Agrobiodiversity Products by SWOT Analysis as an Analysis for Strategic Innovation

The paper aimed to demonstrate the potential of agro-biodiversity products derived from medicinal plants of the family farmers in Profito network (specific program of the Brazilian government). Method used was scenarios analysis of the knowledge. Literature review it was in the scientific database. According to the new "green wave" created by contemporary society aiming a better health and quality of life by population, it led to the depredation of medicinal species due to the acceleration of global trade demand. Thus, was constructed a SWOT analysis to support managers in strategic planning through of the potential agro-biodiversity products. It shows the appreciation of environmentally conscious products, economically sustainable and the creation of new public policies that ensure and valuation to the rescue, conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity since they are essential for building this niche market

Correction of negative dysphotopsia in Crystalens “Z syndrome”

We report a case of negative dysphotopsia in the left eye of a 56-year-old patient three months after uneventful bilateral phacoemulsification and implantation of a Crystalens® intraocular lens (Bausch and Lomb®) placed in the capsular bag. Three months postoperatively, the patient described visual field loss in the inferior temporal quadrant in the left eye under low light conditions. Anterior capsulorhexis was eccentric, allowing the inferior temporal optic edge to move forward, producing late asymmetric vault of the lens. One month later, when the equatorial diameter of the capsular bag decreased, we pushed the inferior temporary hinge backwards so that the lens moved back into the correct position. Six months after relocation, the lens position remained stable and negative dysphotopsia was absent. This case shows Crystalens Z syndrome as a new etiology of negative dysphotopsia, and a successful novel treatment in a patient without capsular fibrosis

Effects of high-volume, rapid-fluid therapy on cardiovascular function and hematological values during isoflurane-induced hypotension in healthy dogs

The objective of this study was to determine the effects of the administration of a high volume of isotonic crystalloid at a rapid rate on cardiovascular function in normovolemic, isoflurane-anesthetized dogs during induced hypotension. Using a prospective study, 6 adult dogs were induced to general anesthesia and cardiovascular and hematological values were measured while the dogs were maintained at 3 hemodynamic states: first during light anesthesia with 1.3% end-tidal isoflurane (ETI); then during a hypotensive state induced by deep anesthesia with 3% ETI for 45 min while administered 1 mL/kg body weight (BW) per minute of isotonic fluids; and then decreased to 1.6% ETI while receiving 1 mL/kg BW per minute of fluids for 15 min. End-tidal isoflurane (ETI) at 3.0 6 0.2% decreased arterial blood pressure (ABP), cardiac index (CI), and stroke volume index (SVI), and increased stroke volume variation (SVV) and central venous pressure (CVP). Fluid administration during 3% ETI decreased only SVV and systemic vascular resistance index (SVRI), while CVP increased progressively. Decreasing ETI to 1.6 6 0.1% returned ABP and SVI to baseline (ETI 1.3 6 0.1%), while CI and heart rate increased and SVV decreased. There was significant progressive clinical hemodilution of hemoglobin (Hb), packed cell volume (PCV), total protein (TP), colloid osmotic pressure (COP), arterial oxygen content (CaO2), and central-venous oxygen content (CcvO2). High-volume, rapid-rate administration of an isotonic crystalloid was ineffective in counteracting isoflurane-induced hypotension in normovolemic dogs at a deep plane of anesthesia. Cardiovascular function improved only when anesthetic depth was reduced. Excessive hemodilution and its adverse consequences should be considered when a high volume of crystalloid is administered at a rapid rate.Cette étude visait à déterminer les effets de l’administration d’un grand volume de cristalloïde isotonique à un débit rapide sur la fonction cardio-vasculaire de chiens normo-volémique, anesthésiés à l’isoflurane et en hypotension induite. Dans une étude prospective, 6 chiens adultes ont été soumis à une anesthésie générale et des données cardio-vasculaires et hématologiques ont été prises pendant que les chiens étaient maintenus à 3 états hémodynamiques : premièrement durant l’anesthésie légère avec 1,3 % d’isoflurane en phase télo-expiratoire (ETI); par la suite durant un état d’hypotension induit par une anesthésie profonde avec une ETI de 3 % pour 45 min alors que l’on administrait des fluides isotoniques à raison de 1 mL/kg de poids corporel (BW) par minute; et finalement après réduction de l’ETI à 1,6 % tout en recevant 1 mL/kg de BW par minute de fluide pendant 15 min. L’isoflurane à 3,0 6 0,2 % lors de l’ETI a entraîné une diminution de la pression sanguine artérielle (ABP), de l’index cardiaque (CI), et de l’index du débit systolique (SVI), et une augmentation de la variation du volume systolique (SVV) et de la pression veineuse centrale (CVP). L’administration de fluide durant l’ETI de 3 % a diminué uniquement la SVV et l’index de résistance vasculaire systémique (SVRI), alors que la CVP augmentait progressivement. La diminution de l’ETI à 1,6 6 0,1 % a ramené l’ABP et le SVI aux valeurs de base (ETI 1,3 6 0,1 %), alors que le CI et le rythme cardiaque augmentèrent et la SVV diminua. Il y eu une hémodilution clinique progressive significative de l’hémoglobine (Hb), de l’hématocrite (PCV), des protéines totales (TP), de la pression osmotique colloïdale (COP), du contenu artériel en oxygène (CaO2), et du contenu veineux central en oxygène (CcvO2). L’administration rapide d’un grand volume d’un cristalloïde isotonique était inefficace pour contrecarrer une hypotension induite par l’isoflurane chez des chiens normo-volémique dans un stade profond d’anesthésie. La fonction cardio-vasculaire ne s’est améliorée uniquement que lorsque la profondeur de l’anesthésie fut réduite. Une hémodilution excessive et ses conséquences néfastes devraient être considérées lorsqu’un grand volume de cristalloïde est administré à un débit rapide.This paper was presented at the 16th International Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care Symposium and Annual Conference of the American College of Veterinary Anesthesiologists, San Antonio, Texas, 2010.This study was funded in part by a grant from the Ontario Veterinary College Pet Trust Fund.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/journals/133/am2013mn201

Dermatomiositis como síndrome paraneoplásico

Inflammatory myopathies have an increased risk of malignancy, the one with the highest association being dermatomyositis. The neoplasm can be solid or hematologic. There are clinical and laboratory factors that can increase or decrease the risk for the presentation of a myositis as a paraneoplastic disease. Among the main risk factors, the presence of anti-TIF1, anti-NXP2 and to a lesser extent anti-SAE antibodies have been observed. The main theory of its origin points to the immune response derived from the creation of mutated proteins by cancer cells. The diagnosis of malignancy can be made before, during or after the diagnosis of dermatomyositis. There is no established therapeutic regimen, however the use of steroids, immunosuppressants or immunoglobulins have been proposed, as well as effective cancer therapy.Las miopatías inflamatorias tienen un riesgo aumentado de malignidad, siendo la dermatomiositis la de mayor asociación. La neoplasia puede ser sólida o hematológica. Existen factores clínicos y de laboratorio que pueden aumentar o disminuir el riesgo de presentación de miositis como enfermedad paraneoplásica. Entre los principales factores de riesgo, se ha observado la presencia de anticuerpos anti-TIF1, el anti-NXP2 y en menor medida el anti-SAE. La principal teoría de su origen apunta hacia la respuesta inmune derivada de la creación de proteínas mutadas por parte de las células cancerosas. El diagnóstico de malignidad se puede realizar antes, durante o después del diagnóstico de dermatomiositis. No existe un régimen terapéutico establecido, sin embargo se ha propuesto el uso de esteroides, inmunosupresores o inmunoglobulinas, así como la terapia efectiva contra el cáncer

Influence of the number of daily pills and doses on adherence to antiretroviral treatment: a 7-year study

[EN] What is known and objective: Antiretroviral treatment (ART) is hampered by complicated regimens, high pill burden, drug–drug interactions, and frequent short- and long-term adverse effects, leading to decreased adherence. Over recent years, considerable effort has been directed at developing regimens that are less burdening. We undertook a 7-year retrospective study of the records of 264 HIV-infected subjects enrolled in a pharmaceutical care programme to document the progress made and to study the influence of the number of ART pills and doses on the level of treatment adherence. Methods: Antiretroviral dispensing records were analysed for the number of pills and doses administered and the ART adherence rate estimated. Results and discussion: In 2005, the patients took a mean of 6 2 pills daily (CI 95%: 5 9–6 6), and 92 9% of them were on a twice-a-day (BID) dosage regimen. By 2012, the mean number of pills was reduced to 4 1 (CI 95%: 3 8–4 4), and only 50 9% were on a BID regimen. No statistically significant relation was observed between number of daily pills and doses and ART adherence reached by the patients in any of the analyses performed. What is new and conclusions: There has been a continuous reduction in the number of pills and doses of antiretrovirals taken by individual patients over the last 7 years due largely to the introduction of improved treatments and regimens. More daily pills or doses was not associated with worse ART adherence in our pharmaceutical care programme

Padrão e extremos de precipitação na cidade de São Paulo

The objective of this study is to analyze the precipitation variability, extreme events, and trends of this variable in the city of São Paulo. The data used covered the period between 1933 and 2020, originating from the IAG/USP Meteorological Station. The monthly averages for the study of seasonality, the boxplot diagram for the investigation of rare monthly events, and the quantile technique for classifying extreme precipitation events were considered for analysis. A trend analysis was performed through the accumulated annual precipitation and linear adjustment by a simple linear regression equation. In seasonal terms, the city of São Paulo has low precipitation in winter, with a minimum in August and an average of 38.05 mm, increasing total precipitation during spring. It was observed that the highest precipitation values occurred during the summer, with a peak in January and 232.14 mm. According to the boxplot diagram, the rare events of high precipitation occur mainly in winter, with emphasis on May and June. There is a greater concentration of extreme precipitation events in the second half of the observed years. The dry months have the highest occurrences of rare precipitation events. Simple linear regression analysis indicated a positive trend, indicating an average increase in annual precipitation of 508.43 mm in the city of São Paulo. In general, there is an indication of an precipitation increase in the city, especially due to the higher frequency of monthly extreme rainy events. Keywords:  Seasonality. Extreme events. Rain. Dry. Climatological norms.El objetivo del estudio es analizar la variabilidad de la precipitación, eventos extremos y tendencias de esta variable en la ciudad de São Paulo. El estudio utilizó datos de precipitación específicos de la Estación Meteorológica IAG/USP, con una serie histórica entre 1933 y 2020. Se analizaron los promedios mensuales para el estudio de la estacionalidad, el diagrama boxplot para la investigación de eventos mensuales raros y la técnica de cuantiles para la clasificación de eventos extremos de precipitación. También se realizó un análisis de tendencia utilizando la precipitación acumulada anual y el ajuste lineal mediante una ecuación de regresión lineal simple. En términos estacionales, la ciudad de São Paulo tiene bajas precipitaciones en invierno, con un mínimo en agosto y un promedio de 38,05 mm, aumentando la precipitación total durante la primavera. Los valores más altos de precipitación se dan durante el verano, con un pico en enero y 232,14 mm. De acuerdo con el diagrama de caja, los eventos raros de alta precipitación ocurren principalmente en invierno, con énfasis en los meses de mayo y junio. Hay una mayor concentración de eventos extremos de precipitación en la segunda mitad de los años observados. Es de destacar que los meses secos tienen la mayor ocurrencia de eventos de precipitación raros. El análisis de regresión lineal simple indicó una tendencia positiva, revelando un aumento promedio de la precipitación anual de 508,43 mm en la ciudad de São Paulo. En general, los diferentes enfoques utilizados en el estudio indican un aumento de la precipitación en la ciudad, especialmente debido a la mayor frecuencia de eventos de lluvias extremas mensuales. Palabras clave: Estacionalidad. Eventos extremos. Lluvia. Seco. Normas climatológicas.O objetivo do estudo é analisar a variabilidade de precipitação, eventos extremos e tendências dessa variável na cidade de São Paulo. O estudo utilizou dados pontuais de precipitação da Estação Meteorológica do IAG/USP, com série histórica entre 1933 e 2020. Foram analisadas as médias mensais para o estudo da sazonalidade, o diagrama boxplot para a investigação de eventos mensais raros e a técnica dos quantis para classificação dos eventos extremos de precipitação. Foi também realizada uma análise de tendência por meio do acumulado anual de precipitação e ajuste linear por uma equação de regressão linear simples. Em termos sazonais, a cidade de São Paulo apresenta baixa precipitação no inverno, com mínimo em agosto e média de 38,05 mm, aumentando os totais precipitados durante a primavera. Os valores mais altos de precipitação ocorrem durante o verão, com pico em janeiro e 232,14 mm. De acordo com o diagrama boxplot, os eventos raros de muita precipitação ocorrem principalmente no inverno, destacando-se os meses de maio e junho. Há uma maior concentração dos eventos extremos de precipitação na segunda metade dos anos observados. Destaca-se que os meses de seca apresentam as maiores ocorrências de eventos raros de precipitação. A análise da regressão linear simples indicou uma tendência positiva, revelando um aumento médio da precipitação anual de 508,43 mm na cidade de São Paulo. De modo geral, as diferentes abordagens utilizadas no estudo indicam um aumento na precipitação na cidade, especialmente devido à maior frequência de eventos extremos chuvosos mensais. Palavras-Chave: Sazonalidade. Eventos extremos. Chuva. Seca. Normais climatológicas

Toward a Coordinated Understanding of Hydro-Biogeochemical Root Functions in Tropical Forests for Application in Vegetation Models

Tropical forest root characteristics and resource acquisition strategies are underrepresented in vegetation and global models, hampering the prediction of forest–climate feedbacks for these carbon-rich ecosystems. Lowland tropical forests often have globally unique combinations of high taxonomic and functional biodiversity, rainfall seasonality, and strongly weathered infertile soils, giving rise to distinct patterns in root traits and functions compared with higher latitude ecosystems. We provide a roadmap for integrating recent advances in our understanding of tropical forest belowground function into vegetation models, focusing on water and nutrient acquisition. We offer comparisons of recent advances in empirical and model understanding of root characteristics that represent important functional processes in tropical forests. We focus on: (1) fine-root strategies for soil resource exploration, (2) coupling and trade-offs in fine-root water vs nutrient acquisition, and (3) aboveground–belowground linkages in plant resource acquisition and use. We suggest avenues for representing these extremely diverse plant communities in computationally manageable and ecologically meaningful groups in models for linked aboveground–belowground hydro-nutrient functions. Tropical forests are undergoing warming, shifting rainfall regimes, and exacerbation of soil nutrient scarcity caused by elevated atmospheric CO2. The accurate model representation of tropical forest functions is crucial for understanding the interactions of this biome with the climate

Terapia Ocupacional e telessaúde: relato de experiência de atendimento a criança com transtornos do desenvolvimento/Occupational therapy in telehealth: experience report of care for children with development disorders

Contextualização: Relato de experiência do estágio obrigatório do Curso de Graduação em Terapia Ocupacional e da Especialização em Transtorno do Espectro do Autismo (TEA) da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Processo de Intervenção: Participaram 8 estagiários de graduação, 1 terapeuta ocupacional pós-graduanda em TEA e uma docente terapeuta ocupacional, prestando atendimentos remotos a 14 crianças de 1 a 9 anos de idade e suas famílias. As intervenções ocorreram de maneira síncrona, assíncrona ou ambas. Análise crítica da prática: foram observados resultados positivos no desenvolvimento de habilidades das crianças, bem como em seu desempenho e satisfação, avaliados pela Medida Canadense de Desempenho Ocupacional. Síntese de considerações: O estágio no formato telessaúde possibilitou a continuidade das intervenções das crianças previamente atendidas, capacitar pais e cuidadores, além de averiguar possibilidades de atuação em terapia ocupacional pediátrica nesta modalidade, no contexto da COVID-19.Palavras-chave: telessaúde; terapia ocupacional; transtornos do desenvolvimento Abstract Contextualization: Experience report of the mandatory internship of the Undergraduate Course in Occupational Therapy and of the Specialization in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) of Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Intervention Process: 8 undergraduate interns participated, 1 occupational therapist specializing in ASD and a teaching occupational therapist, providing remote assistance to 14 children aged 1 and 9 years and their families. The interventions took place in a synchronous, asynchronous or both ways. Critical analysis of the practice: positive results were observed in the development of children's skills, as well as in their performance and satisfaction, assessed by the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure. Summary of considerations: The internship in the telehealth format made it possible to continue the interventions of children previously attended, to train parents and caregivers, in addition to investigating possibilities of work in pediatric occupational therapy in this modality, in the context of COVID-19. Keywords: telehealth; occupational therapy; developmental disorders Resumen Contextualización: Antecedentes: Informe de experiencia de la pasantía obligatoria del Curso de Grado en Terapia Ocupacional y de la Especialización en Trastorno del Espectro Autista (TEA) da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Proceso de intervención: participaron 8 pasantes de pregrado, 1 terapeuta ocupacional especialista en TEA y un terapeuta ocupacional docente, brindando asistencia remota a 14 niños de 1 y 9 años y sus familias. Las intervenciones se produjeron de forma sincrónica, asincrónica o en ambos sentidos. Análisis crítico de la práctica: se observaron resultados positivos en el desarrollo de las habilidades de los niños, así como en su desempeño y satisfacción, evaluados por la Canadian Occupational Performance Measure. Resumen de consideraciones: La pasantía en el formato de telesalud permitió continuar las intervenciones de los niños previamente atendidos, capacitar a los padres y cuidadores, además de investigar posibilidades de trabajo en terapia ocupacional pediátrica en esta modalidad, en el contexto de COVID- 19.Palavras clave: Telesalud. Terapia ocupacional. Trastornos del desarroll

The All-sky Medium Energy Gamma-ray Observatory eXplorer (AMEGO-X) Mission Concept

The All-sky Medium Energy Gamma-ray Observatory eXplorer (AMEGO-X) is designed to identify and characterize gamma rays from extreme explosions and accelerators. The main science themes include: supermassive black holes and their connections to neutrinos and cosmic rays; binary neutron star mergers and the relativistic jets they produce; cosmic ray particle acceleration sources including Galactic supernovae; and continuous monitoring of other astrophysical events and sources over the full sky in this important energy range. AMEGO-X will probe the medium energy gamma-ray band using a single instrument with sensitivity up to an order of magnitude greater than previous telescopes in the energy range 100 keV to 1 GeV that can be only realized in space. During its three-year baseline mission, AMEGO-X will observe nearly the entire sky every two orbits, building up a sensitive all-sky map of gamma-ray sources and emission. AMEGO-X was submitted in the recent 2021 NASA MIDEX Announcement of Opportunity.Comment: 23 pages, 16 figures, Published Journal of Astronomical Telescopes, Instruments, and System

Rapid responses of root traits and productivity to phosphorus and cation additions in a tropical lowland forest in Amazonia

• Soil nutrient availability can strongly affect root traits. In tropical forests, phosphorus (P) is often considered the main limiting nutrient for plants. However, support for the P paradigm is limited, and N and cations might also control tropical forests functioning. • We used a large‐scale experiment to determine how the factorial addition of nitrogen (N), P and cations affected root productivity and traits related to nutrient acquisition strategies (morphological traits, phosphatase activity, arbuscular mycorrhizal colonisation and nutrient contents) in a primary rainforest growing on low‐fertility soils in Central Amazonia after one year of fertilisation. • Multiple root traits and productivity were affected. Phosphorus additions increased annual root productivity and root diameter, but decreased root phosphatase activity. Cation additions increased root productivity at certain times of year, also increasing root diameter and mycorrhizal colonisation. P and cation additions increased their element concentrations in root tissues. No responses were detected with N addition. • Here we show that rock‐derived nutrients determine root functioning in low‐fertility Amazonian soils, demonstrating not only the hypothesised importance of P, but also highlighting the role of cations. The changes in fine root traits and productivity indicate that even slow‐growing tropical rainforests can respond rapidly to changes in resource availability