1,054 research outputs found
Modelling available data for turbot (<i>Psetta maxima</i>) in the Irish and Celtic Seas: a first step towards sustainable management?
F-02: Antibiothérapies anti-SARM dans le traitement probabiliste des bactériémies à Staphylococcus aureus au CHU d'Angers
Introduction â objectifs
La résistance à la méticilline du Staphylococcus aureus (SA) ne cesse de diminuer en France. Nous avons évalué la prescription des antibiothérapies probabilistes dans les bactériémies à SA et leur impact clinique.
Matériels et méthodes
Il sâagit dâune Ă©tude rĂ©trospective incluant les bactĂ©riĂ©mies Ă Staphylococcus aureus sur le CHU dâAngers entre novembre 2012 et septembre 2013 avec recueil de lâantibiothĂ©rapie prescrite au rendu « cocci gram (CG)+ », Ă J5, hospitalisation depuis plus de 5 jours ou dans les six derniers mois, signes de gravitĂ© clinique, mortalitĂ© Ă J5.
RĂ©sultats
Nous avons inclus 146 Ă©pisodes de bactĂ©riĂ©mies. A lâannonce de CG+, 10 patients Ă©taient dĂ©cĂ©dĂ©s, 38,2 % ont reçu un anti-SARM (n = 52), 54,4 % un anti-SASM (n = 74), 7,4 % aucun antibiotique (n = 10). Parmi les bactĂ©riĂ©mies Ă SARM (n = 23), 60,9 % (n = 14) ont reçu une antibiothĂ©rapie initiale Ă visĂ©e SARM contre 36,3 % (n = 41) pour les bactĂ©riĂ©mies Ă SASM (n = 113) (OR = 2,71, p = 0,03). Cette adaptation semble influencĂ©e par une hospitalisation rĂ©cente (OR = 1,82 ; p = 0,33) et la prĂ©sence de signes de gravitĂ© (OR = 1,87, p = 0,23). Dans 21,4 % (n = 6) des bactĂ©riĂ©mies Ă SASM, lâantibiothĂ©rapie anti-SARM nâa pas Ă©tĂ© dĂ©secaladĂ©e. La mortalitĂ© Ă J5 est 13 %. Lâabsence dâantibiothĂ©rapie dans les 24 premiĂšres heures (OR = 2,97 ; p = 0,046) et une prescription de C3G (OR = 5,2, p = 0,05) en monothĂ©rapie augmentent le risque de dĂ©cĂšs Ă J5.
Conclusion
LâantibiothĂ©rapie initale semble adaptĂ©e Ă lâhistoire et la prĂ©sentation des patients. Lâinitiation sans dĂ©lai, la visĂ©e staphylococcique et la dĂ©sescalade sont les Ă©lĂ©ments importants du traitement
Neisseria oralis sp. nov., isolated from healthy gingival plaque and clinical samples
A polyphasic analysis was undertaken of seven independent isolates of Gram-negative cocci collected from pathological clinical samples from New York, Louisiana, Florida and Illinois and healthy subgingival plaque from a patient in Virginia, USA. The 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity among these isolates was 99.7â100 %, and the closest species with a validly published name was Neisseria lactamica (96.9 % similarity to the type strain). DNAâDNA hybridization confirmed that these isolates are of the same species and are distinct from their nearest phylogenetic neighbour, N. lactamica. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S and 23S rRNA gene sequences indicated that the novel species belongs in the genus Neisseria. The predominant cellular fatty acids were C16 : 0, summed feature 3 (C16 : 1Ï7c and/or iso-C15 : 0 2-OH) and C18 : 1Ï7c. The cellular fatty acid profile, together with other phenotypic characters, further supports the inclusion of the novel species in the genus Neisseria. The name Neisseria oralis sp. nov. (type strain 6332T = DSM 25276T = LMG 26725T) is proposed
New <i>Methyloceanibacter</i> diversity from North Sea sediments includes methanotroph containing solely the soluble methane monooxygenase
Marine methylotrophs play a key role in the global carbon cycle by metabolizing reduced one-carbon compounds that are found in high concentrations in marine environments. Genome, physiology and diversity studies have been greatly facilitated by the numerous model organisms brought into culture. However, the availability of marine representatives remains poor. Here, we report the isolation of four novel species from North Sea sediment enrichments closely related to the Alphaproteobacterium Methyloceanibacter caenitepidi. Each of the newly isolated Methyloceanibacter species exhibited a clear genome sequence divergence which was reflected in physiological differences. Notably one strain R-67174 was capable of oxidizing methane as sole source of carbon and energy using solely a soluble methane monooxygenase and represents the first marine Alphaproteobacterial methanotroph brought into culture. Differences in maximum cell density of >1.5 orders of magnitude were observed. Furthermore, three strains were capable of producing nitrous oxide from nitrate. Together, these findings highlight the metabolic and physiologic variability within closely related Methyloceanibacter species and provide a new understanding of the physiological basis of marine methylotrophy
Network-based identification of feedback modules that control RhoA activity and cell migration
Cancer cell migration enables metastatic spread causing most cancer deaths. Rho-family GTPases control cell migration, but being embedded in a highly interconnected feedback network, the control of their dynamical behavior during cell migration remains elusive. To address this question, we reconstructed the Rho-family GTPases signaling network involved in cell migration, and developed a Boolean network model to analyze the different states and emergent rewiring of the Rho-family GTPases signaling network at protrusions and during extracellular matrix-dependent cell migration. Extensive simulations and experimental validations revealed that the bursts of RhoA activity induced at protrusions by EGF are regulated by a negative-feedback module composed of Src, FAK, and CSK. Interestingly, perturbing this module interfered with cyclic Rho activation and extracellular matrix-dependent migration, suggesting that CSK inhibition can be a novel and effective intervention strategy for blocking extracellular matrix-dependent cancer cell migration, while Src inhibition might fail, depending on the genetic background of cells. Thus, this study provides new insights into the mechanisms that regulate the intricate activation states of Rho-family GTPases during extracellular matrix-dependent migration, revealing potential new targets for interfering with extracellular matrix-dependent cancer cell migratio
Threshold ionization mass spectrometry of reactive species in remote Ar/C2H2 expanding thermal plasma Citation for published version (APA)
A comprehensive investigation into the production of gamma-aminobutyric acid by Limosilactobacillus fermentum NG16, a tuna gut isolate
Abstract Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), a four-carbon non-protein amino acid, is widely known to have multiple physiological functions. The present study aimed to investigate the cultivation parameters for GABA production by a lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strain isolated from a tuna gut sample. Among 60 tuna gut LAB, only 7 Limosilactobacillus fermentum isolates, i.e. NG01, NG12, NG13, NG14, NG16, NG23, and NG27, were capable of GABA fermentation, with NG16 being the most potent GABA producer. The GABA production by isolate NG16 was therefore thoroughly characterised. The optimal batch culture conditions for GABA production were an initial cell density of 5Ă106 CFU mLâ1, a monosodium glutamate concentration of 2, an initial pH of 7, a fermentation temperature of 35 °C, and an incubation time of 96 h. Under this cultivation conditions, NG16 produced a maximum GABA yield of 25.52 ± 0.41 mM
Evaluation dâune procĂ©dure de recherche rĂ©trospective des infections du site opĂ©ratoire au Centre Hospitalier Universitaire dâAngers
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