Scaling cosmology with variable dark-energy equation of state

Interactions between dark matter and dark energy which result in a power-law behavior (with respect to the cosmic scale factor) of the ratio between the energy densities of the dark components (thus generalizing the LCDM model) have been considered as an attempt to alleviate the cosmic coincidence problem phenomenologically. We generalize this approach by allowing for a variable equation of state for the dark energy within the CPL-parametrization. Based on analytic solutions for the Hubble rate and using the Constitution and Union2 SNIa sets, we present a statistical analysis and classify different interacting and non-interacting models according to the Akaike (AIC) and the Bayesian (BIC) information criteria. We do not find noticeable evidence for an alleviation of the coincidence problem with the mentioned type of interaction.Comment: 21 pages, 11 figures, 11 tables, discussion improve

Degeneracy between warm and coupled cold dark matter: A clarifying note

Wei et al [PRD 88, 043510 (2013)] have proposed the existence of a cosmological degeneracy between warm dark matter (WDM), modified gravity and coupled cold dark matter (CDM) cosmologies at both the background expansion and the growth of density perturbation levels, i.e., corresponding cosmological data would not be able to differentiate such scenarios. Here, we will focus on the specific indistinguishability between a warm dark matter plus cosmological constant ($\Lambda$) and coupled scalar field-CDM scenarios. Although the statement of Wei et al is true for very specific conditions we present a more complete discussion on this issue and show in more detail that these models are indeed distinguishable. We show that the degeneracy breaks down since coupled models leave a specific signature in the redshift space distortion data which is absent in the uncoupled warm dark matter cosmologies. Furthermore, we complement our claim by providing the reasons which suggest that even at nonlinear level a breaking of such apparent equivalence is also expected.Comment: 6 pages, 1 Figure; revised version, section IV extended and enriched with further discussion, title altered, typos corrected and new references added. Version published in PR

The United States And West German Rearmament 1950-1955

Porast razine CO2 i ostalih stakleničkih plinova te globalno zatopljenje su potakli velik broj zemalja svijeta na prelazak na obnovljive izvore. Cilj Završnog rada je napraviti detaljan pregled tehnologija i mogućnosti korištenja biomase za proizvodnju električne i toplinske energije u kogeneracijskim postrojenjima. Analiza obuhvaća i trenutno stanje elektroenergetskog sustava u Europi i Hrvatskoj. Razmatran je način rada cijelog kogeneracijskog postrojenja i ORC modula po ključnim komponentama te njihova efikasnot povezujući ih sa stvarnim postrojenjem na kojemu se rad temelji. Na kraju je prikazana ekonomska analiza isplativosti projekta uzimajući u obzir iznos investicije i poticaja dobivenih od vlasnika postorojenja. Cijela analiza bit će napravljena na stvarnom kogeneracijskom postrojenju koje se nalazi kraj Osijeka u selu Nard veličine 500 kWe i 1,8 MW topline.Increasing levels of CO2 with greenhouse gases and golobal warming motivated many countries around the world to start the transition to renewable energy sources. Goal of this bachelor „thesis“ is to make a detailed review of available technologies and ways of using biomass for generating electricity and heat in cogenerations systems. Analysis is also evaluating current state of power systems in Europe and Croatia. Futhermore, the way of functioning of whole cogeneration system and ORC module is studied by key components along with their efficiency and then compared with real cogeneration system that this thesis is based on. At last, economic analysis of project is calculated considering subventions and dana provided by the owner of the cogeneration system. Whole analysis is based on real cogeneration system that is built in village Nard near City of Osijek sizing 500 kWe and 1,8 MW heat power

Eine soziologische Analyse der Genese der Europäischen Philosophie des Reichtums

Reichtum und Vermögen sind strukturbildende, aber noch wenig erforschte Kräfte unserer Gesellschaft. Unser heutiges Denken über Reichtum wird von einem Jahrtausende langen philosophischen Diskurs der Reichtumsabwertung beeinflusst, den Robert Velten anhand hunderter Primärtexte erforscht hat. Ergebnis dieser geschichtssoziologisch/philosophischen Analyse: Es gilt in der europäischen Tradition als Zeichen von geistiger Überlegenheit, über Reichtum erhaben zu sein. Grund für die philosophische Reichtumsablehnung sind jedoch nicht höhere Einsichten, sondern der Kampf der Protagonisten um soziale Positionierung. Die Reichtumsphilosophie erfüllt dabei die Funktion der Abwertung des Reichtums gegenüber anderen, vermeintlich höheren sozialen Differenzierungskriterien wie Bildung, Moral und Adel. Die Konzepte Tugend, Askese und Wohltätigkeit wurden als Kampfmittel um politische Macht und gesellschaftliches Ansehen entwickelt. Der Reichtumsdiskurs war schon immer interessensgesteuert

Myocardial Dysfunction in an Animal Model of Cancer Cachexia

Aims Fatigue is a common occurrence in cancer patients regardless of tumor type or anti-tumor therapies and is an especially problematic symptom in persons with incurable tumor disease. In rodents, tumor-induced fatigue is associated with a progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass and increased expression of biomarkers of muscle protein degradation. The purpose of the present study was to determine if muscle wasting and expression of biomarkers of muscle protein degradation occur in the hearts of tumor-bearing mice, and if these effects of tumor growth are associated with changes in cardiac function. Main methods The colon26 adenocarcinoma cell line was implanted into female CD2F1 mice and skeletal muscle wasting, in vivo heart function, in vitro cardiomyocyte function, and biomarkers of muscle protein degradation were determined. Key findings Expression of biomarkers of protein degradation were increased in both the gastrocnemius and heart muscle of tumor-bearing mice and caused systolic dysfunction in vivo. Cardiomyocyte function was significantly depressed during both cellular contraction and relaxation. Significance These results suggest that heart muscle is directly affected by tumor growth, with myocardial function more severely compromised at the cellular level than what is observed using echocardiography