Sketch Comedy and the Art of Humor

publishersversionpublishe

A CONSTRUÇÃO COLETIVA DE NARRATIVAS SOBRE O PASSADO: O PRIMEIRO ASFALTAMENTO DE SÃO PAULO

Este artigo apresenta uma pesquisa inédita que visa desmitificar a questão do primeiro asfaltamento de São Paulo, em oposição à narrativa consolidada no imaginário popular paulistano que atribui este título à Avenida Paulista. Por meio de uma extensa pesquisa documental, propõe-se uma nova interpretação para o caso e, além disso, busca-se esclarecer os processos que levaram à formação da versão conhecida até hoje. Por fim, são discutidas as consequências da construção coletiva de narrativas sobre o passado sem compromisso com a verificação de informações, ou preocupações metodológicas de qualquer tipo, na sociedade contemporânea. This paper presents an unprecedented research which aims to demystify the issue about São Paulo’s first street to be paved in asphalt, questioning the well-established narrative featured in its inhabitants’ popular imagery, which attributes this achievement to Avenida Paulista. Through a thorough documentary research, a new interpretation of the case is presented, and furthermore, it seeks to clarify the processes that have set up the well-known version of the case. Finally, it discuss what are the consequences of the collective construction of narratives about the past with no commitment to the verification of the sources, or any concern about methodological matters, in the contemporary society.&nbsp

Controle da alteração dimensional térmica em estruturas metálicas de próteses sobre implantes: estudo in vitro

Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências da Saúde. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Odontologia.Estudo in vitro que analisou a eficácia do condicionamento térmico de estruturas metálicas de próteses sobre implantes, previamente aos ciclos convencionais para cocção da cerâmica, no controle da alteração dimensional do metal.. Sete estruturas de Níquel-Cromo formaram o grupo controle, e foram tratados de maneira convencional. As outras estruturas, da mesma liga, constituíram o grupo teste, e foram submetidos a condicionamento térmico, logo após a fundição, ainda no interior do revestimento. Nos dois grupos, constatou-se a alteração dimensional estatisticamente semelhante após os ciclos térmicos para a cocção da cerâmica. Constatou-se a importância do aquecimento da liga previamente à prova em boca das estruturas metálicas, pois permite a avaliação de seu assentamento com a maior parte da alteração térmica dimensional já manifestada

Avaliação do efeito da força de aperto de parafusos de retenção na desadaptação marginal de próteses sobre implantes

OBJECTIVES: The present in vitro study was designed to compare the differences in the vertical misfit of implant-supported frameworks using three different forces for tightening the bridge locking screws: fastening by hand until first resistance, and using torque drivers with 10 and 20Ncm. METHODS: The investigation was conducted based on the results given by 9 six-unit nickel-chromium (2 abutments/ 4 pontics) screw-retained implant-supported frameworks. The structures were exposed to simulated porcelain firings. The marginal misfit measurements were made using a traveling measuring microscope at selected screw tightening forces: fastening by hand until first resistance, and using torque drivers with 10 and 20Ncm. The results were submitted to one-way ANOVA with repeated measures on one factor, and post hoc pairwise comparisons using Tukey test (5%). RESULTS: The mean marginal misfit of the frameworks, fastening the screws by hand until first resistance, was 41.56µm (SD±12.45µm). The use of torque driver devices caused a significant reduction in marginal opening (pO presente estudo avaliou o efeito da força de aperto de parafusos de retenção na desadaptação marginal de próteses sobre implantes. A investigação foi conduzida baseada em resultados fornecidos por nove estruturas metálicas implanto-suportadas de seis elementos (02 retentores e 04 pônticos), retidas por parafusos. A mensuração da desadaptação marginal foi realizada com auxílio de microscópio óptico, nos seguintes momentos: M1: aperto com chave manual até a primeira resistência do parafuso; M2: aperto utilizando torquímetro mecânico com 10Ncm e M3: aperto utilizando torquímetro mecânico com 20Ncm. As médias de desadaptação foram submetidas à análise estatística (ANOVA e Tukey). O emprego de torquímetros mecânicos, independente do valor de torque, determinou redução significativa na abertura marginal (

Effect of cast rectifiers on the marginal fit of UCLA abutments

OBJECTIVES: This study assessed the effect of cast rectifiers on the marginal misfit of cast UCLA abutments compared to premachined UCLA abutments. The influence of casting and porcelain baking on the marginal misfit of these components was also investigated. METHODS: Two groups were analyzed: test group - 10 cast UCLA abutments, finished with cast rectifier and submitted to ceramic application; control group - 10 premachined UCLA abutments, cast with noble metal alloy and submitted to ceramic application. Vertical misfit measurements were performed under light microscopy. In the test group, measurements were performed before and after the use of cast rectifiers, and after ceramic application. In the control group, measurements were performed before and after casting, and after ceramic application. Data were submitted to statistical analysis by ANOVA and Tukey's test (a= 5%). RESULTS: The use of cast rectifiers significantly reduced the marginal misfit of cast UCLA abutments (from 25.68mm to 14.83mm;

Clustering of physical activity, sedentary behavior, and diet associated with social isolation among Brazilian adolescents

Backgound Although obesogenic behaviors have been found to be related to social isolation, evidence-based person-centered approaches are lacking. This study investigated the association between clusters of obesogenic behavior – derived from a data-driven process – and social isolation among Brazilian adolescents. Methods Data from the National Adolescent School-based Health Survey (PeNSE) 2015 were analyzed. A total of 100,794 9th-grade students (51.3% females; 14.3 ± 0.1 years old) enrolled in 3,040 public and private high schools participated in the study. Social isolation was assessed by two outcomes (i.e., perceived loneliness and lack of close friends). A two-step cluster analysis was conducted to identify patterns of obesogenic behaviors with the input of leisure-time physical activity (PA), sitting time as a proxy of sedentary behavior (SB), and the weekly consumption of healthy and unhealthy food. Crude and adjusted binary logistic regression models were applied to evaluate the associations between the clusters of obesogenic behaviors and social isolation variables in adolescents. Results Three clusters were identified. Adolescents in the “Health-promoting SB and diet” (32.6%; OR = 0.69; 95% CI = 0.62–0.76) and “Health-promoting PA and diet” (44.9%; OR = 0.73; 95% CI = 0.67–0.79) clusters had lower odds of loneliness compared to those in the “Health-risk” cluster (22.5%). Those belonging to the “Health-promoting PA and diet” cluster were more likely to report having close friends (OR = 1.19; 95% CI = 1.00–1.41) than those in the “Health-risk” cluster. Conclusion Adolescents in clusters where positive behaviors outweighed negative ones were less likely to perceive themselves as lonely and without close connections

School-based interventions modestly increase physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness but are least effective for youth who need them most: an individual participant pooled analysis of 20 controlled trials

OBJECTIVES To determine if subpopulations of students benefit equally from school-based physical activity interventions in terms of cardiorespiratory fitness and physical activity. To examine if physical activity intensity mediates improvements in cardiorespiratory fitness. DESIGN Pooled analysis of individual participant data from controlled trials that assessed the impact of school-based physical activity interventions on cardiorespiratory fitness and device-measured physical activity. PARTICIPANTS Data for 6621 children and adolescents aged 4-18 years from 20 trials were included. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Peak oxygen consumption (VO$_{2Peak}$ mL/kg/min) and minutes of moderate and vigorous physical activity. RESULTS Interventions modestly improved students' cardiorespiratory fitness by 0.47 mL/kg/min (95% CI 0.33 to 0.61), but the effects were not distributed equally across subpopulations. Girls and older students benefited less than boys and younger students, respectively. Students with lower levels of initial fitness, and those with higher levels of baseline physical activity benefitted more than those who were initially fitter and less active, respectively. Interventions had a modest positive effect on physical activity with approximately one additional minute per day of both moderate and vigorous physical activity. Changes in vigorous, but not moderate intensity, physical activity explained a small amount (~5%) of the intervention effect on cardiorespiratory fitness. CONCLUSIONS Future interventions should include targeted strategies to address the needs of girls and older students. Interventions may also be improved by promoting more vigorous intensity physical activity. Interventions could mitigate declining youth cardiorespiratory fitness, increase physical activity and promote cardiovascular health if they can be delivered equitably and their effects sustained at the population level

In vitro evaluation of the precision of working casts for implant-supported restoration with multiple abutments

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to compare the accuracy of two working cast fabrication techniques using strain-gauge analysis. METHODS: Two working cast fabrication methods were evaluated. Based on a master model, 20 working casts were fabricated by means of an indirect impression technique using polyether after splinting the square transfer copings with acrylic resin. Specimens were assigned to 2 groups (n=10): Group A (GA): type IV dental stone was poured around the abutment analogs in the conventional way; Group B (GB), the dental stone was poured in two stages. Spacers were used over the abutment analogs (rubber tubes) and type IV dental stone was poured around the abutment analogs in the conventional way. After the stone had hardened completely, the spacers were removed and more stone was inserted in the spaces created. Six strain-gauges (Excel Ltd.), positioned in a cast bar, which was dimensionally accurate (perfect fit) to the master model, recorded the microstrains generated by each specimen. Data were analyzed statistically by the variance analysis (ANOVA) and Tukey's test (α= 5%). RESULTS: The microstrain values (µepsilon) were (mean±SD): GA: 263.7±109.07µepsilon, and GB: 193.73±78.83µepsilon. CONCLUSION: There was no statistical difference between the two methods studied

ESTRUTURA POPULACIONAL E PADRÃO DE DISTRIBUIÇÃO ESPACIAL DE Pouteria cladantha Sandwith EM UMA FLORESTAS SOB REGIME DE MANEJO SUSTENTÁVEL, PARÁ

This study aimed to analyze the structure and spatial distribution of the population of Pouteria cladantha Sandwith (Sapotaceae), as well as the influence of forest harvesting on natural regeneration and canopy layer. Sampling was used in clusters, with 37 sampling units composed of four subunits (parcels) of 250 m² (5 m x 50 m). In the tree stratum considered all individuals with DBH ≥ 10 cm for natural regeneration and individuals with Ht ≥ 5cm DBH <5. In the eight months after harvesting the abundance of natural regeneration showed significant reductions (p <0.05) of 55.2%, while the canopy layer increased by 2.2 ind.ha-1, however, not significant. The distribution of individuals in diameter classes and size before and after the harvest showed a tendency to the "inverted J". In general, the population showed random pattern of distribution, however, when analyzing separately the grown layer showed changes from random shift pattern to the aggregate, whereas the regeneration showed the same random pattern after harvest.Keywords: diametric distribution; natural regeneration; forest management; Amazon.Objetivou-se analisar a estrutura e distribuição espacial de uma população de Pouteria cladantha Sandwith (Sapotaceae), assim como a influência da colheita florestal sobre a regeneração natural e estrato adulto. Utilizou-se amostragem em conglomerados, com 37 unidades amostrais, constituída por quatro subunidades (parcelas) de 250 m² (5 m x 50 m) cada. No estrato arbóreo considerou-se todos os indivíduos com DAP ≥ 10 cm e para regeneração natural os indivíduos com Ht ≥ 5 cm até DAP < 5. No período de oito meses após a colheita florestal a abundância da regeneração natural apresentou reduções significativas (p<0,05) de 55,2%, enquanto que o estrato adulto apresentou um aumento de 2,2 ind.ha-1, porém, não significativo. A distribuição dos indivíduos em classes de diâmetro e tamanho antes e após a exploração mostrou tendência ao “J invertido”. De modo geral, a população apresentou padrão de distribuição aleatório, no entanto, quando analisando separadamente, o estrato adulto apresentou mudança do padrão aleatório para o agregado, enquanto que, a regeneração apresentou o padrão aleatório mesmo após a colheita.Palavras chaves: distribuição diamétrica, regeneração natural, manejo florestal, Amazônia

Psychological stress in high level sailors during competition

The purpose of this work was to investigate the psychological stress present in elite sailors in a competition. Based on a descriptive field research, 31 elite sailors volunteered to participate. They answered the Perceived Stress Scale (Cohen & Williamson, 1988) and also specific questions on self-control, sources and strategies of coping. Data were analyzed by using descriptive and inferential (Student t test and Pearson's correlation) statistics. These athletes revealed low and moderate scores (M = 20.00, DP = 6.83) of stress originated from both intrinsic (ship troubles, team disorders) and extrinsic (study, working and training, family and financial problems) sources. The group reported good stress control during competition through the use of cognitive (avoidance) and somatic (listening music, resting/sleeping, talk to friends) strategies. It is important that sailors are able to control and cope with high levels of psychological stress and to understand how to proceed when under unstable and unexpected situations that arise during competition