Relações de gênero, poder e educação: uma perspectiva pós-estruturalista

It is understood that institutionalized education enters an appearance context of new cultural and social identities. Thus, the article seeks to understand how certain homosexual and transsexual students are subjectively registered in their gender relations experienced in schooling practices. Based on the epistemological assumptions of poststructuralism, especially with Foucault, gender relations are analyzed as power relations and with the subjects schooling processes that are related to the construction/constitution of gender identities. It is found that gender representations are a body investment, in the sense of a long-awaited mind education.Se entiende que la educación institucionalizada ingresa en un contexto de emergencia de nuevas identidades culturales y sociales. Así, el artículo busca comprender como determinados estudiantes homosexuales y transexuales se inscriben subjetivamente en sus relaciones de género vivenciadas en las prácticas de escolarización. Con base en los presupuestos epistemológicos del posestructuralismo, especialmente Foucault, se analizan las relaciones de género como relaciones de poder y se relacionan los procesos de escolarización de los sujetos con la construcción/constitución de las identidades de género. Se constata que las representaciones de género son una inversión sobre el cuerpo, en el sentido de una ansiada educación de la mente.Entende-se que a educação institucionalizada se insere em um contexto de emergência de novas identidades culturais e sociais. Assim, o artigo busca compreender como determinados estudantes homossexuais e transexuais se inscrevem subjetivamente em suas relações de gênero vivenciadas nas práticas de escolarização. Com base nos pressupostos epistemológicos do pós-estruturalismo, especialmente Foucault, analisam-se as relações de gênero enquanto relações de poder e relacionam-se os processos de escolarização dos sujeitos com a construção/constituição das identidades de gênero. Constata-se que as representações de gênero são um investimento sobre o corpo, no sentido de uma pretensa educação da mente

High-throughput photocontrol of water drop generation, fusion, and mixing in a dual flow-focusing microfluidic device

AbstractWe describe the first method to control, in a single microfluidic device, the generation, fusion, and mixing of pico- to nanoliter water-in-oil drops using a straightforward LED light stimulus. This is achieved by implementing a photosensitive surfactant in the water phases of a novel dual flow-focusing microfluidic configuration. UV illumination at 365 nm enables dynamic switch of the flow behavior between a stable dual jet regime (−UV) and a stable dual drop regime (+UV), thus allowing us to generate on-demand two distinct populations of water drops. These drops are fused and mixed downstream inside expansion chambers, offering both a dynamic control by light stimulation and a controllable degree of fusion and mixing by the positions of chambers. The mixing inside the fused drops is found to be much faster than diffusion due to the chaotic advection inside the moving drops

ASSISTÊNCIA À SAÚDE DA CRIANÇA NA ATENÇÃO PRIMÁRIA À SAÚDE: LIMITES PARA HUMANIZAÇÃO

Objetivo: identificar fatores que podem interferir na assistência saúde à criança na atenção primária à saúde pela ótica dos princípios e diretrizes da política nacional de humanização. Método: revisão integrativa da literatura, em que a busca foi realizada de outubro de 2016 a janeiro de 2017 na Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde (BVS), nas seguintes bases de dados: Literatura Latino Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS) e Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE) e Base de Dados de Enfermagem (BDENF).  Os descritores utilizados para a busca foram “saúde da criança” e “atenção primária à saúde”, a busca resultou em 6.647 estudos, que estabelecidos os critérios de inclusão, 13 foram selecionados. Resultados e Discussão: de acordo com a análise dos estudos formularam cinco categorias que expressam os fatores que têm interferido na assistência à saúde da criança na Atenção Primária: despreparo profissional, carência de recursos materiais e dificuldades no acesso, fragilidades na comunicação entre os níveis de atenção à saúde e ausência de acolhimento. Considerações finais: evidencia-se que os fatores que podem dificultar a assistência à saúde da criança englobam desde falhas no âmbito da gestão, estrutura e competência profissional, fato que leva ao predomínio do modelo biomédico. No tocante para que haja uma assistência de qualidade de acordo com os princípios e diretrizes na PNH, é importante que os profissionais considerem a criança em meio a um contexto familiar, social e econômico

Expression of human protein S100A7 (psoriasin), preparation of antibody and application to human larynx squamous cell carcinoma

Abstract\ud \ud Background\ud Up-regulation of S100A7 (Psoriasin), a small calcium-binding protein, is associated with the development of several types of carcinomas, but its function and possibility to serve as a diagnostic or prognostic marker have not been fully defined. In order to prepare antibodies to the protein for immunohistochemical studies we produced the recombinant S100A7 protein in E. coli. mRNA extracted from human tracheal tumor tissue which was amplified by RT-PCR to provide the region coding for the S100A7 gene. The amplified fragment was cloned in the vector pCR2.1-TOPO and sub-cloned in the expression vector pAE. The protein rS100A7 (His-tag) was expressed in E. coli BL21::DE3, purified by affinity chromatography on an Ni-NTA column, recovered in the 2.0 to 3.5 mg/mL range in culture medium, and used to produce a rabbit polyclonal antibody anti-rS100A7 protein. The profile of this polyclonal antibody was evaluated in a tissue microarray.\ud \ud \ud Results\ud The rS100A7 (His-tag) protein was homogeneous by SDS-PAGE and mass spectrometry and was used to produce an anti-recombinant S100A7 (His-tag) rabbit serum (polyclonal antibody anti-rS100A7). The molecular weight of rS100A7 (His-tag) protein determined by linear MALDI-TOF-MS was 12,655.91 Da. The theoretical mass calculated for the nonapeptide attached to the amino terminus is 12,653.26 Da (delta 2.65 Da). Immunostaining with the polyclonal anti-rS100A7 protein generated showed reactivity with little or no background staining in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cells, detecting S100A7 both in nucleus and cytoplasm. Lower levels of S100A7 were detected in non-neoplastic tissue.\ud \ud \ud Conclusions\ud The polyclonal anti-rS100A7 antibody generated here yielded a good signal-to-noise contrast and should be useful for immunohistochemical detection of S100A7 protein. Its potential use for other epithelial lesions besides human larynx squamous cell carcinoma and non-neoplastic larynx should be explored in future.FAPES

Matière molle programmable par voie chimique ou optique : compaction de l'ADN, activité protéique et opérations microfluidiques

The aim of the thesis is to develop optically programmable soft matter systems (DNA, proteins, small volumes of fluids) in order to achieve new and drastic property changes upon illumination. We first focus on photosensitive polyamines, a new class of compaction agents, and on their exceptional performances including photoreversible control of DNA compaction at a high efficiency (up to 100 times more efficient than agents reported in literature).The photocontrol of DNA compaction is then exploited as a light-based trigger for protein functions. The activity of an enzyme of interest, beta-lactamase, is first enhanced by creating a hybrid protein-DNA conjugate. We go on to show how the regulation of DNA compaction impacts the protein function. Another DNA compaction-based strategy uses the genetic information contained in the DNA and a commercially available, cell-free, reconstituted expression system to produce a functional enzyme under optical control. The conversion of non-photosensitive substrates is therefore photoregulated without any chemical modification of the target enzyme.The introduction a photosensitive surfactant in microfluidic systems allows a straightforward illumination (diode) to give rise to a wide array of operations, from the optical manipulation of individual floating droplets (digital optofluidics for organic synthesis) to the photoactivation of flowing liquids in microfluidic channels (photogenerated droplets, photoinduced mixing).Cette thèse porte sur le développement de matière molle programmable, de nature synthétique ou biologique, afin d'obtenir des systèmes physico-chimiques (ADN, protéines, petits volumes de liquides...) permettant de nouvelles propriétés contrôlables par la lumière. Dans un premier temps, nous développons une nouvelle famille d'agents de compaction, les polyamines photosensibles. Ces dernières permettent de mettre en place un photocontrôle dynamique de l'état de compaction de l'ADN avec une efficacité 100 fois plus grande que celles décrites précédemment dans la littérature. Ensuite nous appliquons le photocontrôle de la compaction de l'ADN à la régulation de fonctions protéiques. L'enzyme cible, la beta-lactamase, est tout d'abord placée dans un édifice hybride protéine-ADN géant. La présence des ADN géants augmente l'activité enzymatique, qui peut être modulée par la modification de l'état de compaction de l'ADN. Une seconde stratégie repose sur le photocontrôle de la compaction d'un ADN codant pour la beta-lactamase, qui, utilisé avec un milieu d'expression reconstitué, permet de réguler par la lumière la production de protéines, et donc leurs fonctions, avec une bonne résolution spatiale et temporelle.Finalement, l'introduction d'un tensioactif photosensible dans des systèmes microfluidiques conduit au photocontrôle par un éclairement simple (une diode) d'une gamme très vaste d'opérations microfluidiques impliquant aussi bien des gouttes individuelles (optofluidique digitale pour la synthèse organique) que des écoulements au sein de canaux microfluidiques (mélange photo-induit)