Visualization of mouse barrel cortex using ex-vivo track density imaging

We describe the visualization of the barrel cortex of the primary somatosensory area (S1) of ex vivo adult mouse brain with short-tracks track density imaging (stTDI). stTDI produced much higher definition of barrel structures than conventional fractional anisotropy (FA), directionally-encoded color FA maps, spin-echo and T2-weighted imaging and gradient echo Ti/T2*-weighted imaging. 3D high angular resolution diffusion imaging (HARDI) data were acquired at 48 micron isotropic resolution for a (3 mm)3 block of cortex containing the barrel field and reconstructed using stTDI at 10 micron isotropic resolution. HARDI data were also acquired at 100 micron isotropic resolution to image the whole brain and reconstructed using stTDI at 20 micron isotropic resolution. The 10 micron resolution stTDI maps showed exceptionally clear delineation of barrel structures. Individual barrels could also be distinguished in the 20 micron stTDI maps but the septa separating the individual barrels appeared thicker compared to the 10 micron maps, indicating that the ability of stTDI to produce high quality structural delineation is dependent upon acquisition resolution. Close homology was observed between the barrel structure delineated using stTDI and reconstructed histological data from the same samples. stTDI also detects barrel deletions in the posterior medial barrel sub-field in mice with infraorbital nerve cuts. The results demonstrate that stTDI is a novel imaging technique that enables three-dimensional characterization of complex structures such as the barrels in S1 and provides an important complementary non-invasive imaging tool for studying synaptic connectivity, development and plasticity of the sensory system. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved

Mutations in KEOPS-Complex Genes Cause Nephrotic Syndrome with Primary Microcephaly

Galloway-Mowat syndrome (GAMOS) is an autosomal-recessive disease characterized by the combination of early-onset nephrotic syndrome (SRNS) and microcephaly with brain anomalies. Here we identified recessive mutations in OSGEP, TP53RK, TPRKB, and LAGE3, genes encoding the four subunits of the KEOPS complex, in 37 individuals from 32 families with GAMOS. CRISPR-Cas9 knockout in zebrafish and mice recapitulated the human phenotype of primary microcephaly and resulted in early lethality. Knockdown of OSGEP, TP53RK, or TPRKB inhibited cell proliferation, which human mutations did not rescue. Furthermore, knockdown of these genes impaired protein translation, caused endoplasmic reticulum stress, activated DNA-damage-response signaling, and ultimately induced apoptosis. Knockdown of OSGEP or TP53RK induced defects in the actin cytoskeleton and decreased the migration rate of human podocytes, an established intermediate phenotype of SRNS. We thus identified four new monogenic causes of GAMOS, describe a link between KEOPS function and human disease, and delineate potential pathogenic mechanisms

Continuous Manufacturing of Piezoceramic Hybrid Laminates for Functionalised Formed Structural Components

While in general manufacturing and functional integration are separated steps, in this article a continuous mass-production enabled procedure is discussed. The essential component of the manufactured laminate is a functionalised thermoplastic film that is combined with piezoceramic powder (lead zirconate titanate - PZT) and carbon nanotubes (CNT). The challenge is to achieve optimal electrical and electromechanical properties and a good processability while simultaneously preserving the high toughness of the composite and the required adhesive strength with the joined metal sheet. Determining the optimal joining and surface treatment parameters by identifying the interlaminar shear strength between the metal and plastic components allows for a continuous rolling production process with a subsequent roll forming process. Further investigations on the forming properties are concerned with the optimal placement of the sensors as well as the arrangement and shape of the electrodes. A neural network approach is evaluated to facilitate detection and localisation of external forces in order to use such functional hybrid laminates for new operating concepts in the interior of motor vehicles or for structural health monitoring

Improving the formability of magnesium by cushion-ram-pulsation

The application of forming processes using lightweight magnesium alloys is known to be difficult with regard to minor formability caused by a small number of active slip systems, especially at low temperatures. However, a new approach for deep drawing at elevated temperatures considers flexible motion profiles of a servo-screw press. The so-called cushion-ram-pulsation (CRP) is a newly developed method of position-controlled motion. As a result, the process limitations for deep drawing are significantly extended. This study investigates the deep drawing process of AZ31 cups by variable motion profiles of cushion and ram, focusing on enhanced drawability. Therefore the initial AZ31 sheet was fabricated by twin-roll casting. Furthermore, the adjustment of the forming temperature for an improved forming process and optimized component properties are described. In addition, the results were evaluated in comparison to conventional deep drawing, and the superior technological potential will be outlined

Improving the formability of magnesium by cushion-ram-pulsation

The application of forming processes using lightweight magnesium alloys is known to be difficult with regard to minor formability caused by a small number of active slip systems, especially at low temperatures. However, a new approach for deep drawing at elevated temperatures considers flexible motion profiles of a servo-screw press. The so-called cushion-ram-pulsation (CRP) is a newly developed method of position-controlled motion. As a result, the process limitations for deep drawing are significantly extended. This study investigates the deep drawing process of AZ31 cups by variable motion profiles of cushion and ram, focusing on enhanced drawability. Therefore the initial AZ31 sheet was fabricated by twin-roll casting. Furthermore, the adjustment of the forming temperature for an improved forming process and optimized component properties are described. In addition, the results were evaluated in comparison to conventional deep drawing, and the superior technological potential will be outlined

Rezensionen [2017]

156 Ansari, Christine (Hrsg.): Adoleszenz in Medienkontexten. Literaturrezeption, Medienwirkung und Jugendmedienschutz (judith mathez) 158 Bachmann, Christian A. / Emans, Laura / Schmitz-Emans, Monika (Hrsg.): Bewegungsbücher. Spielformen, Poetiken, Konstellationen (gundel mattenklott) 160 Ballis, Anja /Schlachter, Birgit (Hrsg.): Schätze der Kinder- und Jugendliteratur wiederentdeckt. Frühe Lektüreerfahrung und Kanonbildung im akademischen Kontext (ernst seibert) 162 Benner, Julia: Federkrieg. Kinder- und Jugendliteratur gegen den Nationalsozialismus 1933 – 1945 (linde storm) 164 Born, Stefan: Allgemeinliterarische Adoleszenzromane. Untersuchungen zu Herrndorf, Regener, Strunk, Kehlmann und anderen (lena hoffmann) 166 Börnchen, Stefan: Poetik der Linie. Wilhelm Busch, Max und Moritz und die Tradition (lukas sarvari) 168 Burwitz-Melzer, Eva /O’Sullivan, Emer (Hrsg.): Einfachheit in der Kinder- und Jugendliteratur. Ein Gewinn für den Fremdsprachenunterricht (roland alexander issler) 169 Emde, Oliver /Möller, Lukas /Wicke, Andreas (Hrsg.): Von »Bibi Blocksberg« bis »TKKG«. Kinderhörspiele aus gesellschafts- und kulturwissenschaftlicher Perspektive (anika ullmann) 171 Ferstl, Paul /Walach, Thomas / Zahlmann, Stefan (Hrsg.): Fantasy Studies (maren bonacker) 173 Giesa, Felix: Graphisches Erzählen von Adoleszenz. Deutschsprachige Autorencomics nach 2000 (michael staiger) 175 Hahn, Heidi / Laudenberg, Beate / Rösch, Heidi (Hrsg.): »Wörter raus!?« Zur Debatte um eine diskriminierungsfreie Sprache im Kinderbuch (julia benner) 177 Haug, Christine / Frimmel, Johannes (Hrsg.): Schulbücher um 1800. Ein Spezialmarkt zwischen staatlichem, volksaufklärerischem und konfessionellem Auftrag (ortwin beisbart) 179 Hollerweger, Elisabeth /Stemmann, Anna (Hrsg.): Narrative Delikatessen. Kulturelle Dimensionen von Ernährung (sonja loidl) 180 Hopp, Margarete: Sterben, Tod und Trauer im Bilderbuch seit 1945 (iris schäfer) 182 Huemer, Georg: Mira Lobe. Doyenne der österreichischen Kinder- und Jugendliteratur (andreas schumann) 183 Josting, Petra (Hrsg.): Andreas Steinhöfel, Bielefelder Poet in Residence 2014 (heinke kilian) 185 Josting, Petra /Roeder, Caroline /Dettmar, Ute (Hrsg.): Immer Trouble mit Gender. Genderperspektiven in Kinder- und Jugendliteraturforschung und -medien (jana mikota) 187 Kurwinkel, Tobias /Schmerheim, Philipp /Sevi, Annika (Hrsg.): Michael Ende intermedial. Von Lokomotivführern, Glücksdrachen und dem (phantastischen) Spiel mit Mediengrenzen (michael stierstorfer) 188 Mikota, Jana / Pecher, Claudia Maria / von Glasenapp, Gabriele (Hrsg.): Literarisch-kulturelle Begegnungen mit dem Judentum. Beiträge zur kinderliterarischen Fachöffentlichkeit (susanne blumesberger) 190 Müller, Karla / Decker, Jan-Oliver / Krah, Hans / Schilcher, Anita (Hrsg.): Genderkompetenz mit Kinder- und Jugendliteratur entwickeln: Grundlagen – Analysen – Modelle (annette kliewer) 192 Nikolajeva, Maria: Reading for Learning. Cognitive Approaches to Children’s Literature (sabine fuchs) 194 Paul, Lissa / Johnston, Rosemary R. / Short, Emma (Hrsg.):Children’s Literature and Culture of the First World War.(julia benner) 195 Payrhuber, Franz-Josef / Meier, Bernhard(Hrsg.): Franz, Kurt: Kinderlyrik. Geschichte, Formen, Rezeption(ludger scherer) 197 Payrhuber, Franz-Josef:Gedichte entdecken. Wege zu Gedichten in der ersten bis sechsten Klasse (andreas schumann) 198 Pohlmann, Carola (Hrsg): Kinder- und Jugendliteratur. Sammeln und Erwerben (wolfgang wangerin) 200 Pompe, Anja (Hrsg): Kind und Gedicht. Wie wir lesen lernen (heinz-jürgen kliewer) 202 Preindl, Nadia:Russische Kinderliteratur im europäischen Exil der Zwischenkriegszeit (verena rutschmann) 204 Richter, Karin: Die Kinder- und Jugend-literatur der DDR. Entwicklungslinien – Themen und Genres. Autorenporträts und Textanalysen (maria becker) 206 Riemhofer, Andra:Interkulturelle Kinder- und Jugendliteratur in Deutschland. Lesen auf eigene Gefahr (roger meyer) 208Roeder, Caroline (Hrsg.): Himmel und Hölle. Raumerkundungen – interdisziplinär & in schulischer Praxis (claudia blei-hoch) 210 Ruzicka Kenfel, Vejka (Hrsg.): New Trends in Children’s Literature Research. Twenty-first Century Approaches (2000–2012) from the University of Vigo (Spain) (susanne blumesberger) 212 Schäfer, Iris:Von der Hysterie zur Magersucht. Adoleszenz und Krankheit in Romanen und Erzählungen der Jahrhundert- und der Jahrtausendwende (philipp schmerheim) 214 Scherer, Gabriela / Volz, Steffen (Hrsg.): Im Bildungsfokus: Bilderbuchrezeptions-forschung (margarete hopp) 216 Schmitt, Susann Sophie:Nachwuchs für die Literatur. Kinder- und Jugendprogramme ausgewählter Literaturhäuser Deutschlands, Österreichs und der Schweiz (renate grubert) 217 Seelinger Trites, Roberta:Literary Conceptu-alizations of Growth. Metaphors and Cogni-tion in Adolescent Literature (iris schäfer) 219 Seifert, Martina:Die Bilderfalle. Kanada in der deutschsprachigen Kinder- und Jugend-literatur: Produktion und Rezeption (sabine planka) 222 Stein, Daniel / Thon, Jan-Noël (Hrsg.): From Comic Strips to Graphic Novels. Contributions to the Theory and History of Graphic Narrative (anna stemmann) 223 Tomberg, Markus (Hrsg.): Alle wichtigen Bücher handeln von Gott. Religiöse Spuren in aktueller Kinder- und Jugendliteratur (martin anker