African American Students\u27 Perceptions of Influential Factors for Attendance in Doctoral Psychology

This study explores African American undergraduate students’ perceptions of factors influencing their decision to attend doctoral programs in psychology. There is a scarcity of literature examining perceptions held by specific minority groups in regard to influential factors used to make a significant step toward their career development. Eight undergraduate students interested in pursuing a doctoral degree in psychology were interviewed. A semi-structured interview and two paper-pencil measures were used. Interviews were analyzed utilizing the consensual qualitative research (CQR) method. The following themes emerged: reasons for pursuing a doctoral degree, navigating the application process, factors influencing interest in psychology, perception of a program’s commitment to diversity, importance of ethnic minority representation in a program, financial concerns, family view of psychology, most important factor for attendance, and prior school experiences outside of psychology. The study found that issues related to African American representation and research, as well as the presence of financial aid, are highly relevant in students’ evaluation of which doctoral programs they prefer to attend. This information will pave the way for further studies focusing on how to increase the number of African American students in doctoral programs around the country

Mid-infrared spectroscopic investigation

Mid-infrared spectroscopic research efforts are discussed. The development of a new instrumentation to permit advanced measurements in the mid-infrared region of the spectrum, the development of a special library of well-characterized mineral and rock specimens for interpretation of remote sensing data, and cooperative measurements of the spectral signatures of analogues of materials that may be present on the surfaces of asteroids, planets or their Moons are discussed

Medarbejdere under omstilling — HRM i den offentlige sektor

Denne artikel diskuterer de seneste års udvikling, hvor offentlige organisationers omstillinger søges opnået gennem personaleledelse, der bla. henter sin inspiration i Human Resource Management (HRM). Artiklen diskuterer de krav og forventninger, der er til ledelse og medarbejdere i den forbindelse. I artiklen vil der blive givet eksempler på paradokser, der kan opstå

Changing Perceptions: How We See the Salton Sea, and Why it Matters

The Salton Sea is a large, man-made body of water in Southern California. It was formed completely by accident between 1905 and 1907 by a combination of poor irrigation engineering and massive winter flooding of the Colorado River. Though the sea had formed and disappeared several times before this, and was part of the local Cahuilla Indian oral tradition, initially its presence was believed to be temporary. Beginning in the early 1940s, as it became apparent that the sea was not going to disappear, real estate developers and agricultural industry began to exploit the sea and its surrounding land for economic gain. Beginning in the late 1960s, the booming tourism and resort communities that formed around the sea began to crumble, due to continued poor management and several environmental disasters that resulted in the shrinking of the sea and massive die-offs of fish and birds. Today, news media see the Salton Sea as an abandoned wasteland, while scientists and ecologists consider it a vital ecological landscape. The surrounding communities of Salton City and Bombay Beach are still inhabited, although the populations are small and the quality of housing is poor. Though there continue to be occasional die-offs, the sea still functions as a stopover for migratory birds. The Salton Sea was formed as the result of human error, greed, and ecological misunderstanding. Continuing intervention, rather than fixing or solving anything, has only exacerbated the environmental and human problems surrounding the sea. This thesis will show how misperceptions of the sea led to ineffective interventions and exploitation of resources, both of which resulted in the current devastation facing the sea today

Viés atencional face à ameaça em crianças e adolescentes com temperamento inibido: uma revisão sistemática e meta-análise

Introdução: O viés de atenção (VA), que envolve um complexo processo de alocação de recursos atencionais face a estímulos ambíguos, tem sido sugerido como um fator chave na origem e manutenção do temperamento inibido (TI) na infância e adolescência. Embora alguns estudos tenham sugerido uma associação entre o viés da atenção e o temperamento inibido, os resultados são mistos. Dada a inexistência de uma síntese quantitativa destes resultados, pretendemos com a atual revisão sistemática e meta-análise avaliar a magnitude da interação entre estas variáveis assim como investigar potenciais moderadores desta relação (tipos de medidas e estímulos, amostras e desenhos de estudo). Método: As bases de dados PubMed, PsycINFO e Web of Science foram utilizadas para a procura de estudos elegíveis para o estudo, incluindo os seguintes termos de pesquisa: “Behaviour inhibit*” OR “Inhibit* temperament”, “Attention* bias” OR “Attention to threat” AND “dot-probe” OR “eye-tracking”. Foram identificados 13 estudos na revisão sistemática, mas apenas 7 estudos foram adequados para meta-análise. Dentre as razões de exclusão estiveram a abordagem de assuntos não relacionados ao foco do estudo, estudos realizados com uma população alvo diferente da estipulada, impossibilidade de comparação das medidas padronizadas com outros estudos e o uso de outras técnicas que não o dot-probe e/ou eye-tracking. Resultados: Foi observado um efeito geral ligeiramente positivo – indicando que o grupo inibido tem maior viés atencional do que o grupo não inibido. Entretanto, o efeito observado não foi significativo. Ao analisar o potencial papel moderador da condição experimental (“Face feliz” versus “Face zangada”), observou-se que, embora em ambas as condições o grupo inibido mostrasse maior viés, a dierença entre grupos nunca foi significativa. Conclusões: Apesar da literatura apontar para a existência de uma associação entre o viés atencional e o temperamento inibido, a meta-análise dos estudso empíricos publicados não permitiu encontrar uma assoicação significativa entre estas variáveis. Esse resultado pode ser explicado pelo facto da metodologia dot-probe não constituir uma medida fiável do viés quando usada de forma isolada, sendo mais eficaz quando utilizada em conjunto com outras metodologias como, por exemplo, o eye-tracking. Conclui-se que as medidas de identificação de viés atencional, quando utilizadas separadamente, não são eficazes na detecção da relação entre o viés atencional e o temperamento inibido.Introduction: Attention bias, wich involves a complex process of attention resources allocation facing ambiguous stimuli, has been suggested as a key factor in the origin and perpetuation of inhibited temperament in infancy and adolescence. Although some studies also suggest this association, results have not been clear. Since there is a lack of review on the subject, we intend to evaluate the magnitude of the interaction of theses variables, while looking out for potential relation moderators. Method: PubMed, PsycINFO and Web of Science were the database used to identify eligible studies, including the following terms: “Behavior inhibit*” or “Inhibit* temperament”, “Attention* bias” or “Attention to threat” and “dot-probe” or “eye-tracking”. 13 suitable studies were identified, although only seven were included in the meta-analysis. Between the reasons of exclusion was approaching unrelated topics, different target population, impossibility of data comparison and the use of attention bias evaluation different from the chosen for this study. Results: A small but not significant positive overall effect was observed, - indicating a bigger attentional bias from the inhibited group over the non-inhibited children. When grouping the effects by experiment conditions (Happy x Angry), a bigger effect was, again, observed by the inhibited group in both conditions, but not significantly. Conclusions: Although the literature commonly relates attention bias and inhibited temperament, we did not find a significant effect in this relation. That could be explained by the fact that dot-probe alone does not constitute a precise measurement of attention bias, being more effective when used in combination with other methodologies of measurement, as the eye-tracking. We conclude that the absence of effect does not necessary reflect in real life, given that static methodologies of measurement may not be the most effective in detecting attentional bias and its relation with inhibited temperament

Políticas públicas de gênero e a resposta jurisdicional no enfrentamento à violência contra as mulheres

A tese aborda a implementação pelo Poder Judiciário da Lei nº 11.340/2006, mais conhecida como Lei Maria da Penha. Esta consiste em uma política pública de gênero de enfrentamento à violência contra a mulher. A fim de observar a resposta jurisdicional dada às mulheres que buscam o atendimento jurídico, a transversalização de gênero nas políticas públicas é analisada a partir dos dados produzidos por agências de pesquisa com enfoque de gênero. Toma-se o conceito de patriarcado como fundamental ao entendimento do fenômeno social da violência contra as mulheres, precisamente a violência doméstica. As possibilidades teóricometodológicas com base nas teorias políticas e feministas para o uso da construção do objeto de estudo, a relação do Poder Judiciário e a Lei Maria da Penha, tornam-se um desafio, pois, justamente, ao construí-lo é necessário desfazer compreensões misóginas, discriminatórias e excludentes que dizem ao que é ser mulher. A abordagem é no sentido da visibilização das mulheres enquanto um coletivo social passível de análise social. Para isso, torna-se importante ter o entendimento sobre os sentidos e significados das conquistas do movimento de mulheres por políticas públicas de enfrentamento à violência. Com isso, estabelecemos uma construção teórica para auxiliar a reflexão sobre o poder, a dominação masculina, e a recepção do Poder Judiciário sobre as desigualdades e as violências perpetradas contra as mulheres. A análise empírica e a leitura de documentos e legislações nos auxiliam no estudo e na reflexão da implementação da Lei Maria da Penha, bem como seu valor simbólico para a sociedade que esta representa.The thesis addresses the implementation by the Judiciary Branch of Law 11.340/2006, known as the Maria da Penha Law. This consists of a public policy of gender to confront violence against women. In order to observe the jurisdictional response given to women who seek legal assistance, gender mainstreaming in public policies is analyzed from the data produced by research agencies with a gender focus. The concept of patriarchy is taken as fundamental to the understanding of the social phenomenon of violence against women, precisely domestic violence. The theoretical-methodological possibilities based on the political and feminist theories for the use of the construction of the object of study, the relation of the Judiciary Power and the Law Maria da Penha, become a challenge because, precisely, when constructing it it is necessary to undo misogynistic, discriminatory, and excluding understandings that tell what it is to be a woman. The approach is towards the visibility of women as a social group capable of social analysis. For this, it becomes important to have an understanding of the meanings and meanings of the achievements of the women's movement for public policies to confront violence. With this, we established a theoretical framework to support reflection on power, male domination, and the reception of the Judiciary on inequalities and violence perpetrated against women. The empirical analysis and the reading of documents and legislation help us to study and reflect on the implementation of the Maria da Penha Law, as well as its symbolic value for the society it represents

The material role of digital media in connecting with, within, and beyond museums

The connective potentials of digital media have been positioned as a key part of a contemporary museum visitor experience. Using a sociology of translation, we construct a network of visitor experiences using data from a digital media engagement project at a large and multi-sited museum in the United Kingdom. These experiences relate to (dis)connections with the museum, museum objects, and other visitors. Through this analysis we disclose the often contradictory roles of the non-human, including and going beyond the digital, as contributors to the success and failure of attempts to change museum visitor experiences through engagement activities rooted in narratives of participation and connectivity