small scale abundance structures were not discovered, due to yet small sample size. In the future, other low-rotating stars in the observed stellar sample will be analysed, up to a v sin i = 80 km/s limit. This would amount to about 100 stars. Combined with Gaia DR2 positions, and chemical abundances for the fast rotating B-type stars in the Solar vicinity (Cazorla et al. 2017), would provide an unprecedented view of the present-day Solar neighbourhood.Vår galax, Vintergatan, innehåller bortåt 200 miljarder stjärnor av varierande åldrar och storlekar. Under en mörk och klar natt kan man se ungefär 2000 med blotta ögat. Detta är en liten del av det stora hela, men tillräckligt för att stimulera människors nyfikenhet. Vad är de gjorda av, och varför är de där de är? Enkla frågor, som har väldigt komplexa svar. Genom att kartlägga strukturen och den kemiska sammansättningen hos den unga nuvarande stjärnpopulationen i solens närhet avser detta arbete att besvara den första frågan och ge ytterligare ledtrådar till den andra. Vintergatans ursprung och utveckling finns bevarat i form av den kemiska sammansättningen och kinematiska egenskaperna hos dess stjärnor och gas, så genom att bestämma stjärnors kemiska sammansättning kan man få information om den miljö som de bildades från. Detta arbete har använt sig av massiva (2–16 Solmassa) huvudseriestjärnor för att bestämma den nutida ymnigheten av syre och kisel i solens närhet. Massiva stjärnor är utmärkta indikatorer för Vintergatans nutida kemiska sammansättning, av flera anledningar. För det första så har massiva stjärnor korta livstider, några miljoner till några tiotals miljoner år, att jämföras med Vintergatans ålder som är runt 13 miljarder år. För det andra så befinner de sig fortfarande på den plats de bildades, detta på grund av att de inte hunnit migrera nämnvärt på de få miljoner år de levt. För det tredje så är de väldigt luminösa, och således lätta att observera, vilket beror på att de har så höga temperaturer (10000–30000 K). Ymnigheten av olika grundämnen i atmosfärerna hos dessa stjärnor representerar den kemiska sammansättning som det interstellära mediet hade när de bildades. Den nutida sammansättningen av olika grundämnen i solens närhet utgör viktiga randvillkor för galaktiska kemisk-dynamiska utvecklingsmodeller eftersom de man vill att de skall resultera i realistiska Vintergatsmodeller. Riktmärket för Vintergatan är solens närhet som är det område som kan studeras med största noggrannhet och precision, eftersom stjärnorna är näraliggande och enkla att observera. Mer än 370 näraliggande (inom en radie av 1.5 kpc) massiva stjärnor observerades för detta projekt år 2007. Grova uppskattningar för stjärnornas rotationshastigheter och effektiva temperaturer gjordes av Bragança et al. (2012). Denna Masteruppsats har som mål att bestämma stjärnparametrar (effektiv temperature, ytgravitation, projicerad rotationsgahstighet, mikro- och makroturbulenshastigheter) och grundämneshalter på ett konsekvent sätt för de stjärnor som har låga rotationshastigheter. De observerade spektrumen jämfördes med syntetiskt spektrum, som genererats med hjälp av modellatmosfärer och atommodeller, för att analysera formerna på spektrallinjer. En linje-för-linje-baserad anpassningsmetod för kisel, syre, och vätelinjer användes, och statistiska metoder för att bestämma stjärnparametrar och grundämneshalter. Denna metod är väldigt tidskrävande - att analysera en stjärna tar några dagar upp till en vecka - men berikande. I detta Masterprojekt har 17 stjärnor i solens närhet analyserats för att kartlägga kisel- och syrehalter i solens närhet. Vi fann att solens närhet verkar vara aningen mindre homogen än vad som tidigare rapporterats. Dock så överensstämmer medelhalterna för solens närhet med tidigare liknande studier, samt med dessa grundämnens halter i solen. På grund av den kemiska utvecklingen i Vintergatan så borde yngre stjärnor generellt sett ha högre grundämneshalter än solen som är äldre. Dessa resultat antyder att solen bildades i de inre delarna av Vintergatan, som är mer berikade, och sedan migrerade till dess nuvarande position 8 kpc från Vintergatans centrum. Några småskaliga ymnighetsvariantioner kunde inte detekteras, antagligen beroende på det ännu begränsade antal stjärnor som analyserats.Framtida planer innefattar att analysera alla stjärnor i samplet, upp mot 100 stjärnor. Med denna Mastersuppsats har det detaljerade kartläggandet av solens närhet börjat

Physical Properties of the Nova Remnant Nova Persei 1901

http://www.ester.ee/record=b448451

CO2 Laser Marsupialization for Internal and Combined Laryngocele

Introduction Laryngocele is an air -filled dilatation of the laryngeal saccule that can be classified according to its extent (internal, external, or combined) and contents (laryngocele or laryngopyocele). To date, there is no consensus on the best treatment for laryngocele.Objective The present study aims to demonstrate for the first time the effectiveness of CO(2 )laser marsupialization for internal and combined laryngoceles. Methods A retrospective study was accomplished in our ENT Clinic of the University Hospital, from 2010 to today, recruiting patients according to strict criteria. All patients had internal or combined laryngocele/laryngopyocele treated with CO2 laser marsupialization.Results A total of 15 patients were enrolled for a total of 17 laryngoceles; 66.67% of the patients were males and the mean age was 54.4 (114.12) years old. Internal laryngoceles accounted for 64.71% of the total, and only 7 cases were laryngopyoceles. At the 3-year follow-up, no signs of recurrence were found.Conclusion CO2 laser marsupialization is efficacious in the treatment of laryngocele or laryngopyocele, both internal and combined, in terms of efficiency, safety, and fast postoperative recovery, without need for tracheotomy or open surgery

Reanimation Techniques of Peripheral Facial Paralysis: A Comprehensive Review Focusing on Surgical and Bioengineering Approaches

: Peripheral facial paralysis represents a disabling condition with serious psychological and social impact. Patients with peripheral facial paralysis have a disfigurement of the face with loss of harmony and symmetry and difficulties in everyday facial functions such as speaking, drinking, laughing, and closing their eyes, with impairment of their quality of life. This paralysis leads to impairment of facial expression, which represents one of the first means of communication, an important aspect of human interaction. This review aims to explore the reanimation techniques for managing peripheral facial paralysis. An analysis of static and dynamic techniques for facial reanimation is provided, including muscle flaps, nerve grafting techniques, and bioengineering solutions. Each technique showed its benefits and drawbacks; despite several options for facial reanimation, no technique has been detected as the gold standard. Therefore, each patient must be evaluated on an individual basis, considering their medical history, age, expectations, and treatment goals, to find the best and most fitting treatment

Hyposmia in COVID-19: Temporal Recovery of Smell: A Preliminary Study

Background and Objectives: Hypo/anosmia is a characteristic symptom of COVID-19 infection. The aim of this study is to investigate the time of smell recovery and to identify a possible order of perception recovery of different odors in COVID-19 patients. Materials and Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted on not hospitalized COVID-19 patients, selected according to eligible criteria. The study was approved by the Ethical Committee. A questionnaire formulated by our team was submitted to patients in order to know the duration of the hypo/anosmia and hypo/ageusia and the order of odor recovery: vanillin (mixed olfactory/gustatory substances), phenyl ethyl alcohol (rosewater) (pure olfactory substances), eucalyptol (mixed olfactory/trigeminal substances), and eugenol (mixed olfactory/trigeminal/gustatory substances). Results: 181 patients were included. Hypo/ageusia and hypo/anosmia lasted on average 10.25 (&amp; PLUSMN;8.26) and 12.8 (&amp; PLUSMN;8.80) days, respectively. The most frequent odor recovery sequence was: (1) phenyl ethyl alcohol; (2) eucalyptol; (3) vanillin; and (4) eugenol. In COVID-19 patients, hypo/anosmia occurs more often in women and at a young age. Conclusions: This preliminary investigation highlighted novel data: there is a chronological order in perception recovery of different olfactory substances and, therefore, in the restoration of the various sensitive nerve pathways involved in the sense of smell