Unfamiliar concepts as an obstacle for critical thinking in public discussions regarding women's rights issues in Latvia: reflective thinking in the 'fake news' era

In Europe it is now out of the question to express any doubts regarding the prevention of violence against women. The majority of the Latvian population also condemns the physical abuse of women; however, the Istanbul Convention which deals with this matter was not ratified here. A number of factors were at play, the most significant of which was pressure exerted through the direct influence of a campaign that had been organised by opponents of the broadest understanding of human rights. Such pressure was exerted on decision makers (MPs and political parties), with indirect impact on the population via social media and the news media outlets. Campaigns by interest groups which spread opposing views are not unusual in a democratic society; however, in this case there was no discussion between the opposing parties. The public domain was not open to an interaction of views and beliefs based on arguments and critical thinking, as the argument of the opponents rested entirely upon their beliefs, whereas the supporters of the convention relied upon valid proof. This article looks at the reasons behind the failure in terms of group communication to establish a constructive discussion on a topic that was so essential to Latvian society: one which served to combat and eradicate violence against women. It also seeks to establish whether the use of an irrational form of convincing technique contradicts the logic of critical thinking, and whether the emergence of unfamiliar and/or incomprehensible concepts on the agenda of a public discussion may serve to put the brakes on the constructive discussion of women’s rights issues which is so essential today to Latvian society as a whole

A Study of Structure and Dynamics in Hydrated Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients

Over 50% of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) are crystallized as simple salts, and of these, over 50% are HCI salts. In many instances, APIs can crystallize into pseudopolymorphic forms (e.g., hydrates or solvates), which have structures distinct from the non-hydrated or non-solvated solid phases. The polymorphic form of an API can influence such factors as the bioavailability, shelf life, toxicity, and solubility in the body. Additionally, each unique hydrate or solvate of an API represents unique intellectual property, and may be distinctly patented. As such, it is very important to precisely structurally characterize all solid forms of APIs. The focus of this project is to use 35CI SSNMR, pXRD, and quantum-chemical calculations to systematically study hydrates of HCI APIs. By analyzing the 35CI and 2H SSNMR spectra of different hydrated and anhydrous forms of various HCI salts, we hope to determine the nature by which water molecules directly and indirectly affect the molecular structures. First principles calculations of 35CI electric field gradient and chemical shielding tensors will aid in rationalizing symmetry/structure/spectral relationships. Preliminary studies on Cimetidine HCl monohydrate and Arginine HCl monohydrate have shown that quantum-chemical calculations do not accurately match experimental data for these hydrated systems. This may be due to dynamic motion of the water molecules in these compounds. By conducting 2H variable temperature SSNMR studies, it will be possible to address this specific hypothesis. It is our hope that these findings will be of interest to the pharmaceutical industry, for use in high throughput analysis of APIs, hydrate identification and detection of impurities, and disproportionation products

Most Dominated Problems of Mass Media Dialogism in National Dailies during the Trial Process of Wikileaks Grounder Julian Assange

This paper examines media mediation, media effects and their impact on the literacy of the public sphere. To examine the medial text and media mediation´s impact on various journalistic fields in different countries, I analyse during the current moment of “the global hunting” around WikiLeaks’ founder Julian Assange. As the source, I use 764 published articles in newspapers and online media from six different countries: Sweden, UK, Ecuador, Russia, Latvia and Malaysia. The objective was to test the intertextuality with using of qualitative research. The period for analysis is the last 1.5 years (2012 - 2013, 04). Results of my research show that the majority of articles demonstrate evidence of demonstrative rhetoric, despite the fact that “the Assange case” actually was a purely legal process and therefore demanded of the mass media factual, legal analysis of the situation. My conclusion shows that here we can see a new, obvious signs of the new way of deliberate censorship by means of linguistic expression. This shows that a very special kind of censorship is implicit in the mission of the global media

Is communication really food?

This paper examines a new doctrine for communication. It argues that effective communications are as important to our well being and happiness as the food we put into our bodies. ‘It can either be healthy (and nourishing) or toxic (and destructive),’ notes the Zen master and Buddhist monk, Thich Nhat Hanh. To examine this theory I decided to test my students. Use was made of a non-proportional stratified sample of younger adults, a total of 200 students who were involved in the survey study. Research is also based on an analysis of a qualitative research programme (a qualitative study) which involved 200 questionnaire texts that were set using two methods: critical discourse analysis and context. The results of my research show that students stressed that they were not using traditional forms of media, that the younger reader wants dialogue with the author or journalist, and that they tend to favour relationship-based communications which are offered by social media. My conclusions show that social media is regarded as ‘an anti-loneliness tool‘, and that it encourages a dialogue between the transmitter and the reader and allows a dialogue between them both. Language acts here as a relationship-building resource and shows a level of interaction between text and participants. This shows that, via social media, the internet provides a special form of communication which compensates the audience as might a gourmet restaurant

13 kirja L. Puusepale

https://www.ester.ee/record=b5268272*es

Laulan mitut laulu

Loov-praktilise lõputöö kirjaliku osa eesmärgiks oli anda ülevaade autori varasematest õpikogemustest, õpingutest TÜ VKA-s ning diplomikontserdi “Laulan mitu laulu” kontseptsioonist, repertuaarist ja korraldusest. Lõputöö esimeses peatükis tutvustab autor oma muusikalise teekonna algust ja õpinguid TÜ VKA-s. Teises osas keskendub kontserdikava “Laulan mitu laulu” kontseptsiooni avamisele ning kontserdi repertuaari tutvustamisele. Kolmandas osas kirjeldab kontserdi korralduslikku poolt: koosseisu, ettevalmistusprotsessi, lava paigutust ja filmimist.https://www.ester.ee/record=b5420881*es

The effect of farming systems and weather conditions on the yield stability of winter wheat

Bakalaureusetöö Põllumajandussaaduste tootmise ja turustamise õppekavalKäesoleva bakalaureusetöö eesmärgiks on välja selgitada tava- ja maheviljelusviisi mõju talinisu terasaagi stabiilsusele, suurusele ning kvaliteedile. Eesti Maaülikooli katsepõllule Eerikale loodi 2008. aastal mahe- ja tavatootmist võrdlev pikaajaline katse. Töös kasutatakse 2012.–2019. aasta andmeid. Katse rajati süstemaatilise plokksüsteemina neljas korduses. Mahesüsteemi variandid olid Org I, Org II, Org III, kus lämmastiku allikaks olid liblikõieliste poolt sümbiootiliselt seotud õhulämmastik, talviste vahekultuuride poolt seotud lämmastik ja sõnnik. Tavasüsteemi variandid N50, N100, N150 said lisaks liblikõielistele ka mineraallämmastikku. Terasaagi varieeruvus katseaastate keskmisena oli variatsioonikoefitsiendi järgi väiksem mahesüsteemis (24‒28%). Saagi suurem varieeruvus tavasüsteemis võis olla tingitud ilmastiku mõjust mineraalse lämmastikväetise kättesaadavusele taimede võrsumisfaasis, mis mõjutab olulisel määral produktiivvõrsete arvukust ja seeläbi ka saagikust. Lämmastikväetise jaotatult andmine suurendas gluteeni sisaldust terades. Viljelusviis ja väetisvariant mõjutasid 1000 tera massi usutaval määral, kusjuures tõenäosusanalüüs näitas, et mahesüsteemis kasvanud taimede 1000 tera mass on tõenäoliselt keskmiselt 3,55 grammi väikse kui tavasüsteemi taimedel. Katses mõjutas talinisu langemisarvu dispersioonanalüüsi andmetel uuritud faktoritest kõige enam katseaasta ilmastik (74%).The aim of this bachelor's thesis is to identify the effect of conventional and organic farming on the stability, quantity and quality of winter wheat yields. The field trial was created in 2008 on the experimental field in Eerika at the Estonian University of Life Sciences to compare the organic and conventional farmings. This thesis compares the data of the years 2012‒2019. Systematic block system in four replicates was used in this experiment. The organic system used variants Org I, Org II and Org III where the sources of nitrogen were legumes fixing atmospheric nitrogen, winter cover crops and farm manure. The conventional system used variants N50, N100, N150 where in addition to legume crops mineral nitrogen was also added. According to the coefficient of variation, the average variability of the yield in the test years was lower in the organic system (24‒28%). The increased variability of yield in the conventional system could be due to the climatic impact on the availability of mineral nitrogen fertiliser in the booting stage of plants, which significantly affects the number of productive shoots and therefore also affecting the wheat yield. Distribution of nitrogen fertiliser increased gluten content in the grains. The farming system and the fertiliser affected the thousand kernel weight significantly, whereas the analysis of probability showed, that plants grown in organic farming had 1000 kernel weight averagely 3.55 g lower than that in conventional farming. The Falling Number is a very important factor to determine the quality of wheat grains. The analysis showed that the weather conditions of the test year (74%) had the highest impact on the Falling Number

Most Dominated Problems of Mass Media Dialogism in National Dailies during the Trial Process of Wikileaks Grounder Julian Assange

This paper examines media mediation, media effects and their impact on the literacy of the public sphere. To examine the medial text and media mediation´s impact on various journalistic fields in different countries, I analyse during the current moment of “the global hunting” around WikiLeaks’ founder Julian Assange. As the source, I use 764 published articles in newspapers and online media from six different countries: Sweden, UK, Ecuador, Russia, Latvia and Malaysia. The objective was to test the intertextuality with using of qualitative research. The period for analysis is the last 1.5 years (2012 - 2013, 04). Results of my research show that the majority of articles demonstrate evidence of demonstrative rhetoric, despite the fact that “the Assange case” actually was a purely legal process and therefore demanded of the mass media factual, legal analysis of the situation. My conclusion shows that here we can see a new, obvious signs of the new way of deliberate censorship by means of linguistic expression. This shows that a very special kind of censorship is implicit in the mission of the global media