Sagittal spinal curvatures and pelvic inclination in kayakers

El objetivo del estudio fue comparar la disposición sagital del raquis e inclinación pélvica en diferentes posiciones en kayakistas. A ciento treinta kayakistas entre 15 y 20 años (62 varones y 68 mujeres) se les evaluó, mediante un Spinal Mouse, la disposición angular del raquis torácico, lumbar e inclinación pélvica en bipedestación, sedentación relajada, máxima flexión del tronco en sedentación, test sit-and-reach, posición de base y de ataque en un kayak-ergómetro. La cifosis torácica en la piragua fue menor (p<0,001) que en bipedestación y sedentación relajada. El raquis lumbar se dispuso en inversión lumbar en las posturas de flexión del tronco y sedentación, favorecido por una posición de retroversión pélvica. Las mujeres adoptaron posturas de menor flexión lumbar y pélvica en el kayak-ergómetro. En conclusión, la posición de las mujeres en el kayak-ergómetro se caracteriza por posturas más alineadas del raquis y pelvisThe aim of this study was to compare the sagittal spinal curvatures and pelvic tilt in different positions on kayakers. One hundred and thirty kayakers between 15 and 20 years (62 males and 68 females) participated in this study. Thoracic and lumbar curvatures and pelvic position were evaluated with a Spinal Mouse system in standing position, slumped sitting, maximal trunk bending with knees flexed, sit-and-reach test, base position right entry position and left entry position in a kayak ergometer. Thoracic kyphosis in the kayak-ergometer was more reduced (p<0,001) than standing and slumped sitting. Lumbar spine adopted kyphotic postures when maximal trunk flexion was performed and in the kayak ergometer. This posture was related to posterior pelvic tilt. Females showed lower lumbar and pelvic flexion than males in the kayak ergometer. In conclusion, females adopt more aligned spinal and pelvic postures in the kayak ergometer than malesEste estudio se realizó en el marco de las ayudas de la Fundación Séneca-Agencia de Ciencia y Tecnología de la Región de Murcia (II PCTRM 2007-2010) al proyecto nº 11951/PI/09, titulado “Evolution of sagittal spinal curvatures, hamstring extensibility, low back pain, and anthropometric characteristics in elite paddlers

Resistance training effects on healthy postmenopausal women: a systematic review with meta-analysis

The aim of this systematic review with meta-analysis was to evaluate the effects of resistance training on physical fitness, physiological variables and body composition of postmenopausal women. The present systematic review was performed in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) statement and was registered in PROSPERO. A total of 12 studies were included. The literature search was performed in PubMed, Web of Science and EBSCO. Randomized control trials were included. Two blinded investigators performed the search, study selection and data collection, and assessed the quality and risk of bias. A random-effects model was used for all analyses. Compared to the control group, resistance training produced a significant improvement in maximal oxygen volume (standardized mean difference [SMD] = 2.32, p p p < 0.001). The results obtained in the systematic review and meta-analysis confirm the benefits of resistance training on physical fitness in postmenopausal women, although there is more debate regarding its influence on bone mineral density, and anthropometric and derived variables. This work provides a solid starting point for promoting resistance training at a frequency of 3 days per week, in 60-min sessions, with the aim of improving parameters directly related to quality of life, functionality and disease prevention of postmenopausal women.</p

Kinantropometry characteristic of elite baseball players

Introducción: a pesar de que las características antropométricas es uno de los métodos utilizados dentro de la selección de talentos deportivos, son pocos los estudios que han analizado el perfil morfológico del jugador de béisbol de élite. Objetivo: analizar el perfil antropométrico de los jugadores de béisbol de élite nacional de forma global y según el puesto ocupado. Material y métodos: Doscientos diecisiete jugadores de béisbol masculino (edad: 23,87 ± 5,32 años) de la División de Honor española participaron en el presente estudio. A todos ellos se les clasificó según su posición de juego y se les realizó una valoración antropométrica. Posteriormente se calculó su somatotipo, composición corporal, índice de masa corporal (IMC) y sumatorio de seis pliegues. Resultados: los jugadores no mostraron diferencias signifi cativas en función de su posición en el campo en la talla, el peso, los pliegues tríceps, subescapular, bíceps, supraespinal, abdominal y pierna, ni en el sumatorio de seis pliegues o el diámetro biestiloideo. Sí que se encontraron diferencias significativas en el pliegue del muslo, perímetros del brazo contraído y pierna y diámetros biepicondíleo del húmero y fémur. Tampoco se hallaron diferencias significativas en el IMC, la composición corporal o el somatotipo. Los valores de endomorfia fueron altos, los de mesomorfia altos o medio-altos y los de ectomorfia bajos, siendo la clasificación del somatotipo mesoendomorfo o endomorfo-mesomorfo según la posición de juego. Conclusión: existe una gran homogeneidad en el perfil antropométrico de los jugadores de béisbol según su posición de juego, diferenciándose únicamente en algunas variables antropométricas como perímetros y diámetros.Introduction: Anthropometric characteristics is one of the methods that they have been used in sport talent detection. However, few studies have analyzed the morphological profile of elite baseball player. Objective: To analyze the anthropometric profile of elite Spanish baseball players, classified by playing positions and globally. Material and methods: Two hundred and seventeen male baseball players (age: 23.87 ± 5.32 years) from Spanish Honor Division participated in this study. Athletes were classified based on their playing position. Anthropometric variables were measured and somatotype, body composition, body mass index (BMI) and six skinfolds sum were calculated. Results: Players did not show significant differences based on their playing position in stretch stature; body mass; triceps, subscapular, biceps, supraspinale, abdominal and medial calf skinfolds; six skinfold sum; and wrist (bi-styloid) bone breadth. There were significant differences in front thigh skinfold, arm flexed and tensed and calf girths, humerus (biepicondylar) and femur (biepicondylar) bone breadths; BMI, body composition and somatotype. Endomorphy showed a high value, mesomorphy a high or medium-high values and ectomorphy a low value. Generally, athletes showed a mesomorphic endomorph and mesomorph-endomorph somatotype, depends on the playing position. Conclusion: Baseball players of all the playing positions showed a high homogeneity in the anthropometric profile. There were only few differences in some anthropometric variables such as girths and bone breaths.Actividad Física y Deport

Self-perception of dual career barriers and athletic identity in student-athletes with disabilities according to disability type and level of professionalization

Abstract The objective of this study was to analyze the perceived barriers to dual career success and athletic identity of student-athletes according to disability type and level of professionalization. The final sample consisted of 203 student-athletes with disabilities from five European countries. The questionnaires used were ESTPORT, EBBS and AIMS. Depending on disability type, it was found that student-athletes with hearing and physical impairment showed the highest difficulty in reconciling sports and studies (p = 0.001); that student-athletes with a hearing impairment showed the highest score in the barrier ‘the cost of education is high’ (p = 0.023); that student-athletes with a physical impairment had the highest scores in the barrier ‘Exercise tires me’ (p = 0.013); that student-athletes with cerebral palsy showed the highest scores in the barrier ‘I do not have enough university/educational institution support’ (p = 0.014) and ‘Exercise facilities do not have convenient timetables for me’ (p = 0.001). Depending on sports professionalization level, semi-professional student-athletes showed the highest values in the barrier ‘the university/educational institution is far from my training center’ (p = 0.040); while professional student-athletes had the highest score in the barrier ‘exercise takes too much time from family responsibilities’ (p = 0.034). In most of the variables related to identity as athletes, professional student-athletes showed the highest values, followed by semi-professional athletes (p = 0.043- < 0.001). In conclusion, the self-perception of barriers is quite relevant, with differences arising from disability type and level of professionalization, whereas the identity as an athlete is only different according to the level of professionalization

La expresión oral y escrita, objetivo fundamental de calidad de la enseñanza

Convocatoria de Proyectos de innovación de Extremadura 2017/2018Se describe un proyecto llevado a cabo en el IES Miguel Durán (Azuaga, Badajoz) desarrollado dentro del Sistema de Gestión de Calidad del centro, que tenía como objetivo principal que los alumnos adquirieran las competencias necesarias para una correcta expresión oral y escrita (mejora de la competencia informacional y las competencias comunicativa e idiomática). Para conseguir el objetivo se organizaron distintas actividades promovidas por el Grupo de Trabajo de la Biblioteca del centro: fomento de la lectura, feria del libro, Día de la poesía, diversas actividades de lectura en la biblioteca, club de lectura con libros digitales, etc., así como la realización de otras actividades y la elaboración de materiales por parte de los distintos departamentos del instituto como: exposiciones de los alumnos ante el aula, lectura en distintos soportes, realización de trabajos de investigación, actividades de enriquecimiento del vocabulario, etc.ExtremaduraES