Do consumers really know if the price is right ? Direct measures of references price are their implications for retailing

Reference price research suggest that consumers memorize and recall price information when selecting brands for frequently purchased products. In this study, we show that previous price-knowledge surveys provided imperfect estimates of reference price. Further, we propose to use a combination of price recall, price recognition, and deal recognition to measure representations to memorize prices. In addition we identify consumer and product characteristics that explain the variations in price knowledge.price knowledge; reference price; retailing

Consumers' immediate memory for prices

In this article, the authors examine the cognitive mechanics involved in keeping prices in short-terme memory for subsequent recall. Consumers code and store prices verbally, visually, and in terms of their magnitude. The encoding used influences immediate recall performance. The memorability of prices depends on their verbal length, usualness and overall magnitude. They find that the performance of consumers recall prices better than what previous digit span studies with simple numbers have suggested.consumer behavior; numerical cognition; price memory

Connaissance du prix par les enfants de 5 à 13 ans : une étude exploratoire

At a very early age, the child becomes a real consumer and the prices becomes part of his daily basis. This exploratory study shows that the child acquires a knowledge of prices through a non linear and non cumulative training, marked out by formative incidents. He uses measures and strategies of price evaluation. This procedure is influenced by interest, expertise and experience of children product.child-consumer; price konwoledge; memorization and estimation of prices

Creativity and e-advertising: A Qualitative Study of Art Directors' Creative Processes

International audienceAn interpretive analysis of qualitative interviews with 33 creators of advertising banners for the Internet, combined with retrospective protocols on the creation process, reveals that they hold implicit theories about the potential impact of their work on different audiences. These audiences intervene in the form of intraindividual imaginary dialogue partners who, throughout the creative process, give their reactions to the message being created. Creation and evaluation are therefore intertwined and not, as the literature on creativity has suggested, two sequential steps of the creative process.Quels sont les processus socio-cognitifs impliqués dans la créativité des publicitaires travaillant sur le web

Les effets persuasifs de l’e-publicité perçue « sans conscience » en vision périphérique

À l’aide d’une expérimentation, nous montrons que des messages publicitaires sur l’internet apparaissant dans le champ visuel périphérique provoquent des effets favorables sur les jugements et les intentions d’achat des marques publicisées, alors que les récepteurs n’ont pas « conscience » qu’elles sont entrées dans leur champ visuel. Nous étudions également l’évolution des effets cognitifs et attitudinaux huit jours après l’exposition. Pour démontrer ces influences de manière rigoureuse, nous avons conçu une méthode de présentation contingente couplant une caméra filmant les mouvements oculaires et un système informatique faisant automatiquement disparaître les bannières publicitaires dès que le regard de l’internaute se déplace dans leur direction. Après avoir proposé une explication quant aux processus socio-cognitifs impliqués dans l’influence, nous ouvrons de nouvelles perspectives pour la recherche sur la réception de la communication médiatique.Using an experimentation, we show that e-advertisements appearing in the peripheral visual field cause favorable effects on brands judgments and on intention of purchase whereas the receivers are not aware that they appeared in their visual field. To investigate these effects in a rigorous way, we used a method of contingent presentation coupling a camera filming the ocular movements and a computer automatically hiding the advertising banners when the gaze of the Net surfer was directed in their direction. After having proposed an explanation for the socio-cognitive processes underlying the influence, we open new prospects for research on the reception of the media communication

Mind-set metrics in market response models: an integrative approach

Demonstrations of marketing effectiveness currently proceed along two parallel tracks: Quantitative researchers model the direct sales effects of the marketing mix, and advertising and branding experts trace customer mind-set metrics (e.g., awareness, affect). The authors merge the two tracks and analyze the added explanatory value of including customer mind-set metrics in a sales response model that already accounts for short- and long-term effects of advertising, price, distribution, and promotion. Vector autoregressive modeling of the metrics for more than 60 brands of four consumer goods shows that advertising awareness, brand consideration, and brand liking account for almost one-third of explained sales variance. Competitive and own mind-set metrics make a similar contribution. Wear-in times reveal that mind-set metrics can be used as advance warning signals that allow enough time for managerial action before market performance itself is affected. Specific marketing actions affect specific mind-set metrics, with the strongest overall impact for distribution. The findings suggest that modelers should include mind-set metrics in sales response models and branding experts should include competition in their tracking research.Marketing Science Institutepre-prin