Interface in Our Ears

One of the current trends amongst the major software companies is Virtual Personal Assistants (VPA), such as Apple Siri, Google Assistant and Amazon Alexa. This market is growing rapidly, and the assistants are getting smarter and becoming more capable. However, in this kind of rapid expansion it is easy to lose focus on the user, which may lead to the end user discarding the VPA as another software gimmick. In this Master’s Thesis I focus on the interface in our ears by using various methods in interaction design and user experience in conjunction with VPAs to investigate new ways of developing the digital assistant. One way to develop VPAs could be to introduce stacked commands so that VPAs can collect and perform several commands at once, giving users more information whilst still being efficient. The feature of stacked commands is where VPAs can perform multiple actions with just one command by performing each command option one after another or by “stacking”. This feature of stack commands can give users quick status reports or seemingly perform multiple tasks simultaneously. This thesis illustrates one way to utilise the stack command in the field of home systems. An early concept prototype was developed and tested how this feature could be displayed, giving visual and audio feedback to the user. The prototype received positive responses during the testing phase and showed that participants preferred this new kind of interaction with the VPA. The concept of stacked commands can be extended to, but is not limited by, homes, cars and workplaces. A market driven development could further this concept to any eyes-and/or-hands-busy environment where voice activated VPAs would be deemed necessary

Bosquejo apologetico de las grandezas de la ciudad de Velez-Malaga

Hojas imp. por ambas caras27 lín. ; texto a toda plana con glosas marginales ; cuad. sign. ; rec. ; esc. tip.soo. e-us e-e- segi (3) Año de 1640.Copia digital. realizada por la Biblioteca de Andalucí

Identidad cultural bereber y enseñanza del amazigh

The Moroccan population is a multilingual community. Historically there has been a cultural heterogeneity and ethnic coexistence. The Amazigh language is an indigenous North African oral tradition, used by most of the Berber population. Its integration into the Moroccan school system is beginning to develop. In 2001 Mohamed VI refers to the plural identity of the Moroccan people for first time. In 2003 the Amazigh was initiated in some Moroccan primary schools. Currently, there are difficulties in the implementation of Amazigh in public education, as insufficient human, economic and structural resources. The generalization of the teaching of Amazigh in the complete school system is a challenge.cLa población marroquí constituye una comunidad multilingüe. Su heterogeneidad cultural acentuada por la convivencia interétnica constituye una constante histórica. El amazigh es una lengua autóctona del norte de África, esencialmente de tradición oral, utilizada cotidianamente por la mayoría de la población bereber. Su revitalización etnolingüística e integración en el sistema escolar marroquí está comenzando a desarrollarse. Por primera vez, en 2001, Mohamed VI se refiere a la identidad plural del pueblo marroquí. En 2003 se produce la integración de la lengua amazigh en algunas escuelas primarias marroquíes. Actualmente, están afrontando serias dificultades para la implantación de una educación pública en lengua amazigh, entre las que destacan los insuficientes recursos humanos, económicos y estructurales existentes. La generalización de la enseñanza del amazigh a todos los niveles del sistema educativo parece más un reto con un fuerte componente político que una decisión con visos de realidad.The Moroccan population is a multilingual community. Historically there has been a cultural heterogeneity and ethnic coexistence. The Amazigh language is an indigenous North African oral tradition, used by most of the Berber population. Its integration into the Moroccan school system is beginning to develop. In 2001 Mohamed VI refers to the plural identity of the Moroccan people for first time. In 2003 the Amazigh was initiated in some Moroccan primary schools. Currently, there are difficulties in the implementation of Amazigh in public education, as insufficient human, economic and structural resources. The generalization of the teaching of Amazigh in the complete school system is a challenge

Gear transmission dynamic: Effects of tooth profile deviations and support flexibility

In this work a non-linear dynamic model of spur gear transmissions previously developed by the authors is extended to include both desired (relief) and undesired (manufacture errors) deviations in the tooth profile. The model uses a hybrid method for the calculation of meshing forces, which combines FE analysis and analytical formulation, so that it enables a very straightforward implementation of the tooth profile deviations. The model approach handles well non-linearity due to the variable meshing stiffness and the clearances involved in gear dynamics, also including the same phenomena linked to bearings. In order to assess the ability of the model to simulate the impact of the deviations on the transmission dynamics, an example is presented including profile deviations under different values of transmitted torque. Several results of this example implementation are presented, showing the model's effectiveness.This paper has been developed in the framework of Project DPI2006-14348 funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Technology

Enhanced model of gear transmission dynamics for condition monitoring applications: Effects of torque, friction and bearing clearance

Gear transmissions remain as one of the most complex mechanical systems from the point of view of noise and vibration behavior. Research on gear modeling leading to the obtaining of models capable of accurately reproduce the dynamic behavior of real gear transmissions has spread out the last decades. Most of these models, although useful for design stages, often include simplifications that impede their application for condition monitoring purposes. Trying to filling this gap, the model presented in this paper allows us to simulate gear transmission dynamics including most of these features usually neglected by the state of the art models. This work presents a model capable of considering simultaneously the internal excitations due to the variable meshing stiffness (including the coupling among successive tooth pairs in contact, the non-linearity linked with the contacts between surfaces and the dissipative effects), and those excitations consequence of the bearing variable compliance (including clearances or pre-loads). The model can also simulate gear dynamics in a realistic torque dependent scenario. The proposed model combines a hybrid formulation for calculation of meshing forces with a non-linear variable compliance approach for bearings. Meshing forces are obtained by means of a double approach which combines numerical and analytical aspects. The methodology used provides a detailed description of the meshing forces, allowing their calculation even when gear center distance is modified due to shaft and bearing flexibilities, which are unavoidable in real transmissions. On the other hand, forces at bearing level were obtained considering a variable number of supporting rolling elements, depending on the applied load and clearances. Both formulations have been developed and applied to the simulation of the vibration of a sample transmission, focusing the attention on the transmitted load, friction meshing forces and bearing preloads.The authors would like to acknowledge Project DPI 2013-44860 funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Technology and Project PRX14/00451 funded by the Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture and Sports

Efficiency analysis of spur gears with a shifting profile

A model for the assessment of the energy efficiency of spur gears is presented in this study, which considers a shifting profile under different operating conditions (40–600 Nm and 1500–6000 rpm). Three factors affect the power losses resulting from friction forces in a lubricated spur gear pair, namely, the friction coefficient, sliding velocity and load sharing ratio. Friction forces were implemented using a Coulomb’s model with a constant friction coefficient which is the well-known Niemann formulation. Three different scenarios were developed to assess the effect of the shifting profile on the efficiency under different operating conditions. The first kept the exterior radii constant, the second maintained the theoretical contact ratio whilst in the third the exterior radii is defined by the shifting coefficient. The numerical results were compared with a traditional approach to assess the results.The authors would like to acknowledge Project DPI2013-44860 funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Technology and the COST ACTION TU 1105 for supporting this research

Advanced model for the calculation of meshing forces in spur gear planetary transmissions

This paper presents a planar spur gear planetary transmission model, describing in great detail aspects such as the geometric definition of geometric overlaps and the contact forces calculation, thus facilitating the reproducibility of results by fellow researchers. The planetary model is based on a mesh model already used by the authors in the study of external gear ordinary transmissions. The model has been improved and extended to allow for the internal meshing simulation, taking into consideration three possible contact scenarios: involute–involute contact, and two types of involute-tip rounding arc contact. The 6 degrees of freedom system solved for a single couple of gears has been expanded to 6 + 3n degrees of freedom for a planetary transmission with n planets. Furthermore, the coupling of deformations through the gear bodies’ flexibility has been also implemented and assessed. A step-by-step integration of the planetary is presented, using two typical configurations, demonstrating the model capability for transmission simulation of a planetary with distinct pressure angles on each mesh. The model is also put to the test with the simulation of the transmission error of a real transmission system, including the effect of different levels of external torque. The model is assessed by means of quasi-static analyses, and the meshing stiffness values are compared with those provided by the literature.The authors would like to acknowledge Project DPI2013-44860 funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Technology

On the design of external involute gears

A theoretical investigation of the stresses in external involute helical gears has been carried out. Geometrical conditions are given and the load distribution along and between the gear teeth in contact is calculated. With this load distribution, contact pressure and fillet tensile and compression stresses are calculated. The influence bending functions, used to calculate the load distribution, and the fillet stresses are calculated by the finite element method. Results are presented for the contact pressure and fillet stresses as functions of the number of teeth and the helix angle

Evaluación integral de defensas ribereñas ejecutadas por el INDECI en el periodo 1992-2000

El presente Infame de Suficiencia tiene como objetivo analizar las condiciones hidráulicas, geotécnicas y estructurales de las obras de defensas ribereñas ejecutadas en el período 1992-2000 e intenta convertirse en un manual de ayuda para quienes deseen iniciarse en el apasionante tema del estudio de los ríos. El contenido del Informe es el siguiente: Introducción y resumen del Informe de Suficiencia En el Capítulo 1, se descrito los antecedentes y objetivos del Informe. En el Capítulo 2, “Fundamento teórico” se describe los criterios de Hidráulica Fluvial a tenerse en cuenta, así como la Infamación Básica que se requiere, para tornarse un criterio de diseño de las obras de defensa ribereña a ejecutarse en los ríos. En el Capítulo 3, “Evaluación Integral de Defensa ribereñas”, se presenta un listado y descripción general de las obras ejecutadas por el INDECI en el período 1992-2000, presentando la evaluación estructural, geotécnica, geomorfología y economía de un grupo de seis obras seleccionadas, por cada tipo de estructura de defensa ribereña. En el Capítulo 4, trata el tema “Recomendaciones de diseño”, se destaca las consideraciones de diseño a tenerse en cuenta en la etapa de la elaboración de los estudios de un proyecto de defensa ribereña, para lo cual se tendrá en cuenta los aspectos geomorfológicos, hidrológicos, hidráulicos, topográficos y económicos, que complementan la aplicación de los principios básicos de la Hidráulica Fluvial. Se termina con la Conclusiones y Recomendaciones sobre los temas tratados.Trabajo de suficiencia profesiona