Influência dos níveis de paratormônio em quedas entre idosos e adultos em hemodiálise

Objective: to evaluate whether the elderly with high levels of parathyroid hormone in hemodialysis and have more falls than adults under the same conditions. Method: it is a descriptive study, transverse, with a quantitative approach, performed in a nephrology ambulatory from a large hospital of the Central West of Minas Gerais and 80 patients participates in this study. Data were collected using a structured form and analysis of medical records of participants. Results: the falls occurred in 52.50% of the elderly patients and, although there was no significant association between PTH and fall, a considerable number of elderly patients with PTH above 200 pg / ml fell in the last year. Conclusion: future studies are needed to evaluate the intrinsic and extrinsic factors related to falls in the elderly, to prevent this event and ensure a better quality of life for the elderlyObjetivo: evaluar si los ancianos con altos niveles de hormona paratiroidea y en hemodiálisis tienen más caídas que los adultos en las mismas condiciones. Método: estudio descriptivo, transversal, con un enfoque cuantitativo, realizado en la hemodiálisis ambulatoria de un hospital de gran porte del centro-oeste de Minas Gerais. Resultados: la caída presentó queja de 52,5% de los ancianos y, aunque no había ninguna asociación significativa entre los niveles de PTH y caída, un número considerable de los pacientes ancianos con PTH por encima de 200 pg/ml cayó en el último año. Conclúsion: se necesitan más estudios para evaluar los factores intrínsecos y extrínsecos con las caídas en los ancianos, para evitar este evento y garantizar una mejor calidad de vida para los ancianos.Objetivo: Avaliar se os idosos com elevados níveis de paratormônio e em tratamento hemodialítico apresentam mais quedas do que os adultos nas mesmas condições. Método: Pesquisa descritiva, transversal, com abordagem quantitativa, realizada no ambulatório de hemodiálise de um hospital de grande porte do centro-oeste de Minas Gerais. Participaram da pesquisa 80 pacientes. Os dados foram coletados mediante um formulário estruturado e análise dos prontuários dos participantes. Resultados: A queda representou queixa de 52,50% de idosos e, embora não houvesse associação significativa entre níveis de PTH e queda, um número considerável de idosos com PTH acima de 200 pg/ml caíram no último ano. Conclusão: Futuros estudos são necessários para avaliar os fatores intrínsecos e extrínsecos relacionados às quedas em idosos, a fim de prevenir esse evento e garantir uma melhor qualidade de vida para os idosos

Prevalence of Hepatitis B and C virus infection among alcoholic individuals: importance of screening and vaccination

Drug users have been reported to have an increased risk for acquisition of viral hepatitis. This study aims to evaluate the prevalence of HBV and HCV infection and usefulness of saliva for HBsAg and anti-HCV detection in alcoholic patients.A total of 90 alcoholic patients were recruited in 2013. HBsAg and anti-HCV were tested in serum and saliva, anti-HBc and anti-HBs were tested in serum using commercial enzyme immunoassays (EIA).Using serum samples, anti-HCV, HBsAg, anti-HBc and anti-HBs prevalences were 5.6%, 0%, 15.7%, and 29.2%. HBsAg detection in saliva showed 100% of specificity and anti-HCV detection demonstrated 100% of sensitivity and 94.7% of specificity. Low prevalence of HBV and high prevalence of anti-HCV were found and reinforced the recommendation of HBV vaccination to avoid the acute and chronic cases and HCV screening in this group to identify cases for antiviral therapy. Saliva samples could be used for anti-HCV detection in this population, what could increase the diagnosis access

HIV infection: time from diagnosis to initiation of antiretroviral therapy in Portugal, a multicentric study

© 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).The benefits of antiretroviral therapy (ART) for persons living with HIV (PLWH) are well established. Rapid ART initiation can lead to improved clinical outcomes. Portugal has one of the highest rates of new HIV diagnoses in the European Union, and an average time until ART initiation above the recommendations established by the national guideline according to data from the first two years after its implementation in 2015, with no more recent data available after that. This study aimed to evaluate time from the first hospital appointment until ART initiation among newly diagnosed HIV patients in Portugal between 2017 and 2018, to investigate differences between hospitals, and to understand the experience of patient associations in supporting the navigation of PLWH throughout referral and linkage to the therapeutic process. To answer to these objectives, a twofold design was followed: a quantitative approach, with an analysis of records from five Portuguese hospitals, and a qualitative approach, with individual interviews with three representatives of patient associations. Overall, 847 and 840 PLWH initiated ART in 2017 and in 2018, respectively, 21 days (median of the two years) after the first appointment, with nearly half coming outside the mainstream service for hospital referral, and with observed differences between hospitals. In 2017–2018, only 38.0% of PLWH initiated ART in less than 14 days after the first hospital appointment. From the interviews, barriers of administrative and psychosocial nature were identified that may hinder access to ART. Patient associations work to offer a tailored support to patients’ navigation within the health system, which can help to reduce or overcome those potential barriers. Indicators related to time until ART initiation can be used to monitor and improve access to specialized care of PLWH.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Prevenção e controle da contaminação bacteriana de hemocomponentes

Apesar do advento da gentica molecular, terapia celular e automao de procedimentos, a possibilidade de transmisso de infeces por contaminao bacteriana dos componentes do sangue, cresce em importncia, sendo observada como evento adverso transfuso de sangue conhecido como reao transfusional por contaminao bacteriana. Foi verificado durante as anlises realizadas pelo controle de qualidade do Servio de Hemoterapia, que existe uma incidncia varivel de contaminao bacteriana nas bolsas dos hemocomponentes do sangue. Estes dados demonstraram que parte dos pacientes submetidos a transfuses de sangue poderiam estar expostos aos microrganismos presentes nas bolsas de sangue avaliadas como positivas pelo procedimento de cultura e, desta forma, adquirir algum tipo de infeco devido a esta contaminao. Dentre todas as medidas de preveno e controle da contaminao bacteriana de hemocomponentes, merecem destaque, os procedimentos de assepsia adequados do local da puno do brao do doador, assim como, a assepsia das mos, que devem ser habitualmente incorporados em todos os bancos de sangue, alm do uso de luvas descartveis durante a execuo de todas as atividades. Estas medidas visam, no somente, a proteo de todos os profissionais envolvidos, como tambm, evitar o risco de infeces nosocomiais desencadeadas pela contaminao dos hemocompoentes atravs dos microrganismos presentes na pele do doador e tambm, destes profissionais

Legislative Documents

Also, variously referred to as: House bills; House documents; House legislative documents; legislative documents; General Court documents